Sophocles · Oedipus at Colonus Οἰδίπους ἐπὶ Κολωνῷ

Sophocles, Oedipus at Colonus 1284–1345: Fifth episode (cont.): Polyneices' plea

Polyneices says that he was driven from Thebes by his younger brother Eteocles, who has taken the throne, and that he has gathered seven armies at Argos to attack the city. He names the seven champions who besiege Thebes. He begs his father to put away his anger and to join them, since the oracles say that victory will go to the side that has him, and promises to restore him to his home.

Lines 1284–1345 · 578 words · click a number to copy its link

Polyneices

1284ἀλλʼ ἐξερῶ· καλῶς γὰρ ἐξηγεῖ σύ μοι· 1285πρῶτον μὲν αὐτὸν τὸν θεὸν ποιούμενος ἀρωγόν, ἔνθεν μʼ ὧδʼ ἀνέστησεν μολεῖν ὁ τῆσδε τῆς γῆς κοίρανος, διδοὺς ἐμοὶ λέξαι τʼ ἀκοῦσαί τʼ ἀσφαλεῖ σὺν ἐξόδῳ. καὶ ταῦτʼ ἀφʼ ὑμῶν, ὧ ξένοι, βουλήσομαι 1290καὶ ταῖνδʼ ἀδελφαῖν καὶ πατρὸς κυρεῖν ἐμοί. ἃ δʼ ἦλθον, ἤδη σοι θέλω λέξαι, πάτερ. γῆς ἐκ πατρῴας ἐξελήλαμαι φυγάς, τοῖς σοῖς πανάρχοις οὕνεκʼ ἐνθακεῖν θρόνοις γονῇ πεφυκὼς ἠξίουν γεραίτερος. 1295ἀνθʼ ὧν μʼ Ἐτεοκλῆς, ὢν φύσει νεώτερος, γῆς ἐξέωσεν, οὔτε νικήσας λόγῳ οὔτʼ εἰς ἔλεγχον χειρὸς οὐδʼ ἔργου μολών, πόλιν δὲ πείσας. ὧν ἐγὼ μάλιστα μὲν τὴν σὴν ἐρινὺν αἰτίαν εἶναι λέγω. 1300ἔπειτα κἀπὸ μάντεων ταύτῃ κλύω. ἐπεὶ γὰρ ἦλθον Ἄργος ἐς τὸ Δωρικόν, λαβὼν Ἄδραστον πενθερόν, ξυνωμότας ἔστησʼ ἐμαυτῷ γῆς ὅσοιπερ Ἀπίας πρῶτοι καλοῦνται καὶ τετίμηνται δόρει, 1305ὅπως τὸν ἑπτάλογχον ἐς Θήβας στόλον ξὺν τοῖσδʼ ἀγείρας ἢ θάνοιμι πανδίκως ἢ τοὺς τάδʼ ἐκπράξαντας ἐκβάλοιμι γῆς. εἶεν· τί δῆτα νῦν ἀφιγμένος κυρῶ; σοὶ προστροπαίους, ὦ πάτερ, λιτὰς ἔχων 1310αὐτός τʼ ἐμαυτοῦ ξυμμάχων τε τῶν ἐμῶν, οἳ νῦν σὺν ἑπτὰ τάξεσιν σὺν ἑπτά τε λόγχαις τὸ Θήβης πέδιον ἀμφεστᾶσι πᾶν· οἷος δορυσσοῦς Ἀμφιάρεως, τὰ πρῶτα μὲν δόρει κρατύνων, πρῶτα δʼ οἰωνῶν ὁδοῖς· 1315ὁ δεύτερος δʼ Αἰτωλὸς Οἰνέως τόκος Τυδεύς. τρίτος δʼ Ἐτέοκλος, Ἀργεῖος γεγώς· τέταρτον Ἱππομέδοντʼ ἀπέστειλεν πατὴρ Ταλαός· ὁ πέμπτος δʼ εὔχεται κατασκαφῇ Καπανεὺς τὸ Θήβης ἄστυ δῃώσειν πυρί· 1320ἕκτος δὲ Παρθενοπαῖος Ἀρκὰς ὄρνυται, ἐπώνυμος τῆς πρόσθεν ἀδμήτης χρόνῳ μητρὸς λοχευθείς, πιστὸς Ἀταλάντης γόνος· ἐγὼ δὲ σός, κεἰ μὴ σός, ἀλλὰ τοῦ κακοῦ πότμου φυτευθείς, σός γέ τοι καλούμενος, 1325ἄγω τὸν Ἄργους ἄφοβον ἐς Θήβας στρατόν. οἵ σʼ ἀντὶ παίδων τῶνδε καὶ ψυχῆς, πάτερ, ἱκετεύομεν ξύμπαντες ἐξαιτούμενοι μῆνιν βαρεῖαν εἰκαθεῖν ὁρμωμένῳ τῷδʼ ἀνδρὶ τοὐμοῦ πρὸς κασιγνήτου τίσιν, 1330ὅς μʼ ἐξέωσε κἀπεσύλησεν πάτρας. εἰ γάρ τι πιστόν ἐστιν ἐκ χρηστηρίων, οἷς ἂν σὺ προσθῇ, τοῖσδʼ ἔφασκʼ εἶναι κράτος. πρὸς νῦν σε κρηνῶν καὶ θεῶν ὁμογνίων αἰτῶ πιθέσθαι καὶ παρεικαθεῖν, ἐπεὶ 1335πτωχοὶ μὲν ἡμεῖς καὶ ξένοι, ξένος δὲ σύ. ἄλλους δὲ θωπεύοντες οἰκοῦμεν σύ τε κἀγώ, τὸν αὐτὸν δαίμονʼ ἐξειληχότες. ὁ δʼ ἐν δόμοις τύραννος, ὦ τάλας ἐγώ, κοινῇ καθʼ ἡμῶν ἐγγελῶν ἁβρύνεται· 1340ὅν, εἰ σὺ τἠμῇ ξυμπαραστήσει φρενί, βραχεῖ σὺν ὄγκῳ καὶ χρόνῳ διασκεδῶ. ὥστʼ ἐν δόμοισι τοῖσι σοῖς στήσω σʼ ἄγων. στήσω δʼ ἐμαυτόν, κεῖνον ἐκβαλὼν βίᾳ. καὶ ταῦτα σοῦ μὲν ξυνθέλοντος ἔστι μοι 1345κομπεῖν, ἄνευ σοῦ δʼ οὐδὲ σωθῆναι σθένω.

Then I will speak boldly, for you give me excellent guidance, first claiming the help of the god himself, from whose altar the king of this land raised me to come to you, with a guarantee to speak and hear, and go my way unharmed. And I wish these pledges, strangers, to be kept with me by you, and by my sisters here, and by my father. But now I want to tell you, father, why I came. I have been driven as an exile from my fatherland, because, as eldest-born, I thought it right to sit on your sovereign throne. Therefore Eteocles, though the younger, thrust me from the land, when he had neither defeated me by an argument of law, nor made a trial of might and deed. He brought over the city by persuasion. The cause of this, I claim, is most of all the curse on your house; I also hear this from soothsayers. For when I came to Dorian Argos, I made Adrastus my father-in-law. And I bound to me by oath all men of the Apian land who are foremost in their renown for war, so that with their aid I might collect the seven armies of spearmen against Thebes, and die in a just cause, or drive the doers of this wrong from the land. All right then, why have I come to you now? Bearing prayers of supplication, father, in person to you, my own prayers and those of my allies, who now with seven armies behind their seven spears have set their blockade around the plain of Thebes. One such is swift-speared Amphiaraus, a matchless warrior, and a matchless diviner; then comes the son of Oeneus, Aetolian Tydeus; Eteoclus is third, of Argive birth; the fourth, Hippomedon, is sent by Talaos, his father; while Capaneus, the fifth, boasts that he will burn Thebes to the ground with fire; and sixth, Arcadian Parthenopaeus rushes to the war. He is named for that virgin of long ago from whose marriage in later time he was born, the trusty son of Atalanta. Last come I, your son—or if not yours, then the offspring of an evil fate, but yours at least in name— leading the fearless army of Argos to Thebes. It is we who implore you, father, every one of us, by your daughters here and by your soul, begging you to forgo your fierce anger against me, as I go forth to punish my brother, who has expelled me and robbed me of my fatherland. For if anything trustworthy comes from oracles, they said that whoever you join with in alliance will have victorious strength. Then, by the streams of water and gods of our race, I ask you to listen and to yield. I am a beggar and a stranger, as you are yourself; by paying court to others both you and I have a home, obtaining by lot the same fortune. But he is tyrant at home—wretched me!—and in his pride laughs at you and me alike. But if you join as ally to my purpose, with little trouble or time I will scatter his strength to the winds, so that I will bring you home and set you in your own house, and set me in mine, when I have cast him out by force. If you are with me, then I can make this boast; but without you I cannot even return alive.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1889). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1912, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Oedipus at Colonus, Cambridge University Press, 1889 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Oedipus at Colonus 1284–1345: Polyneices' plea | Sophocles