Quintus Smyrnaeus · The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) Τὰ μεθ' Ὅμηρον

Quintus Smyrnaeus, The Fall of Troy (Posthomerica) 3.665–787: The pyre of Achilles

At dawn the Argives raise a great pyre, and Achilles is burned with the horses and men slain round it. His companions gather his bones into a silver casket, which the Nereids anoint and lay in a golden vase given by Thetis, and the Argives heap a barrow by the Hellespont. His immortal horses mourn him, and Poseidon rises from the sea to console Thetis.

Lines 3.665–787 · 1110 words · click a number to copy its link
665ἀλλʼ ὅτε καγχαλόωσα διʼ αἰθέρος ἤλυθεν ἠὼς λαμπρότατον πᾶσίν τε φάος Τρῶεσσι φέρουσα καὶ Πριάμῳ—Δαναοὶ δὲ μέγʼ ἀχνύμενοι Ἀχιλῆα κλαῖον ἐπʼ ἤματα πολλά, περιστενάχοντο δὲ μακραὶ ἠιόνες πόντοιο, μέγας δʼ ὀλοφύρετο Νηρεὺς 670ἦρα φέρων κούρῃ Νηρηίδι, σὺν δέ οἱ ἄλλοι εἰνάλιοι μύροντο θεοὶ φθιμένου Ἀχιλῆος— καὶ τότε δὴ μεγάλοιο νέκυν Πηληιάδαο Ἀργεῖοι πυρὶ δῶκαν ἀάσπετα νηήσαντες δοῦρα, τά οἱ φορέοντες ἀπʼ οὔρεος Ἰδαίοιο 675πάντες ὁμῶς ἐμόγησαν, ἐπεί σφεας ὀτρύνοντες Ἀτρεῖδαι προέηκαν ἀπείριτον οἰσέμεν ὕλην, ὄφρα θοῶς καίοιτο νέκυς κταμένου Ἀχιλῆος. ἀμφὶ δὲ τεύχεα πολλὰ πυρῇ περινηήσαντο αἰζηῶν κταμένων, πολλοὺς δʼ ἐφύπερθε βάλοντο 680Τρώων δῃώσαντες ὁμῶς περικαλλέας υἷας ἵππους τε χρεμέθοντας ἐϋσθενέας θʼ ἅμα ταύρους, σὺν δʼ ὄϊάς τε σύας τʼ ἔβαλον βρίθοντας ἀλοιφῇ· φάρεα δʼ ἐκ χηλῶν φέρον ἄσπετα κωκύουσαι δμωιάδες, καὶ πάντα πυρῆς καθύπερθε βάλοντο, 685χρυσόν τʼ ἤλεκτρόν τʼ ἐπενήεον· ἀμφί δέ χαίτας Μυρμιδόνες κείραντο, νέκυν δʼ ἐκάλυψαν ἄνακτος· καὶ δʼ αὐτὴ Βρισηὶς ἀκηχεμένη περὶ νεκρῷ κειραμένη πλοκάμους πύματον πόρε δῶρον ἄνακτι. πολλοὺς δʼ ἀμφιφορῆας ἀλείφατος ἀμφεχέοντο, 690ἄλλους δʼ ἀμφὶ πυρῇ μέλιτος θέσαν ἠδὲ καὶ οἴνου ἡδέος, οὗ μέθυ λαρὸν ὀδώδεε νέκταρι ἶσον. ἄλλα δὲ πολλὰ βάλοντο θυώδεα θαῦμα βροτοῖσιν, ὅσσα χθὼν φέρει ἐσθλὰ καὶ ὁππόσα δῖα θάλασσα.

But when with a triumphant laugh the Dawn
Soared up the sky, and her most radiant light
Shed over all the Trojans and their king,
Then, sorrowing sorely for Achilles still,
The Danaans woke to weep. Day after day,
For many days they wept. Around them moaned
Far-stretching beaches of the sea, and mourned
Great Nereus for his daughter Thetis’ sake;
And mourned with him the other Sea-gods all
For dead Achilles. Then the Argives gave
The corpse of great Peleides to the flame.
A pyre of countless tree-trunks built they up
Which, all with one mind toiling, from the heights
Of Ida they brought down; for Atreus’ sons
Sped on the work, and charged them to bring thence
Wood without measure, that consumed with speed
Might be Achilles’ body. All around
Piled they about the pyre much battle-gear
Of strong men slain; and slew and cast thereon
Full many goodly sons of Trojan men,
And snorting steeds, and mighty bulls withal,
And sheep and fatling swine thereon they cast.
And wailing captive maids from coffers brought
Mantles untold; all cast they on the pyre:
Gold heaped they there and amber. All their hair
The Myrmidons shore, and shrouded with the same
The body of their king. Briseis laid
Her own shorn tresses on the corpse, her gift,
Her last, unto her lord. Great jars of oil
Full many poured they out thereon, with jars
Of honey and of wine, rich blood of the grape
That breathed an odour as of nectar, yea,
Cast incense-breathing perfumes manifold
Marvellous sweet, the precious things put forth
By earth, and treasures of the sea divine.

694Ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ περὶ πάγχυ πυρὴν διεκοσμήσαντο, 695πεζοὶ ἅμʼ ἱππήεσσι σὺν ἔντεσιν ἐρρώσαντο ἀμφὶ πυρὴν πολύδακρυν. ὁ δʼ ἔκποθεν Οὐλύμποιο Ζεὺς ψεκάδας κατέχευεν ὑπὲρ νέκυν Αἰακίδαο ἀμβροσίας, δίῃ δὲ φέρων Νηρηίδι τιμὴν Ἑρμείην προέηκεν ἐς Αἴολον, ὄφρα καλέσσῃ 700λαιψηρῶν ἀνέμων ἱερὸν μένος· ἦ γὰρ ἔμελλε καίεσθʼ Αἰακίδαο νέκυς. τοῦ δʼ αἶψα μολόντος Αἴολος οὐκ ἀπίθησε· καλεσσάμενος δʼ ἀλεγεινὸν καρπαλίμως Βορέην Ζεφύροιό τε λάβρον ἀήτην ἐς Τροίην προέηκε θοῇ θύοντας ἀέλλῃ· 705οἱ δὲ θοῶς οἴμησαν ὑπὲρ πόντοιο φέρεσθαι ῥιπῇ ἀπειρεσίῃ· περὶ δʼ ἴαχεν ἐσσυμένοισι πόντος ὁμοῦ καὶ γαῖα· περικλονέοντο δʼ ὔπερθε πάντα νέφη μεγάλοιο διʼ ἠέρος ἀΐσσοντα. οἱ δὲ Διὸς βουλῇσι δαϊκταμένου Ἀχιλῆος 710αἶψα πυρῇ ἐνόρουσαν ἀολλέες, ὦρτο δʼ ἀϋτμὴ Ἡφαίστου μαλεροῖο· γόος δʼ ἀλίαστος ὀρώρει Μυρμιδόνων· ἄνεμοι δὲ καὶ ἐσσύμενοί περ ἀέλλῃ πᾶν ἦμαρ καὶ νύκτα νέκυν περιποιπνύοντες καῖον ἐϋπνείοντες ὁμῶς· ἀνὰ δʼ ἔγρετο πουλὺς 715καπνὸς ἔς ἠέρα δῖαν, ἐπέστενε δʼ ἄσπετος ὕλη δαμναμένη πυρὶ πᾶσα, μέλαινα δὲ γίνετο τέφρη. οἱ δὲ μέγʼ ἐκτελέσαντες ἀτειρέες ἔργον ἀῆται εἰς ἑὸν ἄντρον ἕκαστος ὁμοῦ νεφέεσσι φέροντο.

Then, when all things were set in readiness
About the pyre, all, footmen, charioteers,
Compassed that woeful bale, clashing their arms,
While, from the viewless heights Olympian, Zeus
Rained down ambrosia on dead Aeacus’ son.
For honour to the Goddess, Nereus’ child,
He sent to Aeolus Hermes, bidding him
Summon the sacred might of his swift winds,
For that the corpse of Aeacus’ son must now
Be burned. With speed he went, and Aeolus
Refused not: the tempestuous North in haste
He summoned, and the wild blast of the West;
And to Troy sped they on their whirlwind wings.
Fast in mad onrush, fast across the deep
They darted; roared beneath them as they flew
The sea, the land; above crashed thunder-voiced
Clouds headlong hurtling through the firmament.
Then by decree of Zeus down on the pyre
Of slain Achilles, like a charging host
Swooped they; upleapt the Fire-god’s madding breath:
Uprose a long wail from the Myrmidons.
Then, though with whirlwind rushes toiled the winds,
All day, all night, they needs must fan the flames
Ere that death-pyre burned out. Up to the heavens
Vast-volumed rolled the smoke. The huge tree-trunks
Groaned, writhing, bursting, in the heat, and dropped
The dark-grey ash all round. So when the winds
Had tirelessly fulfilled their mighty task,
Back to their cave they rode cloud-charioted.

719Μυρμιδόνες δʼ, ὅτʼ ἄνακτα πελώριον ὕστατον ἄλλων 720ἤνυσε πῦρ ἀΐδηλον ἀποκταμένων περὶ νεκρῷ ἵππων τʼ αἰζηῶν τε, καὶ ἄλλʼ ὅσα δακρυχέοντες ὄβριμον ἀμφὶ νέκυν κειμήλια θῆκαν Ἀχαιοί, δὴ τότε πυρκαϊὴν οἴνῳ σβέσαν· ὀστέα δʼ αὐτοῦ φαίνετʼ ἀριφραδέως, ἐπεὶ οὐχ ἑτέροισιν ὁμοῖα 725ἦν, ἀλλʼ οἷα Γίγαντος ἀτειρέος, οὐδὲ μὲν ἄλλα σὺν κείνοις ἐμέμικτʼ , ἐπεὶ ἦ βόες ἠδὲ καὶ ἵπποι καὶ παῖδες Τρώων μίγδα κταμένοισι καὶ ἄλλοις βαιὸν ἄπωθε κέοντο περὶ νέκυν, ὃς δʼ ἐνὶ μέσσοις ῥιπῇ ὕφʼ Ἡφαίστοιο δεδμημένος οἶος ἔκειτο. 730τοῦ δὲ καὶ ὀστέα πάντα περιστενάχοντες ἑταῖροι ἄλλεγον ἐς χηλὸν πολυχανδέα τε βριαρήν τε ἀργυρέην, χρυσῷ δὲ διαυγέϊ πᾶσʼ ἐκέκαστο· καὶ τὰ μὲν ἀμβροσίῃ καὶ ἀλείφασι πάγχυ δίηναν κοῦραι Νηρῆος μέγʼ Ἀχιλλέα κυδαίνουσαι, 735ἐς δὲ βοῶν δημὸν θέσαν ἀθρόα πάγχυ χέασαι σὺν μέλιτι λιαρῷ· μήτηρ δέ οἱ ἀμφιφορῆα ὤπασε, τόν ῥα πάροιθε Διώνυσος πόρε δῶρον, Ἡφαίστου κλυτὸν ἔργον ἐΰφρονος· ᾧ ἔνι θῆκαν ὀστέʼ Ἀχιλλῆος μεγαλήτορος· ἀμφὶ δὲ τύμβον 740Ἀργεῖοι καὶ σῆμα πελώριον ἀμφεβάλοντο ἀκτῇ ἐπʼ ἀκροτάτῃ παρὰ βένθεσιν Ἑλλησπόντου Μυρμιδόνων βασιλῆα θρασὺν περικωκύοντες.

Then, when the fire had last of all consumed
That hero-king, when all the steeds, the men
Slain round the pyre had first been ravined up,
With all the costly offerings laid around
The mighty dead by Achaia’s weeping sons,
The glowing embers did the Myrmidons quench
With wine. Then clear to be discerned were seen
His bones; for nowise like the rest were they,
But like an ancient Giant’s; none beside
With these were blent; for bulls and steeds, and sons
Of Troy, with all that mingled hecatomb,
Lay in a wide ring round his corse, and he
Amidst them, flame-devoured, lay there alone.
So his companions groaning gathered up
His bones, and in a silver casket laid
Massy and deep, and banded and bestarred
With flashing gold; and Nereus’ daughters shed
Ambrosia over them, and precious nards
For honour to Achilles: fat of kine
And amber honey poured they over all.
A golden vase his mother gave, the gift
In old time of the Wine-god, glorious work
Of the craft-master Fire-god, in the which
They laid the casket that enclosed the bones
Of mighty-souled Achilles. All around
The Argives heaped a barrow, a giant sign,
Upon a foreland’s uttermost end, beside
The Hellespont’s deep waters, wailing loud
Farewells unto the Myrmidons’ hero-king.

743οὐδὲ μὲν ἄμβροτοι ἵπποι ἀταρβέος Αἰακίδαο μίμνον ἀδάκρυτοι παρὰ νήεσιν, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοὶ 745μύροντο σφετέροιο δαϊκταμένου βασιλῆος, οὐδʼ ἔθελον μογεροῖσιν ἔτʼ ἀνδράσιν οὐδὲ μὲν ἵπποις μίσγεσθʼ Ἀργείων ὀλοὸν περὶ πένθος ἔχοντες, ἀλλʼ ὑπὲρ ὠκεανοῖο ῥοὰς καὶ Τηθύος ἄντρα ἀνθρώπων ἀπάτερθεν ὀϊζυρῶν φορέεσθαι, 750ἧχί σφεας τὸ πάροιθεν ἐγείνατο δῖα Ποδάργη ἄμφω ἀελλόποδας Ζεφύρῳ κελάδοντι μιγεῖσα. καί νύ κεν αἶψʼ ἐτέλεσσαν ὅσα σφίσι μήδετο θυμός, εἰ μή σφεας κατέρυξε θεῶν νόος, ὄφρʼ Ἀχιλῆος ἔλθοι ἀπὸ Σκύροιο θοὸς πάϊς, ὅν ῥα καὶ αὐτοὶ 755δέχνυνθʼ , ὁππόθʼ ἵκοιτο ποτὶ στρατόν, οὕνεκʼ ἄρα σφι θέσφατα γεινομένοισι Χάους ἱεροῖο θύγατρες Μοῖραι ἐπεκλώσαντο καὶ ἀθανάτοις περ ἐοῦσι πρῶτα Ποσειδάωνι δαμήμεναι, αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα θαρσαλέῳ Πηλῆι καὶ ἀκαμάτῳ Ἀχιλῆι, 760τέτρατον αὖτʼ ἐπὶ τοῖσι Νεοπτολέμῳ μεγαθύμῳ, τὸν καὶ ἐς Ἠλύσιον πεδίον μετόπισθεν ἔμελλον Ζηνὸς ὑπʼ ἐννεσίῃσι φέρειν μακάρων ἐπὶ γαῖαν. τοὔνεκα καὶ στυγερῇ βεβολημένοι ἦτορ ἀνίῃ μίμνον πὰρ νήεσσιν ἑὸν κατὰ θυμὸν ἄνακτα 765τὸν μὲν ἀκηχέμενοι τὸν δʼ αὖ ποθέοντες ἰδέσθαι. καὶ τότʼ ἐριγδούποιο λιπὼν ἁλὸς ὄβριμον οἶδμα ἤλυθεν Ἐννοσίγαιος ἐπʼ ᾐόνας· οὐδέ μιν ἄνδρες ἔδρακον, ἀλλὰ θεῇσι παρίστατο Νηρηίνῃς· καί ῥα Θέτιν προσέειπεν ἔτʼ ἀχνυμένην Λ̓χιλῆος· 770ἴσχεο νῦν περὶ παιδὸς ἀπειρέσιον γοόωσα· οὐ γὰρ ὅ γε φθιμένοισι μετέσσεται, ἀλλὰ θεοῖσιν ὡς ἀῢς Διόνυσος ἰδὲ σθένος Ἡρακλῆος· οὐ γάρ μιν μόρος αἰνὸς ὑπὸ ζόφον αἰὲν ἐρύξει οὐδʼ Ἀΐδης, ἀλλʼ αἶψα καὶ ἐς Διὸς ἵξεται αὐγάς· 775καί οἱ δῶρον ἔγωγε θεουδέα νῆσον ὀπάσσω Εὔξεινον κατὰ πόντον, ὅπῃ θεὸς ἔσσεται αἰεὶ σὸς πάϊς· ἀμφὶ δὲ φῦλα περικτιόνων μέγα λαῶν κεῖνον κυδαίνοντα θυηπολίῃς ἐρατεινῇς ἶσον ἐμοὶ τίσουσι· σὺ δʼ ἴσχεο κωκύουσα 780ἐσσυμένως καὶ μή τι χαλέπτεο πένθεϊ θυμόν.

Nor stayed the immortal steeds of Aeacus’ son
Tearless beside the ships; they also mourned
Their slain king: sorely loth were they to abide
Longer mid mortal men or Argive steeds
Bearing a burden of consuming grief;
But fain were they to soar through air, afar
From wretched men, over the Ocean’s streams,
Over the Sea-queen’s caverns, unto where
Divine Podarge bare that storm-foot twain
Begotten of the West-wind clarion-voiced
Yea, and they had accomplished their desire,
But the Gods’ purpose held them back, until
From Scyros’ isle Achilles’ fleetfoot son
Should come. Him waited they to welcome, when
He came unto the war-host; for the Fates,
Daughters of holy Chaos, at their birth
Had spun the life-threads of those deathless foals,
Even to serve Poseidon first, and next
Peleus the dauntless king, Achilles then
The invincible, and, after these, the fourth,
The mighty-hearted Neoptolemus,
Whom after death to the Elysian Plain
They were to bear, unto the Blessed Land,
By Zeus’ decree. For which cause, though their hearts
Were pierced with bitter anguish, they abode
Still by the ships, with spirits sorrowing
For their old lord, and yearning for the new.

Then from the surge of heavy-plunging seas
Rose the Earth-shaker. No man saw his feet
Pace up the strand, but suddenly he stood
Beside the Nereid Goddesses, and spake
To Thetis, yet for Achilles bowed with grief:
“Refrain from endless mourning for thy son.
Not with the dead shall he abide, but dwell
With Gods, as doth the might of Herakles,
And Dionysus ever fair. Not him
Dread doom shall prison in darkness evermore,
Nor Hades keep him. To the light of Zeus
Soon shall he rise; and I will give to him
A holy island for my gift: it lies
Within the Euxine Sea: there evermore
A God thy son shall be. The tribes that dwell
Around shall as mine own self honour him
With incense and with steam of sacrifice.
Hush thy laments, vex not thine heart with grief.”

781ὣς ἐπὼν ἐπὶ πόντον ἀπήιεν εἴκελος αὔρῃ παρφάμενος μύθοισι Θέτιν· τῆς δʼ ἐν φρεσὶ θυμὸς βαιὸν ἀνέπνευσεν· τὰ δέ οἱ θεὸς ἐξετέλεσσεν. Ἀργεῖοι δὲ γοῶντες ἀπήιον, ᾗχι ἑκάστῳ 785νῆες ἔσαν, τὰς ἦγον ἀφʼ Ἑλλάδος· αἱ δʼ Ἑλικῶνα Πιερίδες νίσσοντο, καὶ εἰς ἄλα Νηρηῖναι δῦσαν ἀναστενάχουσαι ἐΰφρονα Πηλείωνα.

Then like a wind-breath had he passed away
Over the sea, when that consoling word
Was spoken; and a little in her breast
Revived the spirit of Thetis: and the God
Brought this to pass thereafter. All the host
Moved moaning thence, and came unto the ships
That brought them o’er from Hellas. Then returned
To Helicon the Muses: ‘neath the sea,
Wailing the dear dead, Nereus’ Daughters sank,

People and places in this passage

English translation by A. S. Way (1913). Original text: Arnold Zimmermann (ed.), Quinti Smyrnaei Posthomericorum libri XIV, Leipzig: Teubner, 1891 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

The Fall of Troy Book 3, lines 665–787: The pyre of Achilles