Euripides · Trojan Women Τρῳάδες

Euripides, Trojan Women 895–965: Third episode: Helen defends herself

Helen, brought out by force, asks to be heard. Hecuba asks that she not be killed for want of a hearing, and that she herself be allowed to reply, and Menelaus says that he will grant it only because of her words. Helen says that Hecuba is to blame for having borne Paris, that Priam is to blame for not killing the infant, that the goddesses' judgment brought the quarrel about, and that Aphrodite, who made Paris a husband for her, was irresistible.

Lines 895–965 · 665 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἑλένη 895Μενέλαε, φροίμιον μὲν ἄξιον φόβου τόδʼ ἐστίν· ἐν γὰρ χερσὶ προσπόλων σέθεν βίᾳ πρὸ τῶνδε δωμάτων ἐκπέμπομαι. ἀτὰρ σχεδὸν μὲν οἶδά σοι μισουμένη, ὅμως δʼ ἐρέσθαι βούλομαι· γνῶμαι τίνες 900Ἕλλησι καὶ σοὶ τῆς ἐμῆς ψυχῆς πέρι; Μενέλαος οὐκ εἰς ἀκριβὲς ἦλθες, ἀλλʼ ἅπας στρατὸς κτανεῖν ἐμοί σʼ ἔδωκεν, ὅνπερ ἠδίκεις. Ἑλένη ἔξεστιν οὖν πρὸς ταῦτʼ ἀμείψασθαι λόγῳ, ὡς οὐ δικαίως, ἢν θάνω, θανούμεθα; Μενέλαος 905οὐκ ἐς λόγους ἐλήλυθʼ, ἀλλά σε κτενῶν. Ἑκάβη ἄκουσον αὐτῆς, μὴ θάνῃ τοῦδʼ ἐνδεής, Μενέλαε, καὶ δὸς τοὺς ἐναντίους λόγους ἡμῖν κατʼ αὐτῆς· τῶν γὰρ ἐν Τροίᾳ κακῶν οὐδὲν κάτοισθα. συντεθεὶς δʼ ὁ πᾶς λόγος 910κτενεῖ νιν οὕτως ὥστε μηδαμοῦ φυγεῖν. Μενέλαος σχολῆς τὸ δῶρον· εἰ δὲ βούλεται λέγειν, ἔξεστι. τῶν σῶν δʼ οὕνεχʼ — ὡς μάθῃ — λόγων δώσω τόδʼ αὐτῇ· τῆσδε δʼ οὐ δώσω χάριν. Ἑλένη ἴσως με, κἂν εὖ κἂν κακῶς δόξω λέγειν, 915οὐκ ἀνταμείψῃ πολεμίαν ἡγούμενος. ἐγὼ δʼ, ἅ σʼ οἶμαι διὰ λόγων ἰόντʼ ἐμοῦ κατηγορήσειν, ἀντιθεῖσʼ ἀμείψομαι τοῖς σοῖσι τἀμὰ καὶ τὰ σʼ αἰτιάματα. πρῶτον μὲν ἀρχὰς ἔτεκεν ἥδε τῶν κακῶν, 920Πάριν τεκοῦσα· δεύτερον δʼ ἀπώλεσε Τροίαν τε κἄμʼ ὁ πρέσβυς οὐ κτανὼν βρέφος, δαλοῦ πικρὸν μίμημʼ, Ἀλέξανδρόν ποτε. ἐνθένδε τἀπίλοιπʼ ἄκουσον ὡς ἔχει. ἔκρινε τρισσὸν ζεῦγος ὅδε τριῶν θεῶν· 925καὶ Παλλάδος μὲν ἦν Ἀλεξάνδρῳ δόσις Φρυξὶ στρατηγοῦνθʼ Ἑλλάδʼ ἐξανιστάναι, Ἥρα δʼ ὑπέσχετʼ Ἀσιάδʼ Εὐρώπης θʼ ὅρους τυραννίδʼ ἕξειν, εἴ σφε κρίνειεν Πάρις· Κύπρις δὲ τοὐμὸν εἶδος ἐκπαγλουμένη 930δώσειν ὑπέσχετʼ, εἰ θεὰς ὑπερδράμοι κάλλει. τὸν ἔνθεν δʼ ὡς ἔχει σκέψαι λόγον· νικᾷ Κύπρις θεάς, καὶ τοσόνδʼ οὑμοὶ γάμοι ὤνησαν Ἑλλάδʼ· οὐ κρατεῖσθʼ ἐκ βαρβάρων, οὔτʼ ἐς δόρυ σταθέντες, οὐ τυραννίδι. 935ἃ δʼ εὐτύχησεν Ἑλλάς, ὠλόμην ἐγὼ εὐμορφίᾳ πραθεῖσα, κὠνειδίζομαι ἐξ ὧν ἐχρῆν με στέφανον ἐπὶ κάρᾳ λαβεῖν. οὔπω με φήσεις αὐτὰ τἀν ποσὶν λέγειν, ὅπως ἀφώρμησʼ ἐκ δόμων τῶν σῶν λάθρα. 940ἦλθʼ οὐχὶ μικρὰν θεὸν ἔχων αὑτοῦ μέτα ὁ τῆσδʼ ἀλάστωρ, εἴτʼ Ἀλέξανδρον θέλεις ὀνόματι προσφωνεῖν νιν εἴτε καὶ Πάριν· ὅν, ὦ κάκιστε, σοῖσιν ἐν δόμοις λιπὼν Σπάρτης ἀπῆρας νηὶ Κρησίαν χθόνα.

Helen Menelaus! this prelude well may fill me with alarm; for I am taken with violence by your servants’ hands and brought before these tents. Still, though I am sure you hate me, yet I want to inquire what you and Hellas have decided about my life.

Menelaus To judge your case required no great exactness; the army with one consent, that army whom you wronged, handed you over to me to die.

Helen May I answer this decision, proving that my death, if I am to die, will be unjust?

Menelaus I came not to argue, but to slay you.

Hecuba Hear her, Menelaus; let her not die for want of that, and let me answer her again, for you know nothing of her villainies in Troy; and the whole case, if summed up, will insure her death against all chance of an escape.

Menelaus This gift needs leisure; still, if she wishes to speak, she may. Yet I will grant her this because of your words, that she may hear them, and not for her own sake.

Helen Perhaps you will not answer me, from counting me a foe, whether my words seem good or ill. Yet I will put my charges and yours over against each other, and then reply to the accusations I suppose you will advance against me. First, then, that woman was the author of these troubles by giving birth to Paris; next, old Priam ruined Troy and me, because he did not slay his child Alexander, baleful semblance of a fire-brand, long ago. Hear what followed. This man was to judge the claims of three rival goddesses; so Pallas offered him command of all the Phrygians, and the destruction of Hellas; Hera promised he should spread his dominion over Asia, and the utmost bounds of Europe, if he would decide for her; but Cypris spoke in rapture of my loveliness, and promised him this gift, if she should have the preference over those two for beauty. Now mark the inference I deduce from this; Cypris won the day over the goddesses, and thus far has my marriage proved of benefit to Hellas, that you are not subject to barbarian rule, neither vanquished in the strife, nor yet by tyrants crushed. What Hellas gained, was ruin to me, sold for my beauty, and now I am reproached for that which should have set a crown upon my head. But you will say I am silent on the real matter at hand, how it was I started forth and left your house by stealth. With no small goddess at his side he came, my evil genius, call him Alexander or Paris, as you will; and you, villain, left him behind in your house, and sailed away from Sparta to the land of Crete.

Helen

945εἶἑν. οὐ σέ, ἀλλʼ ἐμαυτὴν τοὐπὶ τῷδʼ ἐρήσομαι· τί δὴ φρονοῦσά γʼ ἐκ δόμων ἅμʼ ἑσπόμην ξένῳ, προδοῦσα πατρίδα καὶ δόμους ἐμούς; τὴν θεὸν κόλαζε καὶ Διὸς κρείσσων γενοῦ, ὃς τῶν μὲν ἄλλων δαιμόνων ἔχει κράτος, 950κείνης δὲ δοῦλός ἐστι· συγγνώμη δʼ ἐμοί. ἔνθεν δʼ ἔχοις ἂν εἰς ἔμʼ εὐπρεπῆ λόγον· ἐπεὶ θανὼν γῆς ἦλθʼ Ἀλέξανδρος μυχούς, χρῆν μʼ, ἡνίκʼ οὐκ ἦν θεοπόνητά μου λέχη, λιποῦσαν οἴκους ναῦς ἐπʼ Ἀργείων μολεῖν. 955ἔσπευδον αὐτὸ τοῦτο· μάρτυρες δέ μοι πύργων πυλωροὶ κἀπὸ τειχέων σκοποί, οἳ πολλάκις μʼ ἐφηῦρον ἐξ ἐπάλξεων πλεκταῖσιν ἐς γῆν σῶμα κλέπτουσαν τόδε. πῶς οὖν ἔτʼ ἂν θνῄσκοιμʼ ἂν ἐνδίκως, πόσι, […] πρὸς σοῦ δικαίως, ἣν ὁ μὲν βίᾳ γαμεῖ, τὰ δʼ οἴκοθεν κεῖνʼ ἀντὶ νικητηρίων πικρῶς ἐδούλευσʼ; εἰ δὲ τῶν θεῶν κρατεῖν 965βούλῃ, τὸ χρῄζειν ἀμαθές ἐστί σου τόδε.

Enough of this! For all that followed I must question myself, not you; what thought led me to follow the stranger from your house, traitress to my country and my home? Punish the goddess, show yourself more mighty even than Zeus, who, though he lords it over the other gods, is her slave; therefore I may well be pardoned. Still, from this you might draw a specious argument against me; when Paris died, and earth concealed his corpse, I should have left his house and sought the Argive fleet, since my marriage was no longer in the hands of gods. That was what I was eager to do; and the warders on the towers and watchmen on the walls can bear me witness, for often they found me seeking to let myself down stealthily by cords from the battlements . How then, my lord, could I be justly put to death . . . by you, with any show of right, seeing that he wedded me against my will, and those my other natural gifts have served a bitter slavery, instead of leading on to triumph? If it is your will indeed to master gods, that very wish displays your folly.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.