Euripides · Trojan Women Τρῳάδες

Euripides, Trojan Women 634–685: Second episode: Andromache's speech on slavery

Andromache says that it is the same never to have been born as to be dead, and that she has tried to live blamelessly as Hector's wife and has been given to the son of Achilles, his murderer's heir. She says that she must hate the house where she is to serve, or else be hated by the one she serves, and Hecuba tells her to live for her son.

Lines 634–685 · 505 words · click a number to copy its link

Andromache

634ὦ μῆτερ, ὦ τεκοῦσα, κάλλιστον λόγον 635ἄκουσον, ὥς σοι τέρψιν ἐμβαλῶ φρενί. τὸ μὴ γενέσθαι τῷ θανεῖν ἴσον λέγω, τοῦ ζῆν δὲ λυπρῶς κρεῖσσόν ἐστι κατθανεῖν. ἀλγεῖ γὰρ οὐδὲν τῶν κακῶν ᾐσθημένος· ὁ δʼ εὐτυχήσας ἐς τὸ δυστυχὲς πεσὼν 640ψυχὴν ἀλᾶται τῆς πάροιθʼ εὐπραξίας. κείνη δʼ, ὁμοίως ὥσπερ οὐκ ἰδοῦσα φῶς, τέθνηκε κοὐδὲν οἶδε τῶν αὑτῆς κακῶν. ἐγὼ δὲ τοξεύσασα τῆς εὐδοξίας λαχοῦσα πλεῖον τῆς τύχης ἡμάρτανον. 645ἃ γὰρ γυναιξὶ σώφρονʼ ἔσθʼ ηὑρημένα, ταῦτʼ ἐξεμόχθουν Ἕκτορος κατὰ στέγας. πρῶτον μέν, ἔνθα — κἂν προσῇ κἂν μὴ προσῇ ψόγος γυναιξίν — αὐτὸ τοῦτʼ ἐφέλκεται κακῶς ἀκούειν, ἥτις οὐκ ἔνδον μένει, 650τούτου παρεῖσα πόθον ἔμιμνον ἐν δόμοις· ἔσω τε μελάθρων κομψὰ θηλειῶν ἔπη οὐκ εἰσεφρούμην, τὸν δὲ νοῦν διδάσκαλον οἴκοθεν ἔχουσα χρηστὸν ἐξήρκουν ἐμοί. γλώσσης τε σιγὴν ὄμμα θʼ ἥσυχον πόσει 655παρεῖχον· ᾔδη δʼ ἁμὲ χρῆν νικᾶν πόσιν, κείνῳ τε νίκην ὧν ἐχρῆν παριέναι. καὶ τῶνδε κληδὼν ἐς στράτευμʼ Ἀχαιϊκὸν ἐλθοῦσʼ ἀπώλεσέν μʼ· ἐπεὶ γὰρ ᾑρέθην, Ἀχιλλέως με παῖς ἐβουλήθη λαβεῖν 660δάμαρτα· δουλεύσω δʼ ἐν αὐθεντῶν δόμοις. κεἰ μὲν παρώσασʼ Ἕκτορος φίλον κάρα πρὸς τὸν παρόντα πόσιν ἀναπτύξω φρένα, κακὴ φανοῦμαι τῷ θανόντι· τόνδε δʼ αὖ στυγοῦσʼ ἐμαυτῆς δεσπόταις μισήσομαι. 665καίτοι λέγουσιν ὡς μίʼ εὐφρόνη χαλᾷ τὸ δυσμενὲς γυναικὸς εἰς ἀνδρὸς λέχος· ἀπέπτυσʼ αὐτήν, ἥτις ἄνδρα τὸν πάρος καινοῖσι λέκτροις ἀποβαλοῦσʼ ἄλλον φιλεῖ. ἀλλʼ οὐδὲ πῶλος ἥτις ἂν διαζυγῇ 670τῆς συντραφείσης, ῥᾳδίως ἕλξει ζυγόν. καίτοι τὸ θηριῶδες ἄφθογγόν τʼ ἔφυ ξυνέσει τʼ ἄχρηστον τῇ φύσει τε λείπεται.

Hear, O mother of children! give ear to what I urge so well, that I may cheer my drooping spirit. It is all one, I say, never to have been born and to be dead, and better far is death than life with misery. For the dead feel no sorrow any more and know no grief; but he who has known prosperity and has fallen on evil days feels his spirit straying from the scene of former joys. Now that child of yours is dead as though she never had seen the light, and little she knows of her calamity; whereas I, who aimed at a fair repute, though I won a higher lot than most, yet missed my luck in life. For all that stamps the wife a woman chaste, I strove to do in Hector’s home. In the first place, whether there is a slur upon a woman, or whether there is not, the very fact of her not staying at home brings in its train an evil name; therefore I gave up any longing to do so, and stayed within my house; nor would I admit indoors the clever gossip women love, but conscious of a heart that told an honest tale I was content. And ever would I keep a silent tongue and modest eye before my husband; and well I knew where I might rule him, and where it was best to yield. Report of this has reached the Achaean army, and proved my ruin; for when I was taken captive, Achilles’ son would have me as his wife, and I must serve in the house of murderers. And if I set aside my love for Hector, and open my heart to this new lord, I shall appear a traitress to the dead, while, if I hate him, I shall incur my master’s displeasure. And yet they say a single night removes a woman’s dislike for her husband; I despise the woman who, when she has lost her former husband, transfers her love by marrying another. Not even the horse, if parted from her stablemate, will cheerfully draw the yoke; and animals have neither speech nor sense to help them, and are by nature man’s inferiors.

Ἀνδρομάχη 673σὲ δʼ, ὦ φίλʼ Ἕκτορ, εἶχον ἄνδρʼ ἀρκοῦντά μοι ξυνέσει γένει πλούτῳ τε κἀνδρείᾳ μέγαν· 675ἀκήρατον δέ μʼ ἐκ πατρὸς λαβὼν δόμων πρῶτος τὸ παρθένειον ἐζεύξω λέχος. καὶ νῦν ὄλωλας μὲν σύ, ναυσθλοῦμαι δʼ ἐγὼ πρὸς Ἑλλάδʼ αἰχμάλωτος ἐς δοῦλον ζυγόν. ἆρʼ οὐκ ἐλάσσω τῶν ἐμῶν ἔχειν κακῶν 680Πολυξένης ὄλεθρος, ἣν καταστένεις; ἐμοὶ γὰρ οὐδʼ ὃ πᾶσι λείπεται βροτοῖς ξύνεστιν ἐλπίς, οὐδὲ κλέπτομαι φρένας πράξειν τι κεδνόν· ἡδὺ δʼ ἐστὶ καὶ δοκεῖν. Χορός ἐς ταὐτὸν ἥκεις συμφορᾶς· θρηνοῦσα δὲ 685τὸ σὸν διδάσκεις μʼ ἔνθα πημάτων κυρῶ.

Andromache O my dear Hector, in you I found a husband amply dowered with wisdom, noble birth and fortune, a brave man and a mighty; while you took from my father’s house a spotless bride, yourself the first to make this maiden wife. But now death has claimed you, and I am soon to sail to Hellas, a captive doomed to wear the yoke of slavery. Has not then the dead Polyxena, for whom you wail, less evil to bear than I? I have not so much as hope, the last resource of every human heart, nor do I beguile myself with dreams of future bliss, the very thought of which is sweet.

Chorus Leader You are in the same plight as I; your lamentations for yourself remind me of my own sad case.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.