Euripides · Trojan Women Τρῳάδες

Euripides, Trojan Women 462–510: First episode: Hecuba collapses in despair

The Chorus sees Hecuba sinking speechless to the ground, and she tells her women to leave her where she lies, saying that her sufferings, past and to come, claim her. She says that no man should be thought happy until he has died, and she mourns her husband, her children and her city.

Lines 462–510 · 465 words · click a number to copy its link
Χορός 462Ἑκάβης γεραιᾶς φύλακες, οὐ δεδόρκατε δέσποιναν ὡς ἄναυδος ἐκτάδην πίτνει; οὐκ ἀντιλήψεσθʼ; ἦ μεθήσετʼ, ὦ κακαί, 465γραῖαν πεσοῦσαν; αἴρετʼ εἰς ὀρθὸν δέμας. Ἑκάβη ἐᾶτέ μʼ — οὔτοι φίλα τὰ μὴ φίλʼ, ὦ κόραι — κεῖσθαι πεσοῦσαν· πτωμάτων γὰρ ἄξια πάσχω τε καὶ πέπονθα κἄτι πείσομαι. ὦ θεοί […] κακοὺς μὲν ἀνακαλῶ τοὺς συμμάχους, 470ὅμως δʼ ἔχει τι σχῆμα κικλήσκειν θεούς, ὅταν τις ἡμῶν δυστυχῆ λάβῃ τύχην. πρῶτον μὲν οὖν μοι τἀγάθʼ ἐξᾷσαι φίλον· τοῖς γὰρ κακοῖσι πλείονʼ οἶκτον ἐμβαλῶ. ἦμεν τύραννοι κἀς τύραννʼ ἐγημάμην, 475κἀνταῦθʼ ἀριστεύοντʼ ἐγεινάμην τέκνα, οὐκ ἀριθμὸν ἄλλως, ἀλλʼ ὑπερτάτους Φρυγῶν· οὓς Τρῳὰς οὐδʼ Ἑλληνὶς οὐδὲ βάρβαρος γυνὴ τεκοῦσα κομπάσειεν ἄν ποτε. κἀκεῖνά τʼ εἶδον δορὶ πεσόνθʼ Ἑλληνικῷ 480τρίχας τʼ ἐτμήθην τάσδε πρὸς τύμβοις νεκρῶν, καὶ τὸν φυτουργὸν Πρίαμον οὐκ ἄλλων πάρα κλύουσʼ ἔκλαυσα, τοῖσδε δʼ εἶδον ὄμμασιν αὐτὴ κατασφαγέντʼ ἐφʼ ἑρκείῳ πυρᾷ, πόλιν θʼ ἁλοῦσαν. ἃς δʼ ἔθρεψα παρθένους 485ἐς ἀξίωμα νυμφίων ἐξαίρετον, ἄλλοισι θρέψασʼ ἐκ χερῶν ἀφῃρέθην. κοὔτʼ ἐξ ἐκείνων ἐλπὶς ὡς ὀφθήσομαι, αὐτή τʼ ἐκείνας οὐκέτʼ ὄψομαί ποτε. τὸ λοίσθιον δέ, θριγκὸς ἀθλίων κακῶν, 490δούλη γυνὴ γραῦς Ἑλλάδʼ εἰσαφίξομαι. ἃ δʼ ἐστὶ γήρᾳ τῷδʼ ἀσυμφορώτατα, τούτοις με προσθήσουσιν, ἢ θυρῶν λάτριν κλῇδας φυλάσσειν, τὴν τεκοῦσαν Ἕκτορα, ἢ σιτοποιεῖν, κἀν πέδῳ κοίτας ἔχειν 495ῥυσοῖσι νώτοις, βασιλικῶν ἐκ δεμνίων, τρυχηρὰ περὶ τρυχηρὸν εἱμένην χρόα πέπλων λακίσματʼ, ἀδόκιμʼ ὀλβίοις ἔχειν. οἲ ʼγὼ τάλαινα, διὰ γάμον μιᾶς ἕνα γυναικὸς οἵων ἔτυχον ὧν τε τεύξομαι. 500ὦ τέκνον, ὦ σύμβακχε Κασάνδρα θεοῖς, οἵαις ἔλυσας συμφοραῖς ἅγνευμα σόν. σύ τʼ, ὦ τάλαινα, ποῦ ποτʼ εἶ, Πολυξένη; ὡς οὔτε μʼ ἄρσην οὔτε θήλεια σπορὰ πολλῶν γενομένων τὴν τάλαιναν ὠφελεῖ. 505τί δῆτά μʼ ὀρθοῦτʼ; ἐλπίδων ποίων ὕπο; ἄγετε τὸν ἁβρὸν δήποτʼ ἐν Τροίᾳ πόδα, νῦν δʼ ὄντα δοῦλον, στιβάδα πρὸς χαμαιπετῆ πέτρινά τε κρήδεμνʼ, ὡς πεσοῦσʼ ἀποφθαρῶ δακρύοις καταξανθεῖσα. τῶν δʼ εὐδαιμόνων 510μηδένα νομίζετʼ εὐτυχεῖν, πρὶν ἂν θάνῃ.

Chorus Leader You guardians of the grey-haired Hecuba, see how your mistress is sinking speechless to the ground! Take hold of her! will you let her fall, you worthless slaves? lift up again, from where it lies, her withered body.

Hecuba Leave me, my maidens—unwelcome service does not grow welcome—lying where I fell; my sufferings now, my troubles past, afflictions yet to come, all claim this lowly posture. Gods of heaven! small help I find in calling such allies, yet is there something in the form of invoking heaven, whenever we fall on evil days. First I will sing of my former blessings; so shall I inspire the greater pity for my present woes. Born to royal estate and wedded to a royal lord, I was the mother of a race of gallant sons; no mere ciphers they, but Phrygia’s chiefest pride, children such as no Trojan or Hellenic or barbarian mother ever had to boast. All these have I seen slain by the spear of Hellas, and at their tombs have I shorn off my hair; with these my eyes I saw their father, Priam, butchered on his own hearth, and my city captured, nor did others bring this bitter news to me. The maidens I brought up to see chosen for some marriage high, for strangers have I reared them, and seen them snatched away. Nevermore can I hope to be seen by them, nor shall my eyes behold them ever in the days to come. And last, to crown my misery, I shall be brought to Hellas, a slave in my old age. And there the tasks that least befit the evening of my life will they impose on me, Hector’s mother, to watch their gates and keep the keys, or bake their bread, and on the ground instead of my royal bed lay down my shrunken limbs, with tattered rags about my wasted frame, a shameful garb for those who once were prosperous. Ah, woe is me! and this is what I bear and am to bear for one woman’s marriage! O my daughter, O Cassandra! whom gods have summoned to their frenzied train, how cruel the lot that ends your virgin days! And you, Polyxena! my child of sorrow, where, oh! where are you? None of all the many sons and daughters I have born comes to aid a wretched mother. Why then raise me up? What hope is left us? Guide me, who before trod so daintily the streets of Troy, but now am a slave, to a bed upon the ground, near some rocky ridge, that from there I may cast myself down and perish, after I have wasted my body with weeping. Of all the prosperous crowd, count none a happy man before he die.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.