ἐκ δὴ τῶν ὑπὸ τοῦ ποιητοῦ λεγομένων εἰκάζουσιν οἱ φροντίσαντες περὶ τούτων πλέον τι, πᾶσαν τὴν παραλίαν ταύτην ὑπὸ τοῖς Τρωσὶ γεγονέναι, διῃρημένην μὲν εἰς δυναστείας ἐννέα, ὑπὸ δὲ τῷ Πριάμῳ τεταγμένην κατὰ τὸν Ἰλιακὸν πόλεμον καὶ λεγομένην Τροίαν· δῆλον δὲ ἐκ τῶν κατὰ μέρος. οἱ γὰρ περὶ τὸν Ἀχιλλέα τειχήρεις ὁρῶντες τοὺς Ἰλιέας κατʼ ἀρχάς, ἔξω ποιεῖσθαι τὸν πόλεμον ἐπεχείρησαν καὶ περιιόντες ἀφαιρεῖσθαι τὰ κύκλῳ δώδεκα δὴ σὺν νηυσὶ πόλεις ἀλάπαξʼ ἀνθρώπων, / πεζὸς δʼ ἕνδεκά φημι κατὰ Τροίην ἐρίβωλον. / Τροίαν γὰρ λέγει τὴν πεπορθημένην ἤπειρον· πεπόρθηται δὲ σὺν ἄλλοις τόποις καὶ τὰ ἀντικείμενα τῇ Λέσβῳ τὰ περὶ Θήβην καὶ Λυρνησσὸν καὶ Πήδασον τὴν τῶν Λελέγων καὶ ἔτι ἡ τοῦ Εὐρυπύλου τοῦ Τηλέφου παιδός ἀλλʼ οἷον τὸν Τηλεφίδην κατενήρατο χαλκῷ / ὁ Νεοπτόλεμος ἥρω Εὐρύπυλον. ταῦτα δὴ πεπορθῆσθαι λέγει καὶ αὐτὴν τὴν Λέσβον ὅτε Λέσβον ἐυκτιμένην ἕλεν αὐτός. / καὶ πέρσε δὲ Λυρνησσὸν καὶ Πήδασον / καὶ Λυρνησσὸν διαπορθήσας καὶ τείχεα Θήβης. / ἐκ μὲν Λυρνησσοῦ ἡ Βρισηὶς ἑάλω τὴν ἐκ Λυρνησσοῦ ἐξείλετο. / ἧς ἐν τῇ ἁλώσει τὸν Μύνητα πεσεῖν φησιν, ὡς ἡ Βρισηὶς θρηνοῦσα τὸν Πάτροκλον δηλοῖ οὐδὲ μὲν οὐδέ μʼ ἔασκες, ὅτʼ ἄνδρʼ ἐμὸν ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεὺς / ἔκτεινεν, πέρσεν δὲ πόλιν θείοιο Μύνητος, / κλαίειν. / ἐμφαίνει γὰρ τὴν Λυρνησσὸν λέγων πόλιν θείοιο Μύνητος, ὡς ἂν δυναστευομένην ὑπʼ αὐτοῦ, καὶ ἐνταῦθα πεσεῖν αὐτὸν μαχόμενον. ἐκ δὲ τῆς Θήβης ἡ Χρυσηὶς ἐλήφθη ᾠχόμεθʼ ἐς Θήβην ἱερὴν πόλιν Ἠετίωνος. / ἐκ δὲ τῶν ἀχθέντων ἐκεῖθεν φησὶν εἶναι τὴν Χρυσηίδα. ἐνθένδε δʼ ἦν καὶ ἡ Ἀνδρομάχη. Ἀνδρομάχη θυγάτηρ μεγαλήτορος Ἠετίωνος, / Ἠετίων, ὃς ἔναιεν ὑπὸ Πλάκῳ ὑληέσσῃ, / Θήβῃ ὑποπλακίῃ, Κιλίκεσσʼ ἄνδρεσσιν ἀνάσσων. / δευτέρα οὖν αὕτη δυναστεία Τρωικὴ μετὰ τὴν ὑπὸ Μύνητι. οἰκείως δὲ τούτοις καὶ τὸ ὑπὸ τῆς Ἀνδρομάχης λεχθὲν οὕτως Ἕκτορ, ἐγὼ δύστηνος· ἰῇ ἄρα γεινόμεθʼ αἴσῃ / ἀμφότεροι, σὺ μὲν ἐν Τροίῃ Πριάμου ἐνὶ οἴκῳ, / αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ Θήβῃσιν, / οὐκ οἴονται δεῖν ἐξ εὐθείας ἀκούειν, ἀλλὰ καθʼ ὑπερβατόν ἀμφότεροι ἐν Τροίῃ, σὺ μὲν Πριάμου ἐνὶ οἴκῳ, αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ Θήβῃσι. τρίτη δʼ ἐστὶν ἡ τῶν Λελέγων, καὶ αὕτη Τρωική, Ἄλτεω, ὃς Λελέγεσσι φιλοπτολέμοισιν ἀνάσσει. / οὗ τῇ θυγατρὶ συνελθὼν Πρίαμος γεννᾷ τὸν Λυκάονα καὶ Πολύδωρον. καὶ μὴν οἵ γε ὑπὸ τῷ Ἕκτορι ἐν τῷ καταλόγῳ ταττόμενοι λέγονται Τρῶες Τρωσὶ μὲν ἡγεμόνευε μέγας κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ. / εἶθʼ οἱ ὑπὸ τῷ Αἰνείᾳ Δαρδανίων αὖτʼ ἦρχεν ἐὺς πάις Ἀγχίσαο / καὶ οὗτοι Τρῶες· φησὶ γοῦν Αἰνεία, Τρώων βουληφόρε. / εἶθʼ οἱ ὑπὸ Πανδάρῳ Λύκιοι, οὓς καὶ αὐτοὺς καλεῖ Τρῶας· οἳ δὲ Ζέλειαν ἔναιον ὑπαὶ πόδα νείατον Ἴδης, / ἀφνειοί, πίνοντες ὕδωρ μέλαν Αἰσήποιο, / Τρῶες· τῶν αὖτʼ ἦρχε Λυκάονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός, / Πάνδαρος. / ἕκτη δʼ αὕτη δυναστεία. καὶ μὴν οἵ γε μεταξὺ τοῦ Αἰσήπου καὶ Ἀβύδου Τρῶες· ὑπὸ μὲν γὰρ τῷ Ἀσίῳ ἐστὶ τὰ περὶ Ἄβυδον οἳ δʼ ἄρα Περκώτην καὶ Πράκτιον ἀμφενέμοντο, / καὶ Σηστὸν καὶ Ἄβυδον ἔχον καὶ δῖαν Ἀρίσβην, / τῶν αὖθʼ Ὑρτακίδης ἦρχʼ Ἄσιος. / ἀλλʼ ἐν Ἀβύδῳ μὲν υἱὸς τοῦ Πριάμου διέτριβεν, ἵππους νέμων, πατρῴας δηλονότι ἀλλʼ υἱὸν Πριάμοιο νόθον βάλε Δημοκόωντα, / ὅς οἱ Ἀβυδόθεν ἦλθε παρʼ ἵππων ὠκειάων. / ἐν δὲ Περκώτῃ υἱὸς Ἱκετάονος ἐβουνόμει οὐκ ἀλλοτρίας οὐδʼ οὗτος βοῦς πρῶτον δʼ Ἱκεταονίδην ἐνένιπεν, / ἴφθιμον Μελάνιππον· ὁ δʼ ὄφρα μὲν εἰλίποδας βοῦς / βόσκʼ ἐν Περκώτῃ. / ὥστε καὶ αὕτη ἂν εἴη Τρῳὰς καὶ ἡ ἐφεξῆς ἕως Ἀδραστείας· ἦρχον γὰρ αὐτῆς υἷε δύω Μέροπος Περκωσίου. / πάντες μὲν δὴ Τρῶες οἱ ἀπὸ Ἀβύδου μέχρι Ἀδραστείας, δίχα μέντοι διῃρημένοι, οἱ μὲν ὑπὸ τῷ Ἀσίῳ οἱ δʼ ὑπὸ τοῖς Μεροπίδαις· καθάπερ καὶ ἡ τῶν Κιλίκων διττή, ἡ μὲν Θηβαϊκὴ ἡ δὲ Λυρνησσίς· ἐν αὐτῇ δʼ ἂν λεχθείη ἡ ὑπὸ Εὐρυπύλῳ ἐφεξῆς οὖσα τῇ Λυρνησσίδι. ὅτι δὲ τούτων ἁπάντων ἦρχεν ὁ Πρίαμος οἱ τοῦ Ἀχιλλέως λόγοι πρὸς τὸν Πρίαμον σαφῶς ἐμφανίζουσι καί σε, γέρον, τὸ πρὶν μὲν ἀκούομεν ὄλβιον εἶναι, / ὅσσον Λέσβος ἄνω Μάκαρος πόλις ἐντὸς ἐέργει, / καὶ Φρυγίη καθύπερθε καὶ Ἑλλήσποντος ἀπείρων. /
Those who have paid particular attention to this subject conjecture, from the expressions of the poet, that all this coast was subject to the Trojans, when it was divided into nine dynasties, but that at the time of the war it was under the sway of Priam, and called Troja. This appears from the detail. Achilles and his army perceiving, at the beginning of the war, that the inhabitants of Ilium were defended by walls, carried on the war beyond them, made a circuit, and took the places about the country; I sacked with my ships twelve cities, and eleven in the fruitful land of Troja. By Troja he means the continent which he had ravaged. Among other places which had been plundered, was the country opposite Lesbos,—that about Thebe, Lyrnessus, and Pedasus belonging to the Leleges, and the territory also of Eurypylus, the son of Telephus; as when he slew with his sword the hero Eurypylus, the son of Telephus; and Neoptolemus, the hero Eurypylus. / The poet says these places were laid waste, and even Lesbos; when he took the well-built Lesbos, / and, he sacked Lyrnessus and Pedasus, / and, laid waste Lyrnessus, and the walls of Thebe. / Briseïs was taken captive at Lyrnessus; whom he carried away from Lyrnessus. / In the capture of this place the poet says, Mynes and Epistrophus were slain, as Briseïs mentions in her lament over Patroclus, Thou didst not permit me, when the swift-footed Achilles slew my husband, and destroyed the city of the divine Mynes, to make any lamentation; for by calling Lyrnessus the city of the divine Mynes, the poet implies that it was governed by him who was killed fighting in its defence.
Chryseïs was carried away from Thebe; we came to Thebe, the sacred city of Eetion, / and Chryseïs is mentioned among the booty which was carried off from that place. Andromache, daughter of the magnanimous Eetion, Eetion king of the Cilicians, who dwelt under the woody Placus at Thebe Hypoplacia.
This is the second Trojan dynasty after that of Mynes, and in agreement with what has been observed are these words of Andromache; Hector, wretch that I am; we were both born under the same destiny; thou at Troja in the palace of Priam, but I at Thebe. The words are not to be understood in their direct sense, but by a transposition; both born in Troja, thou in the house of Priam, but I at Thebe.
The third dynasty is that of the Leleges, which is also a Trojan dynasty; of Altes, the king of the war-loving Leleges, / by whose daughter Priam had Lycaon and Polydorus. Even the people, who in the Catalogue are said to be commanded by Hector, are called Trojans; Hector, the mighty, with the nodding crest, commanded the Trojans; / then those under Aeneas, the brave son of Anchises had the command of the Dardanii, / and these were Trojans, for the poet says, Thou, Aeneas, that counsellest Trojans; / then the Lycians under the command of Pandarus he calls Trojans; Aphneian Trojans, who inhabited Zeleia at the farthest extremity of Ida, who drink of the dark waters of Aesepus, these were led by Pandarus, the illustrious son of Lycaon. This is the sixth dynasty.
The people, also, who lived between the Aesepus and Abydos were Trojans, for the country about Abydos was governed by Asius; those who dwelt about Percote and Practius, at Sestos, Abydos, and the noble Arisbe, were led by Asius, the son of Hyrtacus. Now it is manifest that a son of Priam, who had the care of his father’s brood mares, dwelt at Abydos; he wounded the spurious son of Priam, Democoon, who came from Abydos from the pastures of the swift mares. At Percote, the son of Hicetaon was the herdsman of oxen, but not of those belonging to strangers; first he addressed the brave son of Hicetaon, Melanippus, who was lately tending the oxen in their pastures at Percote. so that this country also was part of the Troad, and the subsequent tract as far as Adrasteia, for it was governed by the two sons of Merops of Percote. /
All therefore were Trojans from Abydos to Adrasteia, divided, however, into two bodies, one governed by Asius, the other by the Meropidae, as the country of the Cilicians is divided into the Thebaic and the Lyrnessian Cilicia. To this district may have belonged the country under the sway of Eurypylus, for it follows next to the Lyrnessis, or territory of Lyrnessus.
That Priam was king of all these countries the words with which Achilles addresses him clearly show; we have heard, old man, that your riches formerly consisted in what Lesbos, the city of Macar, contained, and Phrygia above it and the vast Hellespont.
τότε μὲν οὖν τοιαῦτα ὑπῆρχεν, ὕστερον δὲ ἠκολούθησαν μεταβολαὶ παντοῖαι. τὰ μὲν γὰρ περὶ Κύζικον Φρύγες ἐπῴκησαν ἕως Πρακτίου, τὰ δὲ περὶ Ἄβυδον Θρᾷκες· ἔτι δὲ πρότερον τούτων ἀμφοῖν Βέβρυκες καὶ Δρύοπες· τὰ δʼ ἑξῆς Τρῆρες, καὶ οὗτοι Θρᾷκες· τὸ δὲ Θήβης πεδίον Λυδοί, οἱ τότε Μῄονες, καὶ Μυσῶν οἱ περιγενόμενοι τῶν ὑπὸ Τηλέφῳ πρότερον καὶ Τεύθραντι. οὕτω δὴ τοῦ ποιητοῦ τὴν Αἰολίδα καὶ τὴν Τροίαν εἰς ἓν συντιθέντος, καὶ τῶν Αἰολέων τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἕρμου πᾶσαν μέχρι τῆς κατὰ Κύζικον παραλίας κατασχόντων καὶ πόλεις κτισάντων, οὐδʼ ἂν ἡμεῖς ἀτόπως περιοδεύσαιμεν, εἰς ταὐτὸ συντιθέντες τήν τε Αἰολίδα νῦν ἰδίως λεγομένην τὴν ἀπὸ τοῦ Ἕρμου μέχρι Λεκτοῦ καὶ τὴν ἐφεξῆς μέχρι τοῦ Αἰσήπου. ἐν γὰρ τοῖς καθʼ ἕκαστα διακρινοῦμεν πάλιν, παρατιθέντες ἅμα τοῖς νῦν οὖσι τὰ ὑπὸ τοῦ ποιητοῦ καὶ τῶν ἄλλων λεγόμενα.
Such was the state of the country at that time. Afterwards changes of various kinds ensued. Phrygians occupied the country about Cyzicus as far as Practius; Thracians, the country about Abydos; and Bebryces and Dryopes, before the time of both these nations. The next tract of country was occupied by Treres, who were also Thracians; the plain of Thebe, by Lydians, who were then called Maeonians, and by the survivors of the Mysians, who were formerly governed by Telephus and Teuthoras.
Since then the poet unites together Aeolis and Troja, and since the Aeolians occupied all the country from the Hermus as far as the sea-coast at Cyzicus, and founded cities, we shall not do wrong in combining in one description Aeolis, properly so called, (extending from the Hermus to Lectum,) and the tract which follows, as far as the Aesepus; distinguishing them again in speaking of them separately, and comparing what is said of them by Homer and by other writers with their present state.
ἔστιν οὖν μετὰ τὴν τῶν Κυζικηνῶν πόλιν καὶ τὸν Αἴσηπον ἀρχὴ τῆς Τρῳάδος καθʼ Ὅμηρον. λέγει δʼ ἐκεῖνος μὲν οὕτω περὶ αὐτῆς οἳ δὲ Ζέλειαν ἔναιον ὑπαὶ πόδα νείατον Ἴδης / ἀφνειοί, πίνοντες ὕδωρ μέλαν Αἰσήποιο, / Τρῶες· τῶν αὖθʼ ἦρχε Λυκάονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός, / Πάνδαρος. / τούτους δὲ ἐκάλει καὶ Λυκίους· Ἀφνειοὺς δὲ ἀπὸ τῆς Ἀφνίτιδος νομίζουσι λίμνης· καὶ γὰρ οὕτω καλεῖται ἡ Δασκυλῖτις.
According to Homer, the Troad begins from the city Cyzicus and the river Aesepus. He speaks of it in this manner: Aphneian Trojans, who inhabited Zeleia at the farthest extremity of Ida, who drink the dark waters of Aesepus, these were led by Pandarus, the illustrious son of Lycaon. These people he calls also Lycians. They had the name of Aphneii, it is thought, from the lake Aphnitis, for this is the name of the lake Dascylitis.
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