Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 17.108–232: Hector takes the armour of Achilles; Glaucus rebukes him

Menelaus gives ground and Ajax comes up and covers the body of Patroclus with his shield, and Hector falls back, sending the armour of Patroclus to Troy. Glaucus reproaches him for leaving Sarpedon's body and not standing his ground, and Hector puts on the armour of Achilles. Zeus pities him, saying that though he wears the armour of the best of men he will never return from battle to Andromache, and Hector then calls on the Trojans and their allies to drag the body to Troy, promising half the spoil and half the glory to the man who does so.

Lines 17.108–232 · 1477 words · click a number to copy its link
108αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἐξοπίσω ἀνεχάζετο, λεῖπε δὲ νεκρὸν ἐντροπαλιζόμενος ὥς τε λὶς ἠϋγένειος, 110ὅν ῥα κύνες τε καὶ ἄνδρες ἀπὸ σταθμοῖο δίωνται ἔγχεσι καὶ φωνῇ· τοῦ δʼ ἐν φρεσὶν ἄλκιμον ἦτορ παχνοῦται, ἀέκων δέ τʼ ἔβη ἀπὸ μεσσαύλοιο· ὣς ἀπὸ Πατρόκλοιο κίε ξανθὸς Μενέλαος. στῆ δὲ μεταστρεφθεὶς ἐπεὶ ἵκετο ἔθνος ἑταίρων 115παπταίνων Αἴαντα μέγαν Τελαμώνιον υἱόν. τὸν δὲ μάλʼ αἶψʼ ἐνόησε μάχης ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ πάσης θαρσύνονθʼ ἑτάρους καὶ ἐποτρύνοντα μάχεσθαι· θεσπέσιον γάρ σφιν φόβον ἔμβαλε Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων· βῆ δὲ θέειν, εἶθαρ δὲ παριστάμενος ἔπος ηὔδα. 120Αἶαν δεῦρο πέπον, περὶ Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος σπεύσομεν, αἴ κε νέκυν περ Ἀχιλλῆϊ προφέρωμεν γυμνόν· ἀτὰρ τά γε τεύχεʼ ἔχει κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ. ὣς ἔφατʼ, Αἴαντι δὲ δαΐφρονι θυμὸν ὄρινε· βῆ δὲ διὰ προμάχων, ἅμα δὲ ξανθὸς Μενέλαος. 125Ἕκτωρ μὲν Πάτροκλον ἐπεὶ κλυτὰ τεύχεʼ ἀπηύρα, ἕλχʼ ἵνʼ ἀπʼ ὤμοιιν κεφαλὴν τάμοι ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ, τὸν δὲ νέκυν Τρῳῇσιν ἐρυσσάμενος κυσὶ δοίη.

Then Menelaus gave ground backward, and left the corpse, ever turning him about like a bearded lion that dogs and men drive from a fold with spears and shouting; and the valiant heart in his breast groweth chill, and sore loth he fareth from the farmstead; even so from Patroclus went fair-haired Menelaus. But he turned him about and stood, when he reached the throng of his comrades, glancing this way and that for great Aias, son of Telamon. Him he marked full quickly on the left of the whole battle, heartening his comrades, and urging them on to fight, for wondrous fear had Phoebus Apollo cast upon them. And he set him to run, and straightway came up to him, and spake, saying: Aias, come hither, good friend, let us hasten in defence of the dead Patroclus, if so be we may bear forth his corpse at least to Achilles—his naked corpse; but his armour is held by Hector of the flashing helm. So spake he, and stirred the soul of wise-hearted Aias, and he strode amid the foremost fighters, and with him fair-haired Menelaus. Now Hector, when he had stripped from Patroclus his glorious armour, sought to hale him away that he might cut the head from off his shoulders with the sharp bronze, and drag off the corpse, and give it to the dogs of Troy; but Aias drew near, bearing his shield, that was like a city wall.

128Αἴας δʼ ἐγγύθεν ἦλθε φέρων σάκος ἠΰτε πύργον· Ἕκτωρ δʼ ἂψ ἐς ὅμιλον ἰὼν ἀνεχάζεθʼ ἑταίρων, 130ἐς δίφρον δʼ ἀνόρουσε· δίδου δʼ ὅ γε τεύχεα καλὰ Τρωσὶ φέρειν προτὶ ἄστυ, μέγα κλέος ἔμμεναι αὐτῷ. Αἴας δʼ ἀμφὶ Μενοιτιάδῃ σάκος εὐρὺ καλύψας ἑστήκει ὥς τίς τε λέων περὶ οἷσι τέκεσσιν, ᾧ ῥά τε νήπιʼ ἄγοντι συναντήσωνται ἐν ὕλῃ 135ἄνδρες ἐπακτῆρες· ὃ δέ τε σθένεϊ βλεμεαίνει, πᾶν δέ τʼ ἐπισκύνιον κάτω ἕλκεται ὄσσε καλύπτων· ὣς Αἴας περὶ Πατρόκλῳ ἥρωϊ βεβήκει. Ἀτρεΐδης δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἀρηΐφιλος Μενέλαος ἑστήκει, μέγα πένθος ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἀέξων. 140Γλαῦκος δʼ Ἱππολόχοιο πάϊς Λυκίων ἀγὸς ἀνδρῶν Ἕκτορʼ ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν χαλεπῷ ἠνίπαπε μύθῳ· Ἕκτορ εἶδος ἄριστε μάχης ἄρα πολλὸν ἐδεύεο. ἦ σʼ αὔτως κλέος ἐσθλὸν ἔχει φύξηλιν ἐόντα. φράζεο νῦν ὅππως κε πόλιν καὶ ἄστυ σαώσῃς 145οἶος σὺν λαοῖς τοὶ Ἰλίῳ ἐγγεγάασιν· οὐ γάρ τις Λυκίων γε μαχησόμενος Δαναοῖσιν εἶσι περὶ πτόλιος, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἄρα τις χάρις ἦεν μάρνασθαι δηΐοισιν ἐπʼ ἀνδράσι νωλεμὲς αἰεί.

Then Hector gave ground backward into the throng of his comrades, and leapt upon his chariot, and gave the goodly armour to the Trojans to bear to the city, to be a great glory unto him. But Aias covered the son of Menoetius round about with his broad shield, and stood as a lion over his whelps, one that huntsmen have encountered in the forest as he leadeth his young; then he exulteth in his strength, and draweth down all his brows to cover his eyes; even so did Aias bestride the warrior Patroclus, and hard by him stood the son of Atreus, Menelaus, dear to Ares, nursing great sorrow in his breast. And Glaucus, son of Hippolochus, leader of the Lycians, with an angry glance from beneath his brows, chid Hector with hard words, saying: Hector, most fair to look upon, in battle art thou sorely lacking. In good sooth 'tis but in vain that fair renown possesseth thee that art but a runagate. Bethink thee now how by thyself thou mayest save thy city and home aided only by the folk that were born in Ilios; for of the Lycians at least will no man go forth to do battle with the Danaans for the city's sake, seeing there were to be no thanks, it seemeth, for warring against the foemen ever without respite.

149πῶς κε σὺ χείρονα φῶτα σαώσειας μεθʼ ὅμιλον 150σχέτλιʼ, ἐπεὶ Σαρπηδόνʼ ἅμα ξεῖνον καὶ ἑταῖρον κάλλιπες Ἀργείοισιν ἕλωρ καὶ κύρμα γενέσθαι, ὅς τοι πόλλʼ ὄφελος γένετο πτόλεΐ τε καὶ αὐτῷ ζωὸς ἐών· νῦν δʼ οὔ οἱ ἀλαλκέμεναι κύνας ἔτλης. τὼ νῦν εἴ τις ἐμοὶ Λυκίων ἐπιπείσεται ἀνδρῶν 155οἴκαδʼ ἴμεν, Τροίῃ δὲ πεφήσεται αἰπὺς ὄλεθρος. εἰ γὰρ νῦν Τρώεσσι μένος πολυθαρσὲς ἐνείη ἄτρομον, οἷόν τʼ ἄνδρας ἐσέρχεται οἳ περὶ πάτρης ἀνδράσι δυσμενέεσσι πόνον καὶ δῆριν ἔθεντο, αἶψά κε Πάτροκλον ἐρυσαίμεθα Ἴλιον εἴσω. 160εἰ δʼ οὗτος προτὶ ἄστυ μέγα Πριάμοιο ἄνακτος ἔλθοι τεθνηὼς καί μιν ἐρυσαίμεθα χάρμης, αἶψά κεν Ἀργεῖοι Σαρπηδόνος ἔντεα καλὰ λύσειαν, καί κʼ αὐτὸν ἀγοίμεθα Ἴλιον εἴσω· τοίου γὰρ θεράπων πέφατʼ ἀνέρος, ὃς μέγʼ ἄριστος 165Ἀργείων παρὰ νηυσὶ καὶ ἀγχέμαχοι θεράποντες. ἀλλὰ σύ γʼ Αἴαντος μεγαλήτορος οὐκ ἐτάλασσας στήμεναι ἄντα κατʼ ὄσσε ἰδὼν δηΐων ἐν ἀϋτῇ, οὐδʼ ἰθὺς μαχέσασθαι, ἐπεὶ σέο φέρτερός ἐστι.

How art thou like to save a meaner man amid the press of battle, thou heartless one, when Sarpedon, that was at once thy guest and thy comrade, thou didst leave to the Argives to be their prey and spoil!—one that full often proved a boon to thee, to thy city and thine own self, while yet he lived; whereas now thou hadst not the courage to ward from him the dogs. Wherefore now, if any one of the men of Lycia will hearken to me, homeward will we go, and for Troy shall utter destruction be made plain. Ah, that there were now in the Trojans dauntless courage, that knoweth naught of fear, such as cometh upon men that for their country's sake toil and strive with foemen; then forthwith should we hale Patroclus into Ilios. And if this man were to come, a corpse, to the great city of king Priam, and we should hale him forth from out the battle, straightway then would the Argives give back the goodly armour of Sarpedon, and we should bring his body into Ilios; for such a man is he whose squire hath been slain, one that is far the best of the Argives by the ships, himself and his squires that fight in close combat. But thou hadst not the courage to stand before great-hearted Aias, facing him eye to eye amid the battle-cry of the foemen, nor to do battle against him, seeing he is a better man than thou.

169τὸν δʼ ἄρʼ ὑπόδρα ἰδὼν προσέφη κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ· 170Γλαῦκε τί ἢ δὲ σὺ τοῖος ἐὼν ὑπέροπλον ἔειπες; ὢ πόποι ἦ τʼ ἐφάμην σὲ περὶ φρένας ἔμμεναι ἄλλων τῶν ὅσσοι Λυκίην ἐριβώλακα ναιετάουσι· νῦν δέ σευ ὠνοσάμην πάγχυ φρένας οἷον ἔειπες, ὅς τέ με φῂς Αἴαντα πελώριον οὐχ ὑπομεῖναι. 175οὔ τοι ἐγὼν ἔρριγα μάχην οὐδὲ κτύπον ἵππων· ἀλλʼ αἰεί τε Διὸς κρείσσων νόος αἰγιόχοιο, ὅς τε καὶ ἄλκιμον ἄνδρα φοβεῖ καὶ ἀφείλετο νίκην ῥηϊδίως, ὁτὲ δʼ αὐτὸς ἐποτρύνει μαχέσασθαι. ἀλλʼ ἄγε δεῦρο πέπον, παρʼ ἔμʼ ἵστασο καὶ ἴδε ἔργον, 180ἠὲ πανημέριος κακὸς ἔσσομαι, ὡς ἀγορεύεις, ἦ τινα καὶ Δαναῶν ἀλκῆς μάλα περ μεμαῶτα σχήσω ἀμυνέμεναι περὶ Πατρόκλοιο θανόντος. ὣς εἰπὼν Τρώεσσιν ἐκέκλετο μακρὸν ἀΰσας· Τρῶες καὶ Λύκιοι καὶ Δάρδανοι ἀγχιμαχηταί, 185ἀνέρες ἔστε φίλοι, μνήσασθε δὲ θούριδος ἀλκῆς, ὄφρʼ ἂν ἐγὼν Ἀχιλῆος ἀμύμονος ἔντεα δύω καλά, τὰ Πατρόκλοιο βίην ἐνάριξα κατακτάς.

Then with an angry glance from beneath his brows, spake to him Hector of the flashing helm: Glaucus, wherefore hast thou, being such a one as thou art, spoken an overweening word? Good friend, in sooth I deemed that in wisdom thou wast above all others that dwell in deep-soiled Lycia; but now have I altogether scorn of thy wits, that thou speakest thus, seeing thou sayest I stood not to face mighty Aias. I shudder not at battle, I tell thee, nor at the din of chariots, but ever is the intent of Zeus that beareth the aegis strongest, for he driveth even a valiant man in rout, and robbeth him of victory full easily, and again of himself he rouseth men to fight. Nay, come thou hither, good friend, take thy stand by my side, and behold my handiwork, whether this whole day through I shall prove me a coward, as thou pratest, or shall stay many a one of the Danaans, how fierce soever for valorous deeds he be, from fighting in defence of the dead Patroclus. So saying, he shouted aloud, and called to the Trojans: Ye Trojans, and Lycians, and Dardanians that fight in close combat, be men, my friends, and bethink you of furious valour, until I put upon me the armour of peerless Achilles, the goodly armour that I stripped from the mighty Patroclus, when I slew him.

188ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας ἀπέβη κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ δηΐου ἐκ πολέμοιο· θέων δʼ ἐκίχανεν ἑταίρους 190ὦκα μάλʼ οὔ πω τῆλε ποσὶ κραιπνοῖσι μετασπών, οἳ προτὶ ἄστυ φέρον κλυτὰ τεύχεα Πηλεΐωνος. στὰς δʼ ἀπάνευθε μάχης πολυδακρύου ἔντεʼ ἄμειβεν· ἤτοι ὃ μὲν τὰ ἃ δῶκε φέρειν προτὶ Ἴλιον ἱρὴν Τρωσὶ φιλοπτολέμοισιν, ὃ δʼ ἄμβροτα τεύχεα δῦνε 195Πηλεΐδεω Ἀχιλῆος ἅ οἱ θεοὶ Οὐρανίωνες πατρὶ φίλῳ ἔπορον· ὃ δʼ ἄρα ᾧ παιδὶ ὄπασσε γηράς· ἀλλʼ οὐχ υἱὸς ἐν ἔντεσι πατρὸς ἐγήρα. τὸν δʼ ὡς οὖν ἀπάνευθεν ἴδεν νεφεληγερέτα Ζεὺς τεύχεσι Πηλεΐδαο κορυσσόμενον θείοιο, 200κινήσας ῥα κάρη προτὶ ὃν μυθήσατο θυμόν· ἆ δείλʼ οὐδέ τί τοι θάνατος καταθύμιός ἐστιν ὃς δή τοι σχεδὸν εἶσι· σὺ δʼ ἄμβροτα τεύχεα δύνεις ἀνδρὸς ἀριστῆος, τόν τε τρομέουσι καὶ ἄλλοι· τοῦ δὴ ἑταῖρον ἔπεφνες ἐνηέα τε κρατερόν τε, 205τεύχεα δʼ οὐ κατὰ κόσμον ἀπὸ κρατός τε καὶ ὤμων εἵλευ· ἀτάρ τοι νῦν γε μέγα κράτος ἐγγυαλίξω, τῶν ποινὴν ὅ τοι οὔ τι μάχης ἐκνοστήσαντι δέξεται Ἀνδρομάχη κλυτὰ τεύχεα Πηλεΐωνος.

When he had thus spoken, Hector of the flashing helm went forth from the fury of war, and ran, and speedily reached his comrades not yet far off, hastening after them with swift steps, even them that were bearing toward the city the glorious armour of the son of Peleus. Then he halted apart from the tear-fraught battle, and changed his armour; his own he gave to the war-loving Trojans to bear to sacred Ilios, but clad himself in the immortal armour of Peleus' son, Achilles, that the heavenly gods had given to his father and that he had given to his son, when he himself waxed old; howbeit in the armour of the father the son came not to old age. But when Zeus, the cloud-gatherer, beheld him from afar as he harnessed him in the battle-gear of the godlike son of Peleus, he shook his head, and thus he spake unto his own heart: Ah, poor wretch, death verily is not in thy thoughts, that yet draweth nigh thee; but thou art putting upon thee the immortal armour of a princely man before whom others besides thee are wont to quail. His comrade, kindly and valiant, hast thou slain, and in unseemly wise hast stripped the armour from his head and shoulders. Howbeit for this present will I vouch-safe thee great might, in recompense for this—that in no wise shalt thou return from out the battle for Andromache to receive from thee the glorious armour of the son of Peleus.

209ἦ καὶ κυανέῃσιν ἐπʼ ὀφρύσι νεῦσε Κρονίων. 210Ἕκτορι δʼ ἥρμοσε τεύχεʼ ἐπὶ χροΐ, δῦ δέ μιν Ἄρης δεινὸς ἐνυάλιος, πλῆσθεν δʼ ἄρα οἱ μέλεʼ ἐντὸς ἀλκῆς καὶ σθένεος· μετὰ δὲ κλειτοὺς ἐπικούρους βῆ ῥα μέγα ἰάχων· ἰνδάλλετο δέ σφισι πᾶσι τεύχεσι λαμπόμενος μεγαθύμου Πηλεΐωνος. 215ὄτρυνεν δὲ ἕκαστον ἐποιχόμενος ἐπέεσσι Μέσθλην τε Γλαῦκόν τε Μέδοντά τε Θερσίλοχόν τε Ἀστεροπαῖόν τε Δεισήνορά θʼ Ἱππόθοόν τε Φόρκυν τε Χρομίον τε καὶ Ἔννομον οἰωνιστήν· τοὺς ὅ γʼ ἐποτρύνων ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· 220κέκλυτε μυρία φῦλα περικτιόνων ἐπικούρων· οὐ γὰρ ἐγὼ πληθὺν διζήμενος οὐδὲ χατίζων ἐνθάδʼ ἀφʼ ὑμετέρων πολίων ἤγειρα ἕκαστον, ἀλλʼ ἵνα μοι Τρώων ἀλόχους καὶ νήπια τέκνα προφρονέως ῥύοισθε φιλοπτολέμων ὑπʼ Ἀχαιῶν. 225τὰ φρονέων δώροισι κατατρύχω καὶ ἐδωδῇ λαούς, ὑμέτερον δὲ ἑκάστου θυμὸν ἀέξω. τώ τις νῦν ἰθὺς τετραμμένος ἢ ἀπολέσθω ἠὲ σαωθήτω· ἣ γὰρ πολέμου ὀαριστύς. ὃς δέ κε Πάτροκλον καὶ τεθνηῶτά περ ἔμπης 230Τρῶας ἐς ἱπποδάμους ἐρύσῃ, εἴξῃ δέ οἱ Αἴας, ἥμισυ τῷ ἐνάρων ἀποδάσσομαι, ἥμισυ δʼ αὐτὸς ἕξω ἐγώ· τὸ δέ οἱ κλέος ἔσσεται ὅσσον ἐμοί περ.

The son of Cronos spake and bowed thereto with his dark brows, and upon Hector's body he made the armour to fit, and there entered into him Ares, the dread Enyalius, and his limbs were filled within with valour and with might. Then went he his way into the company of the famed allies, crying a great cry, and shewed himself before the eyes of all, flashing in the armour of the great-souled son of Peleus. And going to and fro he spake and heartened each man, Mesthles and Glaucus and Medon and Thersilochus and Asteropaeus and Deisenor and Hippothous and Phorcys and Chroraius and Ennomus, the augur—these he heartened, and spake to them winged words: Hear me, ye tribes uncounted of allies that dwell round about. Not because I sought for numbers or had need thereof, did I gather each man of you from, your cities, but that with ready hearts ye might save the Trojans' wives and their little children from the war-loving Achaeans. With this intent am I wasting the substance of mine own folk that ye may have gifts and food, and thereby I cause the strength of each one of you to wax. Wherefore let every man turn straight against the foe and die haply, or live; for this is the dalliance of war. And whosoever shall hale Patroclus, dead though he be, into the midst of the horse-taming Trojans, and make Aias to yield, the half of the spoils shall I render unto him, and the half shall I keep mine ownself; and his glory shall be even as mine own.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.