Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 18.314–367: The Myrmidons mourn Patroclus

Achilles leads the lament for Patroclus, vowing to bring back Hector's head and armour and to slay twelve Trojan youths on his pyre. The body is washed, anointed and laid on a bier with a linen cloth, and Achilles and the Myrmidons weep over it all night. On Olympus Zeus mocks Hera for having roused Achilles, and she answers sharply.

Lines 18.314–367 · 624 words · click a number to copy its link
314δόρπον ἔπειθʼ εἵλοντο κατὰ στρατόν· αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὶ 315παννύχιοι Πάτροκλον ἀνεστενάχοντο γοῶντες. τοῖσι δὲ Πηλεΐδης ἁδινοῦ ἐξῆρχε γόοιο χεῖρας ἐπʼ ἀνδροφόνους θέμενος στήθεσσιν ἑταίρου πυκνὰ μάλα στενάχων ὥς τε λὶς ἠϋγένειος, ᾧ ῥά θʼ ὑπὸ σκύμνους ἐλαφηβόλος ἁρπάσῃ ἀνὴρ 320ὕλης ἐκ πυκινῆς· ὃ δέ τʼ ἄχνυται ὕστερος ἐλθών, πολλὰ δέ τʼ ἄγκεʼ ἐπῆλθε μετʼ ἀνέρος ἴχνιʼ ἐρευνῶν εἴ ποθεν ἐξεύροι· μάλα γὰρ δριμὺς χόλος αἱρεῖ· ὣς ὃ βαρὺ στενάχων μετεφώνεε Μυρμιδόνεσσιν· ὢ πόποι ἦ ῥʼ ἅλιον ἔπος ἔκβαλον ἤματι κείνῳ 325θαρσύνων ἥρωα Μενοίτιον ἐν μεγάροισι· φῆν δέ οἱ εἰς Ὀπόεντα περικλυτὸν υἱὸν ἀπάξειν Ἴλιον ἐκπέρσαντα, λαχόντα τε ληΐδος αἶσαν. ἀλλʼ οὐ Ζεὺς ἄνδρεσσι νοήματα πάντα τελευτᾷ· ἄμφω γὰρ πέπρωται ὁμοίην γαῖαν ἐρεῦσαι 330αὐτοῦ ἐνὶ Τροίῃ, ἐπεὶ οὐδʼ ἐμὲ νοστήσαντα δέξεται ἐν μεγάροισι γέρων ἱππηλάτα Πηλεὺς οὐδὲ Θέτις μήτηρ, ἀλλʼ αὐτοῦ γαῖα καθέξει.

So then they took supper throughout the host; but the Achaeans the whole night through made moan in lamentation for Patroclus. And among them the son of Peleus began the vehement lamentation, laying his man-slaying hands upon the breast of his comrade and uttering many a groan, even as a bearded lion whose whelps some hunter of stags hath snatched away from out the thick wood; and the lion coming back thereafter grieveth sore, and through many a glen he rangeth on the track of the footsteps of the man, if so be he may anywhere find him; for anger exceeding grim layeth hold of him. Even so with heavy groaning spake Achilles among the Myrmidons: Out upon it! Vain in sooth was the word I uttered on that day, when I sought to hearten the warrior Menoetius in our halls; and said that when I had sacked Ilios I would bring back to him unto Opoeis his glorious son with the share of the spoil that should fall to his lot. But lo, Zeus fulfilleth not for men all their purposes; for both of us twain are fated to redden the selfsame earth with our blood here in the land of Troy; since neither shall I come back to be welcomed of the old knight Peleus in his halls, nor of my mother Thetis, but even here shall the earth hold me fast.

333νῦν δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν Πάτροκλε σεῦ ὕστερος εἶμʼ ὑπὸ γαῖαν, οὔ σε πρὶν κτεριῶ πρίν γʼ Ἕκτορος ἐνθάδʼ ἐνεῖκαι 335τεύχεα καὶ κεφαλὴν μεγαθύμου σοῖο φονῆος· δώδεκα δὲ προπάροιθε πυρῆς ἀποδειροτομήσω Τρώων ἀγλαὰ τέκνα σέθεν κταμένοιο χολωθείς. τόφρα δέ μοι παρὰ νηυσὶ κορωνίσι κείσεαι αὔτως, ἀμφὶ δὲ σὲ Τρῳαὶ καὶ Δαρδανίδες βαθύκολποι 340κλαύσονται νύκτάς τε καὶ ἤματα δάκρυ χέουσαι, τὰς αὐτοὶ καμόμεσθα βίηφί τε δουρί τε μακρῷ πιείρας πέρθοντε πόλεις μερόπων ἀνθρώπων. ὣς εἰπὼν ἑτάροισιν ἐκέκλετο δῖος Ἀχιλλεὺς ἀμφὶ πυρὶ στῆσαι τρίποδα μέγαν, ὄφρα τάχιστα 345Πάτροκλον λούσειαν ἄπο βρότον αἱματόεντα. οἳ δὲ λοετροχόον τρίποδʼ ἵστασαν ἐν πυρὶ κηλέῳ, ἐν δʼ ἄρʼ ὕδωρ ἔχεαν, ὑπὸ δὲ ξύλα δαῖον ἑλόντες. γάστρην μὲν τρίποδος πῦρ ἄμφεπε, θέρμετο δʼ ὕδωρ· αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ ζέσσεν ὕδωρ ἐνὶ ἤνοπι χαλκῷ, 350καὶ τότε δὴ λοῦσάν τε καὶ ἤλειψαν λίπʼ ἐλαίῳ, ἐν δʼ ὠτειλὰς πλῆσαν ἀλείφατος ἐννεώροιο· ἐν λεχέεσσι δὲ θέντες ἑανῷ λιτὶ κάλυψαν ἐς πόδας ἐκ κεφαλῆς, καθύπερθε δὲ φάρεϊ λευκῷ. παννύχιοι μὲν ἔπειτα πόδας ταχὺν ἀμφʼ Ἀχιλῆα 355Μυρμιδόνες Πάτροκλον ἀνεστενάχοντο γοῶντες· Ζεὺς δʼ Ἥρην προσέειπε κασιγνήτην ἄλοχόν τε· ἔπρηξας καὶ ἔπειτα βοῶπις πότνια Ἥρη ἀνστήσασʼ Ἀχιλῆα πόδας ταχύν· ἦ ῥά νυ σεῖο ἐξ αὐτῆς ἐγένοντο κάρη κομόωντες Ἀχαιοί. 360τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα βοῶπις πότνια Ἥρη· αἰνότατε Κρονίδη ποῖον τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες. καὶ μὲν δή πού τις μέλλει βροτὸς ἀνδρὶ τελέσσαι, ὅς περ θνητός τʼ ἐστὶ καὶ οὐ τόσα μήδεα οἶδε· πῶς δὴ ἔγωγʼ, ἥ φημι θεάων ἔμμεν ἀρίστη, 365ἀμφότερον γενεῇ τε καὶ οὕνεκα σὴ παράκοιτις κέκλημαι, σὺ δὲ πᾶσι μετʼ ἀθανάτοισιν ἀνάσσεις, οὐκ ὄφελον Τρώεσσι κοτεσσαμένη κακὰ ῥάψαι;

But now, Patroclus, seeing I shall after thee pass beneath the earth, I will not give thee burial till I have brought hither the armour and the head of Hector, the slayer of thee, the great-souled; and of twelve glorious sons of the Trojans will I cut the throats before thy pyre in my wrath at thy slaying. Until then beside the beaked ships shalt thou lie, even as thou art, and round about thee shall deep-bosomed Trojan and Dardanian women make lament night and day with shedding of tears, even they that we twain got us through toil by our might and our long spears, when we wasted rich cities of mortal men. So saying, goodly Achilles bade his comrades set upon the fire a great cauldron, that with speed they might wash from Patroclus the bloody gore. And they set upon the blazing fire the cauldron for filling the bath, and poured in water, and took billets of wood and kindled them beneath it. Then the fire played about the belly of the cauldron, and the water grew warm. But when the water boiled in the bright bronze, then they washed him and anointed him richly with oil, filling his wounds with ointment of nine years old; and they laid him upon his bed, and covered him with a soft linen cloth from head to foot, and thereover with a white robe. So the whole night through around Achilles, swift of foot, the Myrmidons made moan in lamentation for Patroclus; but Zeus spake unto Hera, his sister and his wife: Thou hast then had thy way, O ox-eyed, queenly Hera; thou hast aroused Achilles, swift of foot. In good sooth must the long-haired Achaeans be children of thine own womb. Then made answer to him the ox-eyed, queenly Hera: Most dread son of Cronos, what a word hast thou said. Lo, even a man, I ween, is like to accomplish what he can for another man, one that is but mortal, and knoweth not all the wisdom that is mine. How then was I, that avow me to be highest of goddesses in twofold wise, for that I am eldest and am called thy wife, and thou art king among all the immortals—how was I not in my wrath against the Trojans to devise against them evil?

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.