Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 20.75–155: Apollo rouses Aeneas; the gods sit apart

Achilles wants above all to meet Hector, but Apollo, in the likeness of Lycaon, goads Aeneas into facing him. Aeneas protests that some god always stands beside Achilles, and Apollo answers that he too is the son of a goddess, Aphrodite, and should pray to the gods. Hera tells Poseidon and Athena that the gods should stand by Achilles, but Poseidon proposes that they sit apart on the wall of Heracles and join the fight only if Ares or Apollo begin it.

Lines 20.75–155 · 938 words · click a number to copy its link
75ὣς οἳ μὲν θεοὶ ἄντα θεῶν ἴσαν· αὐτὰρ Ἀχιλλεὺς Ἕκτορος ἄντα μάλιστα λιλαίετο δῦναι ὅμιλον Πριαμίδεω· τοῦ γάρ ῥα μάλιστά ἑ θυμὸς ἀνώγει αἵματος ἆσαι Ἄρηα ταλαύρινον πολεμιστήν. Αἰνείαν δʼ ἰθὺς λαοσσόος ὦρσεν Ἀπόλλων 80ἀντία Πηλεΐωνος, ἐνῆκε δέ οἱ μένος ἠΰ· υἱέϊ δὲ Πριάμοιο Λυκάονι εἴσατο φωνήν· τῷ μιν ἐεισάμενος προσέφη Διὸς υἱὸς Ἀπόλλων· Αἰνεία Τρώων βουληφόρε ποῦ τοι ἀπειλαὶ ἃς Τρώων βασιλεῦσιν ὑπίσχεο οἰνοποτάζων 85Πηλεΐδεω Ἀχιλῆος ἐναντίβιον πολεμίξειν; τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Αἰνείας ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέειπε· Πριαμίδη τί με ταῦτα καὶ οὐκ ἐθέλοντα κελεύεις ἀντία Πηλεΐωνος ὑπερθύμοιο μάχεσθαι; οὐ μὲν γὰρ νῦν πρῶτα ποδώκεος ἄντʼ Ἀχιλῆος 90στήσομαι, ἀλλʼ ἤδη με καὶ ἄλλοτε δουρὶ φόβησεν ἐξ Ἴδης, ὅτε βουσὶν ἐπήλυθεν ἡμετέρῃσι, πέρσε δὲ Λυρνησσὸν καὶ Πήδασον· αὐτὰρ ἐμὲ Ζεὺς εἰρύσαθʼ, ὅς μοι ἐπῶρσε μένος λαιψηρά τε γοῦνα.

Thus gods went forth to meet with gods. But Achilles was fain to meet with Hector, Priam's son, above all others in the throng, for with his blood as with that of none other did his spirit bid him glut Ares, the warrior with tough shield of hide. Howbeit Aeneas did Apollo, rouser of hosts, make to go forth to face the son of Peleus, and he put into him great might: and he likened his own voice to that of Lycaon, son of Priam. In his likeness spake unto Aeneas the son of Zeus, Apollo: Aeneas, counsellor of the Trojans, where be now thy threats, wherewith thou wast wont to declare unto the princes of the Trojans over thy wine, that thou wouldst do battle man to man against Achilles, son of Peleus? Then Aeneas answered him, and said: Son of Priam, why on this wise do thou bid me face in fight the son of Peleus, high of heart, though I be not minded thereto? Not now for the first time shall I stand forth against swift-footed Achilles; nay, once ere now he drave me with his spear from Ida, when he had come forth against our kine, and laid Lyrnessus waste and Pedasus withal; howbeit Zeus saved me, who roused my strength and made swift my knees.

94ἦ κʼ ἐδάμην ὑπὸ χερσὶν Ἀχιλλῆος καὶ Ἀθήνης, 95ἥ οἱ πρόσθεν ἰοῦσα τίθει φάος ἠδʼ ἐκέλευεν ἔγχεϊ χαλκείῳ Λέλεγας καὶ Τρῶας ἐναίρειν. τὼ οὐκ ἔστʼ Ἀχιλῆος ἐναντίον ἄνδρα μάχεσθαι· αἰεὶ γὰρ πάρα εἷς γε θεῶν ὃς λοιγὸν ἀμύνει. καὶ δʼ ἄλλως τοῦ γʼ ἰθὺ βέλος πέτετʼ, οὐδʼ ἀπολήγει 100πρὶν χροὸς ἀνδρομέοιο διελθέμεν. εἰ δὲ θεός περ ἶσον τείνειεν πολέμου τέλος, οὔ κε μάλα ῥέα νικήσειʼ, οὐδʼ εἰ παγχάλκεος εὔχεται εἶναι. τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπεν ἄναξ Διὸς υἱὸς Ἀπόλλων· ἥρως ἀλλʼ ἄγε καὶ σὺ θεοῖς αἰειγενέτῃσιν 105εὔχεο· καὶ δὲ σέ φασι Διὸς κούρης Ἀφροδίτης ἐκγεγάμεν, κεῖνος δὲ χερείονος ἐκ θεοῦ ἐστίν· ἣ μὲν γὰρ Διός ἐσθʼ, ἣ δʼ ἐξ ἁλίοιο γέροντος. ἀλλʼ ἰθὺς φέρε χαλκὸν ἀτειρέα, μηδέ σε πάμπαν λευγαλέοις ἐπέεσσιν ἀποτρεπέτω καὶ ἀρειῇ. 110ὣς εἰπὼν ἔμπνευσε μένος μέγα ποιμένι λαῶν, βῆ δὲ διὰ προμάχων κεκορυθμένος αἴθοπι χαλκῷ.

Else had I been slain beneath the hands of Achilles and of Athene, who ever went before him and set there a light of deliverance, and bade him slay Leleges and Trojans with spear of bronze. Wherefore may it not be that any man face Achilles in fight, for that ever by his side is some god, that wardeth from him ruin. Aye, and of itself his spear flieth straight, and ceaseth not till it have pierced through the flesh of man. Howbeit were a god to stretch with even hand the issue of war, then not lightly should he vanquish me, nay, not though he vaunt him to be wholly wrought of bronze. Then in answer to him spake the prince Apollo, son of Zeus: Nay, warrior, come, pray thou also to the gods that are for ever; for of thee too men say that thou wast born of Aphrodite, daughter of Zeus, while he is sprung from a lesser goddess. For thy mother is daughter of Zeus, and his of the old man of the sea. Nay, bear thou straight against him thy stubborn bronze, nor let him anywise turn thee back with words of contempt and with threatenings. So saying he breathed great might into the shepherd of the host, and he strode amid the foremost fighters, harnessed in flaming bronze.

112οὐδʼ ἔλαθʼ Ἀγχίσαο πάϊς λευκώλενον Ἥρην ἀντία Πηλεΐωνος ἰὼν ἀνὰ οὐλαμὸν ἀνδρῶν· ἣ δʼ ἄμυδις στήσασα θεοὺς μετὰ μῦθον ἔειπε· 115φράζεσθον δὴ σφῶϊ Ποσείδαον καὶ Ἀθήνη ἐν φρεσὶν ὑμετέρῃσιν, ὅπως ἔσται τάδε ἔργα. Αἰνείας ὅδʼ ἔβη κεκορυθμένος αἴθοπι χαλκῷ ἀντία Πηλεΐωνος, ἀνῆκε δὲ Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων. ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ, ἡμεῖς πέρ μιν ἀποτρωπῶμεν ὀπίσσω 120αὐτόθεν· ἤ τις ἔπειτα καὶ ἡμείων Ἀχιλῆϊ παρσταίη, δοίη δὲ κράτος μέγα, μηδέ τι θυμῷ δευέσθω, ἵνα εἰδῇ ὅ μιν φιλέουσιν ἄριστοι ἀθανάτων, οἳ δʼ αὖτʼ ἀνεμώλιοι οἳ τὸ πάρος περ Τρωσὶν ἀμύνουσιν πόλεμον καὶ δηϊοτῆτα. 125πάντες δʼ Οὐλύμποιο κατήλθομεν ἀντιόωντες τῆσδε μάχης, ἵνα μή τι μετὰ Τρώεσσι πάθῃσι σήμερον· ὕστερον αὖτε τὰ πείσεται ἅσσά οἱ αἶσα γιγνομένῳ ἐπένησε λίνῳ ὅτε μιν τέκε μήτηρ. εἰ δʼ Ἀχιλεὺς οὐ ταῦτα θεῶν ἐκ πεύσεται ὀμφῆς 130δείσετʼ ἔπειθʼ, ὅτε κέν τις ἐναντίβιον θεὸς ἔλθῃ ἐν πολέμῳ· χαλεποὶ δὲ θεοὶ φαίνεσθαι ἐναργεῖς.

Nor was the son of Anchises unseen of white-armed Hera, as he went forth to face the son of Peleus amid the throng of men, but she gathered the gods together, and spake among them, saying: Consider within your hearts, ye twain, O Poseidon and Athene, how these things are to be. Lo, here is Aeneas, gone forth, harnessed in flaming bronze, to face the son of Peleus, and it is Phoebus Apollo that hath set him on. Come ye then, let us turn him back forthwith; or else thereafter let one of us stand likewise by Achilles' side, and give him great might, and suffer not the heart in his breast anywise to fail; to the end that he may know that they that love him are the best of the immortals, and those are worthless as wind, that hitherto have warded from the Trojans war and battle. All we are come down from Olympus to mingle in this battle, that Achilles take no hurt among the Trojans for this days' space; but thereafter shall he suffer whatever Fate spun for him with her thread at his birth, when his mother bare him. But if Achilles learn not this from some voice of the gods, he shall have dread hereafter when some god shall come against him in battle; for hard are the gods to look upon when they appear in manifest presence.

132τὴν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα Ποσειδάων ἐνοσίχθων· Ἥρη μὴ χαλέπαινε παρʼ ἐκ νόον· οὐδέ τί σε χρή. οὐκ ἂν ἔγωγʼ ἐθέλοιμι θεοὺς ἔριδι ξυνελάσσαι 135ἡμέας τοὺς ἄλλους, ἐπεὶ ἦ πολὺ φέρτεροί εἰμεν· ἀλλʼ ἡμεῖς μὲν ἔπειτα καθεζώμεσθα κιόντες ἐκ πάτου ἐς σκοπιήν, πόλεμος δʼ ἄνδρεσσι μελήσει. εἰ δέ κʼ Ἄρης ἄρχωσι μάχης ἢ Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων, ἢ Ἀχιλῆʼ ἴσχωσι καὶ οὐκ εἰῶσι μάχεσθαι, 140αὐτίκʼ ἔπειτα καὶ ἄμμι παρʼ αὐτόθι νεῖκος ὀρεῖται φυλόπιδος· μάλα δʼ ὦκα διακρινθέντας ὀΐω ἂψ ἴμεν Οὔλυμπον δὲ θεῶν μεθʼ ὁμήγυριν ἄλλων ἡμετέρῃς ὑπὸ χερσὶν ἀναγκαίηφι δαμέντας. ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας ἡγήσατο κυανοχαίτης 145τεῖχος ἐς ἀμφίχυτον Ἡρακλῆος θείοιο ὑψηλόν, τό ῥά οἱ Τρῶες καὶ Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη ποίεον, ὄφρα τὸ κῆτος ὑπεκπροφυγὼν ἀλέαιτο, ὁππότε μιν σεύαιτο ἀπʼ ἠϊόνος πεδίον δέ. ἔνθα Ποσειδάων κατʼ ἄρʼ ἕζετο καὶ θεοὶ ἄλλοι, 150ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ ἄρρηκτον νεφέλην ὤμοισιν ἕσαντο· οἳ δʼ ἑτέρωσε καθῖζον ἐπʼ ὀφρύσι Καλλικολώνης ἀμφὶ σὲ ἤϊε Φοῖβε καὶ Ἄρηα πτολίπορθον. ὣς οἳ μέν ῥʼ ἑκάτερθε καθήατο μητιόωντες βουλάς· ἀρχέμεναι δὲ δυσηλεγέος πολέμοιο 155ὄκνεον ἀμφότεροι, Ζεὺς δʼ ἥμενος ὕψι κέλευε.

Then Poseidon, the Shaker of Earth, answered her: Hera, be not thou wroth beyond what is wise; thou needest not at all. I verily were not fain to make gods clash with gods in strife. Nay, for our part let us rather go apart from the track unto some place of outlook, and sit us there, and war shall be for men. But if so be Ares or Phoebus Apollo shall make beginning of fight, or shall keep Achilles in check and suffer him not to do battle, then forthwith from us likewise shall the strife of war arise; and right soon, methinks, shall they separate them from the battle and hie them back to Olympus, to the gathering of the other gods, vanquished beneath our hands perforce. So saying, the dark-haired god led the way to the heaped-up wall of godlike Heracles, the high wall that the Trojans and Pallas Athene had builded for him, to the end that he might flee thither and escape from the monster of the deep, whenso the monster drave him from the seashore to the plain. There Poseidon and the other gods sate them down, and clothed their shoulders round about with a cloud that might not be rent; and they of the other part sat over against them on the brows of Callicolone, round about thee, O archer Phoebus, and Ares, sacker of cities. So sat they on either side devising counsels, but to make beginning of grievous war both sides were loath, albeit Zeus, that sitteth on high, had bidden them.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.