Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 20.156–258: Achilles and Aeneas exchange words

Aeneas and Achilles meet between the armies, and Achilles asks why Aeneas has come out to fight him, reminding him that he once chased him down Mount Ida after taking his cattle. Aeneas answers that he will not be frightened by words, and tells his descent from Dardanus through Tros, Ilus and Laomedon, saying that Zeus gives men strength as he wills.

Lines 20.156–258 · 1125 words · click a number to copy its link
156τῶν δʼ ἅπαν ἐπλήσθη πεδίον καὶ λάμπετο χαλκῷ ἀνδρῶν ἠδʼ ἵππων· κάρκαιρε δὲ γαῖα πόδεσσιν ὀρνυμένων ἄμυδις. δύο δʼ ἀνέρες ἔξοχʼ ἄριστοι ἐς μέσον ἀμφοτέρων συνίτην μεμαῶτε μάχεσθαι 160Αἰνείας τʼ Ἀγχισιάδης καὶ δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς. Αἰνείας δὲ πρῶτος ἀπειλήσας ἐβεβήκει νευστάζων κόρυθι βριαρῇ· ἀτὰρ ἀσπίδα θοῦριν πρόσθεν ἔχε στέρνοιο, τίνασσε δὲ χάλκεον ἔγχος. Πηλεΐδης δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἐναντίον ὦρτο λέων ὣς 165σίντης, ὅν τε καὶ ἄνδρες ἀποκτάμεναι μεμάασιν ἀγρόμενοι πᾶς δῆμος· ὃ δὲ πρῶτον μὲν ἀτίζων ἔρχεται, ἀλλʼ ὅτε κέν τις ἀρηϊθόων αἰζηῶν δουρὶ βάλῃ ἐάλη τε χανών, περί τʼ ἀφρὸς ὀδόντας γίγνεται, ἐν δέ τέ οἱ κραδίῃ στένει ἄλκιμον ἦτορ, 170οὐρῇ δὲ πλευράς τε καὶ ἰσχία ἀμφοτέρωθεν μαστίεται, ἑὲ δʼ αὐτὸν ἐποτρύνει μαχέσασθαι, γλαυκιόων δʼ ἰθὺς φέρεται μένει, ἤν τινα πέφνῃ ἀνδρῶν, ἢ αὐτὸς φθίεται πρώτῳ ἐν ὁμίλῳ· ὣς Ἀχιλῆʼ ὄτρυνε μένος καὶ θυμὸς ἀγήνωρ 175ἀντίον ἐλθέμεναι μεγαλήτορος Αἰνείαο.

Howbeit the whole plain was filled with men and horses, and aflame with bronze, and the earth resounded beneath their feet as they rushed together; and two warriors best by far of all came one against the other into the space between the two hosts, eager to do battle, even Aeneas, Anchises' son, and goodly Achilles. Aeneas first strode forth with threatening mien, his heavy hem nodding above him; his valorous shield he held before his breast, and he brandished a spear of bronze. And on the other side the son of Peleus rushed against him him like a lion, a ravening lion that men are fain to slay, even a whole folk that be gathered together; and he at the first recking naught of them goeth his way, but when one of the youths swift in battle hath smitten him with a spear-cast, then he gathereth himself open-mouthed, and foam cometh forth about his teeth, and in his heart his valiant spirit groaneth, and with his tail he lasheth his ribs and his flanks on this side and on that, and rouseth himself to fight, and with glaring eyes he rusheth straight on in his fury, whether he slay some man or himself be slain in the foremost throng; even so was Achilles driven by his fury, and his lordly spirit to go forth to face great-hearted Aeneas.

176οἳ δʼ ὅτε δὴ σχεδὸν ἦσαν ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισιν ἰόντες, τὸν πρότερος προσέειπε ποδάρκης δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς· Αἰνεία τί σὺ τόσσον ὁμίλου πολλὸν ἐπελθὼν ἔστης; ἦ σέ γε θυμὸς ἐμοὶ μαχέσασθαι ἀνώγει 180ἐλπόμενον Τρώεσσιν ἀνάξειν ἱπποδάμοισι τιμῆς τῆς Πριάμου; ἀτὰρ εἴ κεν ἔμʼ ἐξεναρίξῃς, οὔ τοι τοὔνεκά γε Πρίαμος γέρας ἐν χερὶ θήσει· εἰσὶν γάρ οἱ παῖδες, ὃ δʼ ἔμπεδος οὐδʼ ἀεσίφρων. ἦ νύ τί τοι Τρῶες τέμενος τάμον ἔξοχον ἄλλων 185καλὸν φυταλιῆς καὶ ἀρούρης, ὄφρα νέμηαι αἴ κεν ἐμὲ κτείνῃς; χαλεπῶς δέ σʼ ἔολπα τὸ ῥέξειν. ἤδη μὲν σέ γέ φημι καὶ ἄλλοτε δουρὶ φοβῆσαι. ἦ οὐ μέμνῃ ὅτε πέρ σε βοῶν ἄπο μοῦνον ἐόντα σεῦα κατʼ Ἰδαίων ὀρέων ταχέεσσι πόδεσσι 190καρπαλίμως; τότε δʼ οὔ τι μετατροπαλίζεο φεύγων. ἔνθεν δʼ ἐς Λυρνησσὸν ὑπέκφυγες· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ τὴν πέρσα μεθορμηθεὶς σὺν Ἀθήνῃ καὶ Διὶ πατρί, ληϊάδας δὲ γυναῖκας ἐλεύθερον ἦμαρ ἀπούρας ἦγον· ἀτὰρ σὲ Ζεὺς ἐρρύσατο καὶ θεοὶ ἄλλοι.

And when they were come near, as they advanced one against the other, then first unto Aeneas spake swift-footed goodly Achilles: Aeneas, wherefore hast thou sallied thus far forth from the throng to stand and face me? Is it that thy heart biddeth thee fight with me in hope that thou shalt be master of Priam's sovreignty amid the horse-taming Trojans? Nay, but though thou slayest me, not for that shall Priam place his kingship in thy hands, for he hath sons, and withal is sound and nowise flighty of mind. Or have the Trojans meted out for thee a demesne pre-eminent above all, a fair tract of orchard and of plough-land, that thou mayest possess it, if so be thou slayest me? Hard, methinks, wilt thou find that deed. Aye, for on another day ere now methinks I drave thee before my, spear. Dost thou not remember when thou wast alone and I made thee run from the kine down with swift steps from Ida's hills in headlong haste? On that day didst thou not once look behind thee in thy flight. Thence thou fleddest forth to Lyrnessus, but I laid it waste, assailing it with the aid of Athene and father Zeus, and the women I led captive and took from them the day of freedom; but thyself thou wast saved by Zeus and the other gods.

195ἀλλʼ οὐ νῦν ἐρύεσθαι ὀΐομαι, ὡς ἐνὶ θυμῷ βάλλεαι· ἀλλά σʼ ἔγωγʼ ἀναχωρήσαντα κελεύω ἐς πληθὺν ἰέναι, μηδʼ ἀντίος ἵστασʼ ἐμεῖο, πρίν τι κακὸν παθέειν· ῥεχθὲν δέ τε νήπιος ἔγνω. τὸν δʼ αὖτʼ Αἰνείας ἀπαμείβετο φώνησέν τε· 200Πηλεΐδη μὴ δὴ ἐπέεσσί με νηπύτιον ὣς ἔλπεο δειδίξεσθαι, ἐπεὶ σάφα οἶδα καὶ αὐτὸς ἠμὲν κερτομίας ἠδʼ αἴσυλα μυθήσασθαι. ἴδμεν δʼ ἀλλήλων γενεήν, ἴδμεν δὲ τοκῆας πρόκλυτʼ ἀκούοντες ἔπεα θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων· 205ὄψει δʼ οὔτʼ ἄρ πω σὺ ἐμοὺς ἴδες οὔτʼ ἄρʼ ἐγὼ σούς. φασὶ σὲ μὲν Πηλῆος ἀμύμονος ἔκγονον εἶναι, μητρὸς δʼ ἐκ Θέτιδος καλλιπλοκάμου ἁλοσύδνης· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν υἱὸς μεγαλήτορος Ἀγχίσαο εὔχομαι ἐκγεγάμεν, μήτηρ δέ μοί ἐστʼ Ἀφροδίτη· 210τῶν δὴ νῦν ἕτεροί γε φίλον παῖδα κλαύσονται σήμερον· οὐ γάρ φημʼ ἐπέεσσί γε νηπυτίοισιν ὧδε διακρινθέντε μάχης ἐξαπονέεσθαι.

Howbeit not this day, methinks, shall he save thee, as thou deemest in thy heart; nay, of myself I bid thee get thee back into the throng and stand not forth to face me, ere yet some evil befall thee; when it is wrought even a fool getteth understanding. Then Aeneas answered him and said: Son of Peleus, think not with words to afright me, as I were a child, seeing I know well of myself to utter taunts and withal speech that is seemly. We know each other's lineage, and each other's parents, for we have heard the tales told in olden days by mortal men; but with sight of eyes hast thou never seen my parents nor I thine. Men say that thou art son of peerless Peleus, and that thy mother was fair-tressed Thetis, a daughter of the sea; but for me, I declare thiat I am son of great-hearted Anchises, and my mother is Aphrodite. Of these shall one pair or the other mourn a dear son this day; for verily not with childish words, I deem, shall we twain thus part one from the other and return from out the battle.

213εἰ δʼ ἐθέλεις καὶ ταῦτα δαήμεναι, ὄφρʼ ἐῢ εἰδῇς ἡμετέρην γενεήν, πολλοὶ δέ μιν ἄνδρες ἴσασι· 215Δάρδανον αὖ πρῶτον τέκετο νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς, κτίσσε δὲ Δαρδανίην, ἐπεὶ οὔ πω Ἴλιος ἱρὴ ἐν πεδίῳ πεπόλιστο πόλις μερόπων ἀνθρώπων, ἀλλʼ ἔθʼ ὑπωρείας ᾤκεον πολυπίδακος Ἴδης. Δάρδανος αὖ τέκεθʼ υἱὸν Ἐριχθόνιον βασιλῆα, 220ὃς δὴ ἀφνειότατος γένετο θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων· τοῦ τρισχίλιαι ἵπποι ἕλος κάτα βουκολέοντο θήλειαι, πώλοισιν ἀγαλλόμεναι ἀταλῇσι. τάων καὶ Βορέης ἠράσσατο βοσκομενάων, ἵππῳ δʼ εἰσάμενος παρελέξατο κυανοχαίτῃ· 225αἳ δʼ ὑποκυσάμεναι ἔτεκον δυοκαίδεκα πώλους. αἳ δʼ ὅτε μὲν σκιρτῷεν ἐπὶ ζείδωρον ἄρουραν, ἄκρον ἐπʼ ἀνθερίκων καρπὸν θέον οὐδὲ κατέκλων· ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ σκιρτῷεν ἐπʼ εὐρέα νῶτα θαλάσσης, ἄκρον ἐπὶ ῥηγμῖνος ἁλὸς πολιοῖο θέεσκον.

Howbeit, if thou wilt, hear this also, that thou mayest know well my lineage, and many there be that know it: at the first Zeus, the cloud-gatherer, begat Dardanus, and he founded Dardania, for not yet was sacred Ilios builded in the plain to be a city of mortal men, but they still dwelt upon the slopes of many-fountained Ida. And Dardanus in turn begat a son, king Erichthonius, who became richest of mortal men. Three thousand steeds had he that pastured in the marsh-land; mares were they. rejoicing in their tender foals. Of these as they grazed the North Wind became enamoured, and he likened himself to a dark-maned stallion and covered them; and they conceived, and bare twelve fillies These, when they bounded over the earth, the giver of grain, would course over the topmost ears of ripened corn and break them not, and whenso they bounded over the broad back of the sea, would course over the topmost breakers of the hoary brine.

230Τρῶα δʼ Ἐριχθόνιος τέκετο Τρώεσσιν ἄνακτα· Τρωὸς δʼ αὖ τρεῖς παῖδες ἀμύμονες ἐξεγένοντο Ἶλός τʼ Ἀσσάρακός τε καὶ ἀντίθεος Γανυμήδης, ὃς δὴ κάλλιστος γένετο θνητῶν ἀνθρώπων· τὸν καὶ ἀνηρείψαντο θεοὶ Διὶ οἰνοχοεύειν 235κάλλεος εἵνεκα οἷο ἵνʼ ἀθανάτοισι μετείη. Ἶλος δʼ αὖ τέκεθʼ υἱὸν ἀμύμονα Λαομέδοντα· Λαομέδων δʼ ἄρα Τιθωνὸν τέκετο Πρίαμόν τε Λάμπόν τε Κλυτίον θʼ Ἱκετάονά τʼ ὄζον Ἄρηος· Ἀσσάρακος δὲ Κάπυν, ὃ δʼ ἄρʼ Ἀγχίσην τέκε παῖδα· 240αὐτὰρ ἔμʼ Ἀγχίσης, Πρίαμος δʼ ἔτεχʼ Ἕκτορα δῖον. ταύτης τοι γενεῆς τε καὶ αἵματος εὔχομαι εἶναι. Ζεὺς δʼ ἀρετὴν ἄνδρεσσιν ὀφέλλει τε μινύθει τε ὅππως κεν ἐθέλῃσιν· ὃ γὰρ κάρτιστος ἁπάντων. ἀλλʼ ἄγε μηκέτι ταῦτα λεγώμεθα νηπύτιοι ὣς 245ἑσταότʼ ἐν μέσσῃ ὑσμίνῃ δηϊοτῆτος. ἔστι γὰρ ἀμφοτέροισιν ὀνείδεα μυθήσασθαι πολλὰ μάλʼ, οὐδʼ ἂν νηῦς ἑκατόζυγος ἄχθος ἄροιτο. στρεπτὴ δὲ γλῶσσʼ ἐστὶ βροτῶν, πολέες δʼ ἔνι μῦθοι παντοῖοι, ἐπέων δὲ πολὺς νομὸς ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα. 250ὁπποῖόν κʼ εἴπῃσθα ἔπος, τοῖόν κʼ ἐπακούσαις. ἀλλὰ τί ἢ ἔριδας καὶ νείκεα νῶϊν ἀνάγκη νεικεῖν ἀλλήλοισιν ἐναντίον ὥς τε γυναῖκας, αἵ τε χολωσάμεναι ἔριδος πέρι θυμοβόροιο νεικεῦσʼ ἀλλήλῃσι μέσην ἐς ἄγυιαν ἰοῦσαι 255πόλλʼ ἐτεά τε καὶ οὐκί· χόλος δέ τε καὶ τὰ κελεύει. ἀλκῆς δʼ οὔ μʼ ἐπέεσσιν ἀποτρέψεις μεμαῶτα πρὶν χαλκῷ μαχέσασθαι ἐναντίον· ἀλλʼ ἄγε θᾶσσον γευσόμεθʼ ἀλλήλων χαλκήρεσιν ἐγχείῃσιν.

And Erichthonius begat Tros to be king among the Trojans, and from Tros again three peerless sons were born, Ilus, and Assaracus, and godlike Ganymedes that was born the fairest of mortal men; wherefore the gods caught him up on high to be cupbearer to Zeus by reason of his beauty, that he might dwell with the immortals. And Ilus again begat a son, peerless Laomedon, and Laomedon begat Tithonus and Priam and Clytius, and Hicetaon, scion of Ares. And Assaracus begat Capys, and he Anchises; but Anchises begat me and Priam goodly Hector. This then is the lineage amid the blood wherefrom I avow me sprung. But as for valour, it is Zeus that increaseth it for men or minisheth it, even as himself willeth, seeing he is mightiest of all. But come, no longer let us talk thus like children, as we twain stand in the midst of the strife of battle. Revilings are there for both of us to utter, revilings full many; a ship of an hundred benches would not bear the load thereof. Glib is the tongue of mortals, and words there be therein many and manifold, and of speech the range is wide on this side and on that. Whatsoever word thou speakest, such shalt thou also hear. But what need have we twain to bandy strifes and wranglings one with the other like women, that when they have waxed wroth in soul-devouring strife go forth into the midst of the street and wrangle one against the other with words true and false; for even these wrath biddeth them speak. But from battle, seeing I am eager therefor, shalt thou not by words turn me till we have fought with the bronze man to man; nay, come, let us forthwith make trial each of the other with bronze-tipped spears.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.