Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 16.684–783: Patroclus at the wall of Troy; Cebriones

Patroclus, forgetting Achilles' warning, charges up to the wall of Troy, where three times Apollo thrusts him back and tells him that Troy is not fated to fall to him. Apollo, in the likeness of Asius, urges Hector to turn against Patroclus, and Patroclus kills Cebriones with a stone. The two sides fight over Cebriones' body like lions over a deer, until the Achaeans drag it away and strip his armour.

Lines 16.684–783 · 1102 words · click a number to copy its link
684Πάτροκλος δʼ ἵπποισι καὶ Αὐτομέδοντι κελεύσας 685Τρῶας καὶ Λυκίους μετεκίαθε, καὶ μέγʼ ἀάσθη νήπιος· εἰ δὲ ἔπος Πηληϊάδαο φύλαξεν ἦ τʼ ἂν ὑπέκφυγε κῆρα κακὴν μέλανος θανάτοιο. ἀλλʼ αἰεί τε Διὸς κρείσσων νόος ἠέ περ ἀνδρῶν· ὅς τε καὶ ἄλκιμον ἄνδρα φοβεῖ καὶ ἀφείλετο νίκην 690ῥηϊδίως, ὅτε δʼ αὐτὸς ἐποτρύνῃσι μάχεσθαι· ὅς οἱ καὶ τότε θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἀνῆκεν. ἔνθα τίνα πρῶτον τίνα δʼ ὕστατον ἐξενάριξας Πατρόκλεις, ὅτε δή σε θεοὶ θάνατον δὲ κάλεσσαν; Ἄδρηστον μὲν πρῶτα καὶ Αὐτόνοον καὶ Ἔχεκλον 695καὶ Πέριμον Μεγάδην καὶ Ἐπίστορα καὶ Μελάνιππον, αὐτὰρ ἔπειτʼ Ἔλασον καὶ Μούλιον ἠδὲ Πυλάρτην· τοὺς ἕλεν· οἳ δʼ ἄλλοι φύγαδε μνώοντο ἕκαστος. ἔνθά κεν ὑψίπυλον Τροίην ἕλον υἷες Ἀχαιῶν Πατρόκλου ὑπὸ χερσί, περὶ πρὸ γὰρ ἔγχεϊ θῦεν, 700εἰ μὴ Ἀπόλλων Φοῖβος ἐϋδμήτου ἐπὶ πύργου ἔστη τῷ ὀλοὰ φρονέων, Τρώεσσι δʼ ἀρήγων. τρὶς μὲν ἐπʼ ἀγκῶνος βῆ τείχεος ὑψηλοῖο Πάτροκλος, τρὶς δʼ αὐτὸν ἀπεστυφέλιξεν Ἀπόλλων χείρεσσʼ ἀθανάτῃσι φαεινὴν ἀσπίδα νύσσων.

But Patroclus with a call to his horses and to Automedon, pressed after the Trojans and Lycians, and was greatly blinded in heart, fool that he was! for had he observed the word of the son of Peleus, he would verily have escaped the evil fate of black death. But ever is the intent of Zeus stronger than that of men, for he driveth even a valiant man in rout, and robbeth him of victory full easily, and again of himself he rouseth men to fight; and he it was that now put fury in the breast of Patroclus. Then whom first, whom last didst thou slay, Patroclus, when the gods called thee deathward? Adrastus first, and Autonous, and Echeclus, and Perimus, son of Megas, and Epistor, and Melanippus, and thereafter Elasus, and Mulius, and Pylartes: these he slew, and the others bethought them each man of flight. Then would the sons of the Achaeans have taken high-gated Troy by the hands of Patroclus, for around and before him he raged with his spear, had not Phoebus Apollo taken his stand upon the well-builded wall thinking thoughts of bane for him, but bearing aid to the Trojans. Thrice did Patroclus set foot upon a corner of the high wall, and thrice did Apollo fling him back, thrusting against the bright shield with his immortal hands.

705ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τὸ τέταρτον ἐπέσσυτο δαίμονι ἶσος, δεινὰ δʼ ὁμοκλήσας ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· χάζεο διογενὲς Πατρόκλεες· οὔ νύ τοι αἶσα σῷ ὑπὸ δουρὶ πόλιν πέρθαι Τρώων ἀγερώχων, οὐδʼ ὑπʼ Ἀχιλλῆος, ὅς περ σέο πολλὸν ἀμείνων. 710ὣς φάτο, Πάτροκλος δʼ ἀνεχάζετο πολλὸν ὀπίσσω μῆνιν ἀλευάμενος ἑκατηβόλου Ἀπόλλωνος. Ἕκτωρ δʼ ἐν Σκαιῇσι πύλῃς ἔχε μώνυχας ἵππους· δίζε γὰρ ἠὲ μάχοιτο κατὰ κλόνον αὖτις ἐλάσσας, ἦ λαοὺς ἐς τεῖχος ὁμοκλήσειεν ἀλῆναι. 715ταῦτʼ ἄρα οἱ φρονέοντι παρίστατο Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων ἀνέρι εἰσάμενος αἰζηῷ τε κρατερῷ τε Ἀσίῳ, ὃς μήτρως ἦν Ἕκτορος ἱπποδάμοιο αὐτοκασίγνητος Ἑκάβης, υἱὸς δὲ Δύμαντος, ὃς Φρυγίῃ ναίεσκε ῥοῇς ἔπι Σαγγαρίοιο· 720τῷ μιν ἐεισάμενος προσέφη Διὸς υἱὸς Ἀπόλλων· Ἕκτορ τίπτε μάχης ἀποπαύεαι; οὐδέ τί σε χρή. αἴθʼ ὅσον ἥσσων εἰμί, τόσον σέο φέρτερος εἴην· τώ κε τάχα στυγερῶς πολέμου ἀπερωήσειας.

But when for the fourth time he rushed on like a god, then with a terrible cry Apollo spake to him winged words: Give back, Zeus-born Patroclus. It is not fated, I tell thee, that by thy spear the city of the lordly Trojans shall be laid waste, nay, nor by that of Achilles, who is better far than thou. So spake he, and Patroclus gave ground a great space backward, avoiding the wrath of Apollo that smiteth afar. But Hector at the Scaean gate was staying his single-hoofed horses, for he was divided in mind, whether he should drive again into the turmoil and do battle, or should call to the host to gather them within the wall. And while he pondered thus there drew nigh to him Phoebus Apollo in the likeness of a young man and a strong, even of Asius, that was uncle to horse-taming Hector, and own brother to Hecabe, but son of Dymas, that dwelt in Phrygia by the streams of Sangarius. In his likeness spake Apollo, the son of Zeus, unto Hector: Hector, wherefore dost thou cease from battle? It beseemeth thee not. I would that I were as much stronger than thou as I am weaker; then straightway would it be to thine own hurt that thou drawest back from the war.

724ἀλλʼ ἄγε Πατρόκλῳ ἔφεπε κρατερώνυχας ἵππους, 725αἴ κέν πώς μιν ἕλῃς, δώῃ δέ τοι εὖχος Ἀπόλλων. ὣς εἰπὼν ὃ μὲν αὖτις ἔβη θεὸς ἂμ πόνον ἀνδρῶν, Κεβριόνῃ δʼ ἐκέλευσε δαΐφρονι φαίδιμος Ἕκτωρ ἵππους ἐς πόλεμον πεπληγέμεν. αὐτὰρ Ἀπόλλων δύσεθʼ ὅμιλον ἰών, ἐν δὲ κλόνον Ἀργείοισιν 730ἧκε κακόν, Τρωσὶν δὲ καὶ Ἕκτορι κῦδος ὄπαζεν. Ἕκτωρ δʼ ἄλλους μὲν Δαναοὺς ἔα οὐδʼ ἐνάριζεν· αὐτὰρ ὃ Πατρόκλῳ ἔφεπε κρατερώνυχας ἵππους. Πάτροκλος δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἀφʼ ἵππων ἆλτο χαμᾶζε σκαιῇ ἔγχος ἔχων· ἑτέρηφι δὲ λάζετο πέτρον 735μάρμαρον ὀκριόεντα τόν οἱ περὶ χεὶρ ἐκάλυψεν, ἧκε δʼ ἐρεισάμενος, οὐδὲ δὴν χάζετο φωτός, οὐδʼ ἁλίωσε βέλος, βάλε δʼ Ἕκτορος ἡνιοχῆα Κεβριόνην νόθον υἱὸν ἀγακλῆος Πριάμοιο ἵππων ἡνίʼ ἔχοντα μετώπιον ὀξέϊ λᾶϊ. 740ἀμφοτέρας δʼ ὀφρῦς σύνελεν λίθος, οὐδέ οἱ ἔσχεν ὀστέον, ὀφθαλμοὶ δὲ χαμαὶ πέσον ἐν κονίῃσιν αὐτοῦ πρόσθε ποδῶν· ὃ δʼ ἄρʼ ἀρνευτῆρι ἐοικὼς κάππεσʼ ἀπʼ εὐεργέος δίφρου, λίπε δʼ ὀστέα θυμός.

Nay, come, drive against Patroclus thy strong-hoofed horses, if so be thou mayest slay him, and Apollo give thee glory. So spake he, and went back again, a god into the toil of men. Then unto wise-hearted Cebriones glorious Hector gave command to lash his horses into the battle. But Apollo went his way, and entered into the throng, and sent an evil panic upon the Argives, and vouchsafed glory to the Trojans and to Hector. But Hector let be the other Danaans, neither sought to stay them, but drave his strong-hoofed horses against Patroclus; and Patroclus over against him leapt from his chariot to the ground with a spear in his left hand, while with the other he grasped a stone, shining and jagged, that his hand compassed about. Firmly he planted himself, and hurled it, neither had he long awe of his foe, nor sped he his missile in vain, but smote the charioteer of Hector, even Cebriones, a bastard son of glorious Priam, upon the forehead with the sharp stone, as he was holding the reins of the horses. And both his brows did the stone dash together, and the bone held not, but the eyes fell to the ground in the dust even there, before his feet. And like a diver he fell from the well-wrought car, and his spirit left his bones.

744τὸν δʼ ἐπικερτομέων προσέφης Πατρόκλεες ἱππεῦ· 745ὢ πόποι ἦ μάλʼ ἐλαφρὸς ἀνήρ, ὡς ῥεῖα κυβιστᾷ. εἰ δή που καὶ πόντῳ ἐν ἰχθυόεντι γένοιτο, πολλοὺς ἂν κορέσειεν ἀνὴρ ὅδε τήθεα διφῶν νηὸς ἀποθρῴσκων, εἰ καὶ δυσπέμφελος εἴη, ὡς νῦν ἐν πεδίῳ ἐξ ἵππων ῥεῖα κυβιστᾷ. 750ἦ ῥα καὶ ἐν Τρώεσσι κυβιστητῆρες ἔασιν. ὣς εἰπὼν ἐπὶ Κεβριόνῃ ἥρωϊ βεβήκει οἶμα λέοντος ἔχων, ὅς τε σταθμοὺς κεραΐζων ἔβλητο πρὸς στῆθος, ἑή τέ μιν ὤλεσεν ἀλκή· ὣς ἐπὶ Κεβριόνῃ Πατρόκλεες ἆλσο μεμαώς. 755Ἕκτωρ δʼ αὖθʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἀφʼ ἵππων ἆλτο χαμᾶζε. τὼ περὶ Κεβριόναο λέονθʼ ὣς δηρινθήτην, ὥ τʼ ὄρεος κορυφῇσι περὶ κταμένης ἐλάφοιο ἄμφω πεινάοντε μέγα φρονέοντε μάχεσθον· ὣς περὶ Κεβριόναο δύω μήστωρες ἀϋτῆς 760Πάτροκλός τε Μενοιτιάδης καὶ φαίδιμος Ἕκτωρ ἵεντʼ ἀλλήλων ταμέειν χρόα νηλέϊ χαλκῷ. Ἕκτωρ μὲν κεφαλῆφιν ἐπεὶ λάβεν οὐχὶ μεθίει· Πάτροκλος δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἔχεν ποδός· οἳ δὲ δὴ ἄλλοι Τρῶες καὶ Δαναοὶ σύναγον κρατερὴν ὑσμίνην.

Then with mocking words didst thou speak to him, knight Patroclus: Hah, look you, verily nimble is the man; how lightly he diveth! In sooth if he were on the teeming deep, this man would satisfy many by seeking for oysters, leaping from his ship were the sea never so stormy, seeing that now on the plain he diveth lightly from his car. Verily among the Trojans too there be men that dive. So saying he made for the warrior Cebriones with the rush of a lion that, while he wasteth the farm-stead, hath been smitten on the breast, and his own valour bringeth him to ruin; even so upon Cebriones, O Patroclus, didst thou leap furiously. And Hector over against him leapt from his chariot to the ground. So the twain joined in strife for Cebriones like two lions, that on the peaks of a mountain fight for a slain hind, both of them hungering, both high of heart; even so for Cebriones the two masters of the war-cry, even Patroclus, son of Menoetius, and glorious Hector, were fain each to cleave the other's flesh with the pitiless bronze. Hector, when once he had seized the corpse by the head, would not loose his hold, and Patroclus over against him held fast hold of the foot; and about them the others, Trojans and Danaans, joined in fierce conflict.

765ὡς δʼ Εὖρός τε Νότος τʼ ἐριδαίνετον ἀλλήλοιιν οὔρεος ἐν βήσσῃς βαθέην πελεμιζέμεν ὕλην φηγόν τε μελίην τε τανύφλοιόν τε κράνειαν, αἵ τε πρὸς ἀλλήλας ἔβαλον τανυήκεας ὄζους ἠχῇ θεσπεσίῃ, πάταγος δέ τε ἀγνυμενάων, 770ὣς Τρῶες καὶ Ἀχαιοὶ ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισι θορόντες δῄουν, οὐδʼ ἕτεροι μνώοντʼ ὀλοοῖο φόβοιο. πολλὰ δὲ Κεβριόνην ἀμφʼ ὀξέα δοῦρα πεπήγει ἰοί τε πτερόεντες ἀπὸ νευρῆφι θορόντες, πολλὰ δὲ χερμάδια μεγάλʼ ἀσπίδας ἐστυφέλιξαν 775μαρναμένων ἀμφʼ αὐτόν· ὃ δʼ ἐν στροφάλιγγι κονίης κεῖτο μέγας μεγαλωστί, λελασμένος ἱπποσυνάων. ὄφρα μὲν Ἠέλιος μέσον οὐρανὸν ἀμφιβεβήκει, τόφρα μάλʼ ἀμφοτέρων βέλεʼ ἥπτετο, πῖπτε δὲ λαός· ἦμος δʼ Ἠέλιος μετενίσετο βουλυτὸν δέ, 780καὶ τότε δή ῥʼ ὑπὲρ αἶσαν Ἀχαιοὶ φέρτεροι ἦσαν. ἐκ μὲν Κεβριόνην βελέων ἥρωα ἔρυσσαν Τρώων ἐξ ἐνοπῆς, καὶ ἀπʼ ὤμων τεύχεʼ ἕλοντο, Πάτροκλος δὲ Τρωσὶ κακὰ φρονέων ἐνόρουσε.

And as the East Wind and the South strive with one another in shaking a deep wood in the glades of a mountain,—a wood of beech and ash and smooth-barked cornel, and these dash one against the other their long boughs with a wondrous din, and there is a crashing of broken branches; even so the Trojans and Achaeans leapt one upon another and made havoc, nor would either side take thought of ruinous flight. And round about Cebriones many sharp spears were fixed, and many winged arrows that leapt from the bow-string, and many great stones smote against shields, as men fought around him. But he in the whirl of dust lay mighty in his mightiness, forgetful of his horsemanship. Now as long as the sun bestrode mid-heaven, so long the missiles of either side reached their mark, and the folk kept falling; but when he turned to the time for the unyoking of oxen, then verily beyond their portion the Achaeans proved the better. Forth from out the range of darts they drew the warrior Cebriones from the battle-din of the Trojans, and stripped the armour from his shoulders; and Patroclus with fell intent leapt upon the Trojans.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.