Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 15.390–483: Patroclus leaves Eurypylus; Teucer's bow breaks

While the fight is far from the ships, Patroclus sits beside Eurypylus, but when he sees the Trojans scaling the wall he hurries to Achilles. Ajax kills Lycophron, and Teucer's bowstring snaps as he is about to shoot Hector. Teucer says that a god has marred his fight, takes up a shield and spear in place of the bow, and Hector tells the Trojans that Zeus is helping them.

Lines 15.390–483 · 1086 words · click a number to copy its link
390Πάτροκλος δʼ εἷος μὲν Ἀχαιοί τε Τρῶές τε τείχεος ἀμφεμάχοντο θοάων ἔκτοθι νηῶν, τόφρʼ ὅ γʼ ἐνὶ κλισίῃ ἀγαπήνορος Εὐρυπύλοιο ἧστό τε καὶ τὸν ἔτερπε λόγοις, ἐπὶ δʼ ἕλκεϊ λυγρῷ φάρμακʼ ἀκέσματʼ ἔπασσε μελαινάων ὀδυνάων. 395αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ τεῖχος ἐπεσσυμένους ἐνόησε Τρῶας, ἀτὰρ Δαναῶν γένετο ἰαχή τε φόβος τε, ᾤμωξέν τʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα καὶ ὣ πεπλήγετο μηρὼ χερσὶ καταπρηνέσσʼ, ὀλοφυρόμενος δʼ ἔπος ηὔδα· Εὐρύπυλʼ οὐκ ἔτι τοι δύναμαι χατέοντί περʼ ἔμπης 400ἐνθάδε παρμενέμεν· δὴ γὰρ μέγα νεῖκος ὄρωρεν· ἀλλὰ σὲ μὲν θεράπων ποτιτερπέτω, αὐτὰρ ἔγωγε σπεύσομαι εἰς Ἀχιλῆα, ἵνʼ ὀτρύνω πολεμίζειν. τίς δʼ οἶδʼ εἴ κέν οἱ σὺν δαίμονι θυμὸν ὀρίνω παρειπών; ἀγαθὴ δὲ παραίφασίς ἐστιν ἑταίρου. 405τὸν μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς εἰπόντα πόδες φέρον· αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὶ Τρῶας ἐπερχομένους μένον ἔμπεδον, οὐδʼ ἐδύναντο παυροτέρους περ ἐόντας ἀπώσασθαι παρὰ νηῶν· οὐδέ ποτε Τρῶες Δαναῶν ἐδύναντο φάλαγγας ῥηξάμενοι κλισίῃσι μιγήμεναι ἠδὲ νέεσσιν.

And Patroclus, so long as the Achaeans and Trojans were fighting about the wall aloof from the swift ships, even so long sat in the hut of kindly Eurypylus, and was making him glad with talk, and on his grievous wound was spreading simples to assuage his dark pangs. But when he saw the Trojans rushing upon the wall, while the Danaans with loud cries turned in flight, then he uttered a groan, and smote his two thighs with the flat of his hands, and with wailing spake, saying: Eurypylus, in no wise may I abide longer with thee here, albeit thy need is sore; for lo, a mighty struggle hath arisen. Nay, as for thee, let thy squire bring thee comfort, but I will hasten to Achilles, that I may urge him on to do battle. Who knows but that, heaven helping, I may rouse his spirit with my persuading? A good thing is the persuasion of a comrade. When he had thus spoken his feet bare him on; but the Achaeans firmly abode the oncoming of the Trojans, yet availed not to thrust them back from the ships, albeit they were fewer, nor ever could the Trojans break the battalions of the Danaans and make way into the midst of the huts and the ships.

410ἀλλʼ ὥς τε στάθμη δόρυ νήϊον ἐξιθύνει τέκτονος ἐν παλάμῃσι δαήμονος, ὅς ῥά τε πάσης εὖ εἰδῇ σοφίης ὑποθημοσύνῃσιν Ἀθήνης, ὣς μὲν τῶν ἐπὶ ἶσα μάχη τέτατο πτόλεμός τε· ἄλλοι δʼ ἀμφʼ ἄλλῃσι μάχην ἐμάχοντο νέεσσιν, 415Ἕκτωρ δʼ ἄντʼ Αἴαντος ἐείσατο κυδαλίμοιο. τὼ δὲ μιῆς περὶ νηὸς ἔχον πόνον, οὐδὲ δύναντο οὔθʼ ὃ τὸν ἐξελάσαι καὶ ἐνιπρῆσαι πυρὶ νῆα οὔθʼ ὃ τὸν ἂψ ὤσασθαι, ἐπεί ῥʼ ἐπέλασσέ γε δαίμων. ἔνθʼ υἷα Κλυτίοιο Καλήτορα φαίδιμος Αἴας 420πῦρ ἐς νῆα φέροντα κατὰ στῆθος βάλε δουρί. δούπησεν δὲ πεσών, δαλὸς δέ οἱ ἔκπεσε χειρός. Ἕκτωρ δʼ ὡς ἐνόησεν ἀνεψιὸν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἐν κονίῃσι πεσόντα νεὸς προπάροιθε μελαίνης, Τρωσί τε καὶ Λυκίοισιν ἐκέκλετο μακρὸν ἀΰσας· 425Τρῶες καὶ Λύκιοι καὶ Δάρδανοι ἀγχιμαχηταὶ μὴ δή πω χάζεσθε μάχης ἐν στείνεϊ τῷδε, ἀλλʼ υἷα Κλυτίοιο σαώσατε, μή μιν Ἀχαιοὶ τεύχεα συλήσωσι νεῶν ἐν ἀγῶνι πεσόντα. ὣς εἰπὼν Αἴαντος ἀκόντισε δουρὶ φαεινῷ.

But as the carpenter's line maketh straight a ship's timber in the hands of a cunning workman, that is well skilled in all manner of craft by the promptings of Athene, so evenly was strained their war and battle. So fought they on, divers of them about divers ships, but Hector made straight for glorious Aias. They twain were labouring in the toil of war about the same ship, nor might the one drive back the other and burn the ship with fire, nor the other thrust him in back, now that a god had brought him nigh. Then did glorious Aias cast his spear and smite upon the breast Caletor, son of Clytius, as he was bearing fire against the ship; and he fell with a thud, and the torch dropped from out his hand. But Hector, when his eyes beheld his cousin fallen in the dust in front of the black ship, called to the Trojans and Lycians with a loud shout: Ye Trojans and Lycians and Dardanians that fight in close combat, in no wise give ye ground from battle in this strait: nay, save ye the son of Clytius, lest so be the Achaeans strip him of his armour, now that he is fallen amid the gathering of the ships.

430τοῦ μὲν ἅμαρθʼ, ὃ δʼ ἔπειτα Λυκόφρονα Μάστορος υἱὸν Αἴαντος θεράποντα Κυθήριον, ὅς ῥα παρʼ αὐτῷ ναῖʼ, ἐπεὶ ἄνδρα κατέκτα Κυθήροισι ζαθέοισι, τόν ῥʼ ἔβαλεν κεφαλὴν ὑπὲρ οὔατος ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ ἑσταότʼ ἄγχʼ Αἴαντος· ὃ δʼ ὕπτιος ἐν κονίῃσι 435νηὸς ἄπο πρυμνῆς χαμάδις πέσε, λύντο δὲ γυῖα. Αἴας δʼ ἐρρίγησε, κασίγνητον δὲ προσηύδα· Τεῦκρε πέπον δὴ νῶϊν ἀπέκτατο πιστὸς ἑταῖρος Μαστορίδης, ὃν νῶϊ Κυθηρόθεν ἔνδον ἐόντα ἶσα φίλοισι τοκεῦσιν ἐτίομεν ἐν μεγάροισι· 440τὸν δʼ Ἕκτωρ μεγάθυμος ἀπέκτανε. ποῦ νύ τοι ἰοὶ ὠκύμοροι καὶ τόξον ὅ τοι πόρε Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων; ὣς φάθʼ, ὃ δὲ ξυνέηκε, θέων δέ οἱ ἄγχι παρέστη, τόξον ἔχων ἐν χειρὶ παλίντονον ἠδὲ φαρέτρην ἰοδόκον· μάλα δʼ ὦκα βέλεα Τρώεσσιν ἐφίει. 445καί ῥʼ ἔβαλε Κλεῖτον Πεισήνορος ἀγλαὸν υἱὸν Πουλυδάμαντος ἑταῖρον ἀγαυοῦ Πανθοΐδαο ἡνία χερσὶν ἔχοντα· ὃ μὲν πεπόνητο καθʼ ἵππους· τῇ γὰρ ἔχʼ ᾗ ῥα πολὺ πλεῖσται κλονέοντο φάλαγγες Ἕκτορι καὶ Τρώεσσι χαριζόμενος· τάχα δʼ αὐτῷ 450ἦλθε κακόν, τό οἱ οὔ τις ἐρύκακεν ἱεμένων περ.

So saying, he hurled at Aias with his bright spear; him he missed, but Lycophron, Mastor's son, a squire of Aias from Cythera, who dwelt with him, for that he had slain a man in sacred Cythera—him Hector smote upon the head above the ear with the sharp bronze, even as he stood near Aias, and backward in the dust he fell to the ground from off the stern of the ship and his limbs were loosed. And Aias shuddered, and spake unto his brother: Good Teucer, verily a true comrade of us twain hath been laid low, even the son of Mastor, whom while he abode with us, being come from Cythera, we honoured in our halls even as our own parents. Him hath great-souled Hector slain. Where now are thy arrows that bring swift death, and the bow that Phoebus Apollos gave thee? So spake he, and the other hearkened, and ran, and took his stand close beside him, bearing in his hand his bent-back bow and the quiver that held his arrows; and full swiftly did he let fly his shafts upon the Trojans. And he smote Cleitus, the glorious son of Peisenor, comrade of Polydamas, the lordly son of Panthous, even as he was holding the reins in his hand, and was busied with his horses; for thither was he driving them, where the most battalions were being driven in rout, thus doing pleasure unto Hector and the Trojans. But full swiftly upon himself came evil that not one of them could ward off, how fain soever they were.

451αὐχένι γάρ οἱ ὄπισθε πολύστονος ἔμπεσεν ἰός· ἤριπε δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων, ὑπερώησαν δέ οἱ ἵπποι κείνʼ ὄχεα κροτέοντες. ἄναξ δʼ ἐνόησε τάχιστα Πουλυδάμας, καὶ πρῶτος ἐναντίος ἤλυθεν ἵππων. 455τοὺς μὲν ὅ γʼ Ἀστυνόῳ Προτιάονος υἱέϊ δῶκε, πολλὰ δʼ ἐπότρυνε σχεδὸν ἴσχειν εἰσορόωντα ἵππους· αὐτὸς δʼ αὖτις ἰὼν προμάχοισιν ἐμίχθη. Τεῦκρος δʼ ἄλλον ὀϊστὸν ἐφʼ Ἕκτορι χαλκοκορυστῇ αἴνυτο, καί κεν ἔπαυσε μάχης ἐπὶ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν, 460εἴ μιν ἀριστεύοντα βαλὼν ἐξείλετο θυμόν. ἀλλʼ οὐ λῆθε Διὸς πυκινὸν νόον, ὅς ῥʼ ἐφύλασσεν Ἕκτορʼ, ἀτὰρ Τεῦκρον Τελαμώνιον εὖχος ἀπηύρα, ὅς οἱ ἐϋστρεφέα νευρὴν ἐν ἀμύμονι τόξῳ ῥῆξʼ ἐπὶ τῷ ἐρύοντι· παρεπλάγχθη δέ οἱ ἄλλῃ 465ἰὸς χαλκοβαρής, τόξον δέ οἱ ἔκπεσε χειρός. Τεῦκρος δʼ ἐρρίγησε, κασίγνητον δὲ προσηύδα· ὢ πόποι ἦ δὴ πάγχυ μάχης ἐπὶ μήδεα κείρει δαίμων ἡμετέρης, ὅ τέ μοι βιὸν ἔκβαλε χειρός, νευρὴν δʼ ἐξέρρηξε νεόστροφον, ἣν ἐνέδησα 470πρώϊον, ὄφρʼ ἀνέχοιτο θαμὰ θρῴσκοντας ὀϊστούς. τὸν δʼ ἠμείβετʼ ἔπειτα μέγας Τελαμώνιος Αἴας· ὦ πέπον ἀλλὰ βιὸν μὲν ἔα καὶ ταρφέας ἰοὺς κεῖσθαι, ἐπεὶ συνέχευε θεὸς Δαναοῖσι μεγήρας· αὐτὰρ χερσὶν ἑλὼν δολιχὸν δόρυ καὶ σάκος ὤμῳ 475μάρναό τε Τρώεσσι καὶ ἄλλους ὄρνυθι λαούς. μὴ μὰν ἀσπουδί γε δαμασσάμενοί περ ἕλοιεν νῆας ἐϋσσέλμους, ἀλλὰ μνησώμεθα χάρμης. ὣς φάθʼ, ὃ δὲ τόξον μὲν ἐνὶ κλισίῃσιν ἔθηκεν, αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἀμφʼ ὤμοισι σάκος θέτο τετραθέλυμνον, 480κρατὶ δʼ ἐπʼ ἰφθίμῳ κυνέην εὔτυκτον ἔθηκεν ἵππουριν, δεινὸν δὲ λόφος καθύπερθεν ἔνευεν· εἵλετο δʼ ἄλκιμον ἔγχος ἀκαχμένον ὀξέϊ χαλκῷ, βῆ δʼ ἰέναι, μάλα δʼ ὦκα θέων Αἴαντι παρέστη.

For upon the back of his neck lighted the arrow fraught with groanings, and he fell from the chariot, and thereat the horses swerved aside, rattling the empty car. And the prince Polydamas swiftly marked it, and was first to stride toward the horses. These he gave to Astynous, son of Protiaon, and straitly enjoined him to hold them near at hand, watching him the while; and he himself went back and mingled with the foremost fighters. Then Teucer drew forth another arrow for Hector, harnessed in bronze, and would have made him cease from battle by the ships of the Achaeans, had he but smitten him while he was showing his prowess and taken away his life. But he was not unmarked of the wise mind of Zeus, who guarded Hector, and took the glory from Teucer, son of Telamon. For Zeus brake the well-twisted string upon the goodly bow, even as he was drawing it against Hector, and his arrow heavy with bronze was turned aside, and the bow fell from his hand. Then Teucer shuddered, and spake to his brother: Now look you, in good sooth a god is utterly bringing to naught the counsels of our battle, in that he hath cast the bow from my hand, and hath broken the newly-twisted string that I bound fast this morning that it might avail to bear the arrows that should leap thick and fast therefrom. Then great Telamonian Aias answered him: Aye, friend, but leave thou thy bow and thy many arrows to lie where they are, seeing that a god has confounded them, in malice toward the Danaans; but take thou in thy hand a long spear and a shield upon thy shoulder, and do battle with the Trojans, and urge on the rest of the folk. Verily not without a struggle, for all they have overpowered us, shall they take our well-benched ships; nay, let us bethink us of battle. So spake he, and Teucer laid the bow again within the hut, but about his shoulders put a fourfold shield, and upon his mighty head set a well-wrought helmet with horse-hair crest; and terribly did the plume nod from above; and he took a valorous spear, tipped with sharp bronze, and went his way, and swiftly ran and took his stand by the side of Aias.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.