Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 14.224–360: Hera and Sleep: the deception of Zeus on Ida

Hera goes to Lemnos and asks Sleep to lull Zeus once she has lain with him, promising him the young Grace Pasithea as his wife. They go to Ida, where Sleep perches in a fir-tree in the likeness of a bird, and Hera approaches Zeus, who is seized with desire for her. He persuades her to lie with him at once, hiding them in a golden cloud, and Sleep binds him, then goes to tell Poseidon to help the Danaans while Zeus sleeps.

Lines 14.224–360 · 1528 words · click a number to copy its link
224ἣ μὲν ἔβη πρὸς δῶμα Διὸς θυγάτηρ Ἀφροδίτη, 225Ἥρη δʼ ἀΐξασα λίπεν ῥίον Οὐλύμποιο, Πιερίην δʼ ἐπιβᾶσα καὶ Ἠμαθίην ἐρατεινὴν σεύατʼ ἐφʼ ἱπποπόλων Θρῃκῶν ὄρεα νιφόεντα ἀκροτάτας κορυφάς· οὐδὲ χθόνα μάρπτε ποδοῖιν· ἐξ Ἀθόω δʼ ἐπὶ πόντον ἐβήσετο κυμαίνοντα, 230Λῆμνον δʼ εἰσαφίκανε πόλιν θείοιο Θόαντος. ἔνθʼ Ὕπνῳ ξύμβλητο κασιγνήτῳ Θανάτοιο, ἔν τʼ ἄρα οἱ φῦ χειρὶ ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζεν· Ὕπνε ἄναξ πάντων τε θεῶν πάντων τʼ ἀνθρώπων, ἠμὲν δή ποτʼ ἐμὸν ἔπος ἔκλυες, ἠδʼ ἔτι καὶ νῦν 235πείθευ· ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι ἰδέω χάριν ἤματα πάντα. κοίμησόν μοι Ζηνὸς ὑπʼ ὀφρύσιν ὄσσε φαεινὼ αὐτίκʼ ἐπεί κεν ἐγὼ παραλέξομαι ἐν φιλότητι. δῶρα δέ τοι δώσω καλὸν θρόνον ἄφθιτον αἰεὶ χρύσεον· Ἥφαιστος δέ κʼ ἐμὸς πάϊς ἀμφιγυήεις 240τεύξειʼ ἀσκήσας, ὑπὸ δὲ θρῆνυν ποσὶν ἥσει, τῷ κεν ἐπισχοίης λιπαροὺς πόδας εἰλαπινάζων.

She then went to her house, the daughter of Zeus, Aphrodite, but Hera darted down and left the peak of Olympus; on Pieria she stepped and lovely Emathia, and sped over the snowy mountains of the Thracian horsemen, even over their topmost peaks, nor grazed she the ground with her feet; and from Athos she stepped upon the billowy sea, and so came to Lemnos, the city of godlike Thoas. There she met Sleep, the brother of Death; and she clasped him by the hand, and spake and addressed him: Sleep, lord of all gods and of all men, if ever thou didst hearken to word of mine, so do thou even now obey, and I will owe thee thanks all my days. Lull me to sleep the bright eyes of Zeus beneath his brows, so soon as I shall have lain me by his side in love. And gifts will I give thee, a fair throne, ever imperishable, wrought of gold, that Hephaestus, mine own son, the god of the two strong arms, shall fashion thee with skill, and beneath it shall he set a foot-stool for the feet, whereon thou mayest rest thy shining feet when thou quaffest thy wine.

242τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσεφώνεε νήδυμος Ὕπνος· Ἥρη πρέσβα θεὰ θύγατερ μεγάλοιο Κρόνοιο ἄλλον μέν κεν ἔγωγε θεῶν αἰειγενετάων 245ῥεῖα κατευνήσαιμι, καὶ ἂν ποταμοῖο ῥέεθρα Ὠκεανοῦ, ὅς περ γένεσις πάντεσσι τέτυκται· Ζηνὸς δʼ οὐκ ἂν ἔγωγε Κρονίονος ἆσσον ἱκοίμην οὐδὲ κατευνήσαιμʼ, ὅτε μὴ αὐτός γε κελεύοι. ἤδη γάρ με καὶ ἄλλο τεὴ ἐπίνυσσεν ἐφετμὴ 250ἤματι τῷ ὅτε κεῖνος ὑπέρθυμος Διὸς υἱὸς ἔπλεεν Ἰλιόθεν Τρώων πόλιν ἐξαλαπάξας. ἤτοι ἐγὼ μὲν ἔλεξα Διὸς νόον αἰγιόχοιο νήδυμος ἀμφιχυθείς· σὺ δέ οἱ κακὰ μήσαο θυμῷ ὄρσασʼ ἀργαλέων ἀνέμων ἐπὶ πόντον ἀήτας, 255καί μιν ἔπειτα Κόων δʼ εὖ ναιομένην ἀπένεικας νόσφι φίλων πάντων. ὃ δʼ ἐπεγρόμενος χαλέπαινε ῥιπτάζων κατὰ δῶμα θεούς, ἐμὲ δʼ ἔξοχα πάντων ζήτει· καί κέ μʼ ἄϊστον ἀπʼ αἰθέρος ἔμβαλε πόντῳ, εἰ μὴ Νὺξ δμήτειρα θεῶν ἐσάωσε καὶ ἀνδρῶν· 260τὴν ἱκόμην φεύγων, ὃ δʼ ἐπαύσατο χωόμενός περ. ἅζετο γὰρ μὴ Νυκτὶ θοῇ ἀποθύμια ἕρδοι.

Then sweet Sleep made answer to her, saying: Hera, queenly goddess, daughter of great Cronos, another of the gods, that are for ever, might I lightly lull to sleep, aye, were it even the streams of the river Oceanus, from whom they all are sprung; but to Zeus, son of Cronos, will I not draw nigh, neither lull him to slumber, unless of himself he bid me. For ere now in another matter did a behest of thine teach me a lesson, on the day when the glorious son of Zeus, high of heart, sailed forth from Ilios, when he had laid waste the city of the Trojans. I, verily, beguiled the mind of Zeus, that beareth the aegis, being shed in sweetness round about him, and thou didst devise evil in thy heart against his son, when thou hadst roused the blasts of cruel winds over the face of the deep, and thereafter didst bear him away unto well-peopled Cos, far from all his kinsfolk. But Zeus, when he awakened, was wroth, and flung the gods hither and thither about his palace, and me above all he sought, and would have hurled me from heaven into the deep to be no more seen, had Night not saved me—Night that bends to her sway both gods and men. To her I came in my flight, and besought her, and Zeus refrained him, albeit he was wroth, for he had awe lest he do aught displeasing to swift Night.

262νῦν αὖ τοῦτό μʼ ἄνωγας ἀμήχανον ἄλλο τελέσσαι. τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε βοῶπις πότνια Ἥρη· Ὕπνε τί ἢ δὲ σὺ ταῦτα μετὰ φρεσὶ σῇσι μενοινᾷς; 265ἦ φῂς ὣς Τρώεσσιν ἀρηξέμεν εὐρύοπα Ζῆν ὡς Ἡρακλῆος περιχώσατο παῖδος ἑοῖο; ἀλλʼ ἴθʼ, ἐγὼ δέ κέ τοι Χαρίτων μίαν ὁπλοτεράων δώσω ὀπυιέμεναι καὶ σὴν κεκλῆσθαι ἄκοιτιν. 270ὣς φάτο, χήρατο δʼ Ὕπνος, ἀμειβόμενος δὲ προσηύδα· ἄγρει νῦν μοι ὄμοσσον ἀάατον Στυγὸς ὕδωρ, χειρὶ δὲ τῇ ἑτέρῃ μὲν ἕλε χθόνα πουλυβότειραν, τῇ δʼ ἑτέρῃ ἅλα μαρμαρέην, ἵνα νῶϊν ἅπαντες μάρτυροι ὦσʼ οἳ ἔνερθε θεοὶ Κρόνον ἀμφὶς ἐόντες, 275ἦ μὲν ἐμοὶ δώσειν Χαρίτων μίαν ὁπλοτεράων Πασιθέην, ἧς τʼ αὐτὸς ἐέλδομαι ἤματα πάντα. ὣς ἔφατʼ, οὐδʼ ἀπίθησε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη, ὄμνυε δʼ ὡς ἐκέλευε, θεοὺς δʼ ὀνόμηνεν ἅπαντας τοὺς ὑποταρταρίους οἳ Τιτῆνες καλέονται. 280αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ὄμοσέν τε τελεύτησέν τε τὸν ὅρκον, τὼ βήτην Λήμνου τε καὶ Ἴμβρου ἄστυ λιπόντε ἠέρα ἑσσαμένω ῥίμφα πρήσσοντε κέλευθον.

And now again thou biddest me fulfill this other task, that may nowise be done. To him then spake again ox-eyed, queenly Hera: Sleep, wherefore ponderest thou of these things in thine heart? Deemest thou that Zeus, whose voice is borne afar, will aid the Trojans, even as he waxed wroth for the sake of Heracles, his own son? Nay, come, I will give thee one of the youthful Graces to wed to be called thy wife, even Pasithea, for whom thou ever longest all thy days. So spake she, and Sleep waxed glad, and made answer saying: Come now, swear to me by the inviolable water of Styx, and with one hand lay thou hold of the bounteous earth, and with the other of the shimmering sea, that one and all they may be witnesses betwixt us twain, even the gods that are below with Cronos, that verily thou wilt give me one of the youthful Graces, even Pasithea, that myself I long for all my days. So spake he, and the goddess, white-armed Hera, failed not to hearken, but sware as he bade, and invoked by name all the gods below Tartarus, that are called Titans. But when she had sworn and made an end of the oath, the twain left the cities of Lemnos and Imbros, and clothed about in mist went forth, speeding swiftly on their way.

283Ἴδην δʼ ἱκέσθην πολυπίδακα μητέρα θηρῶν Λεκτόν, ὅθι πρῶτον λιπέτην ἅλα· τὼ δʼ ἐπὶ χέρσου 285βήτην, ἀκροτάτη δὲ ποδῶν ὕπο σείετο ὕλη. ἔνθʼ Ὕπνος μὲν ἔμεινε πάρος Διὸς ὄσσε ἰδέσθαι εἰς ἐλάτην ἀναβὰς περιμήκετον, ἣ τότʼ ἐν Ἴδῃ μακροτάτη πεφυυῖα διʼ ἠέρος αἰθέρʼ ἵκανεν· ἔνθʼ ἧστʼ ὄζοισιν πεπυκασμένος εἰλατίνοισιν 290ὄρνιθι λιγυρῇ ἐναλίγκιος, ἥν τʼ ἐν ὄρεσσι χαλκίδα κικλήσκουσι θεοί, ἄνδρες δὲ κύμινδιν. Ἥρη δὲ κραιπνῶς προσεβήσετο Γάργαρον ἄκρον Ἴδης ὑψηλῆς· ἴδε δὲ νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς. ὡς δʼ ἴδεν, ὥς μιν ἔρως πυκινὰς φρένας ἀμφεκάλυψεν, 295οἷον ὅτε πρῶτόν περ ἐμισγέσθην φιλότητι εἰς εὐνὴν φοιτῶντε, φίλους λήθοντε τοκῆας. στῆ δʼ αὐτῆς προπάροιθεν ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζεν· Ἥρη πῇ μεμαυῖα κατʼ Οὐλύμπου τόδʼ ἱκάνεις; ἵπποι δʼ οὐ παρέασι καὶ ἅρματα τῶν κʼ ἐπιβαίης.

To many-fountained Ida they came, the mother of wild creatures, even to Lectum, where first they left the sea; and the twain fared on over the dry land, and the topmost forest quivered beneath their feet. There Sleep did halt, or ever the eyes of Zeus beheld him, and mounted up on a fir-tree exceeding tall, the highest that then grew in Ida; and it reached up through the mists into heaven. Thereon he perched, thick-hidden by the branches of the fir, in the likeness of a clear-voiced mountain bird, that the gods call Chalcis, and men Cymindis. But Hera swiftly drew nigh to topmost Gargarus, the peak of lofty Ida, and Zeus, the cloud-gatherer, beheld her. And when he beheld her, then love encompassed his wise heart about, even as when at the first they had gone to the couch and had dalliance together in love, their dear parents knowing naught thereof. And he stood before her, and spake, and addressed her: Hera, with what desire art thou thus come hither down from Olympus? Lo, thy horses are not at hand, neither thy chariot, whereon thou mightest mount.

300τὸν δὲ δολοφρονέουσα προσηύδα πότνια Ἥρη· ἔρχομαι ὀψομένη πολυφόρβου πείρατα γαίης, Ὠκεανόν τε θεῶν γένεσιν καὶ μητέρα Τηθύν, οἵ με σφοῖσι δόμοισιν ἐῢ τρέφον ἠδʼ ἀτίταλλον· τοὺς εἶμʼ ὀψομένη, καί σφʼ ἄκριτα νείκεα λύσω· 305ἤδη γὰρ δηρὸν χρόνον ἀλλήλων ἀπέχονται εὐνῆς καὶ φιλότητος, ἐπεὶ χόλος ἔμπεσε θυμῷ. ἵπποι δʼ ἐν πρυμνωρείῃ πολυπίδακος Ἴδης ἑστᾶσʼ, οἵ μʼ οἴσουσιν ἐπὶ τραφερήν τε καὶ ὑγρήν. νῦν δὲ σεῦ εἵνεκα δεῦρο κατʼ Οὐλύμπου τόδʼ ἱκάνω, 310μή πώς μοι μετέπειτα χολώσεαι, αἴ κε σιωπῇ οἴχωμαι πρὸς δῶμα βαθυρρόου Ὠκεανοῖο. τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς· Ἥρη κεῖσε μὲν ἔστι καὶ ὕστερον ὁρμηθῆναι, νῶϊ δʼ ἄγʼ ἐν φιλότητι τραπείομεν εὐνηθέντε.

Then with crafty mind the queenly Hera spake unto him: I am faring to visit the limits of the all-nurturing earth, and Oceanus, from whom the gods are sprung, and mother Tethys, even them that lovingly nursed me and cherished me in their halls. Them am I faring to visit, and will loose for them their endless strife, since now for long time's apace they hold aloof one from the other from the marriage-bed and from love, for that wrath hath fallen upon their hearts. And my horses stand at the foot of many-fountained Ida, my horses that shall bear me both over the solid land and the waters of the sea. But now it is because of thee that I am come hither down from Olympus, lest haply thou mightest wax wroth with me hereafter, if without a word I depart to the house of deep-flowing Oceanus. Then in answer spake to her Zeus, the cloud-gatherer. Hera, thither mayest thou go even hereafter.

315οὐ γάρ πώ ποτέ μʼ ὧδε θεᾶς ἔρος οὐδὲ γυναικὸς θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσι περιπροχυθεὶς ἐδάμασσεν, οὐδʼ ὁπότʼ ἠρασάμην Ἰξιονίης ἀλόχοιο, ἣ τέκε Πειρίθοον θεόφιν μήστωρʼ ἀτάλαντον· οὐδʼ ὅτε περ Δανάης καλλισφύρου Ἀκρισιώνης, 320ἣ τέκε Περσῆα πάντων ἀριδείκετον ἀνδρῶν· οὐδʼ ὅτε Φοίνικος κούρης τηλεκλειτοῖο, ἣ τέκε μοι Μίνων τε καὶ ἀντίθεον Ῥαδάμανθυν· οὐδʼ ὅτε περ Σεμέλης οὐδʼ Ἀλκμήνης ἐνὶ Θήβῃ, ἥ ῥʼ Ἡρακλῆα κρατερόφρονα γείνατο παῖδα· 325ἣ δὲ Διώνυσον Σεμέλη τέκε χάρμα βροτοῖσιν· οὐδʼ ὅτε Δήμητρος καλλιπλοκάμοιο ἀνάσσης, οὐδʼ ὁπότε Λητοῦς ἐρικυδέος, οὐδὲ σεῦ αὐτῆς, ὡς σέο νῦν ἔραμαι καί με γλυκὺς ἵμερος αἱρεῖ. τὸν δὲ δολοφρονέουσα προσηύδα πότνια Ἥρη· 330αἰνότατε Κρονίδη ποῖον τὸν μῦθον ἔειπες. εἰ νῦν ἐν φιλότητι λιλαίεαι εὐνηθῆναι Ἴδης ἐν κορυφῇσι, τὰ δὲ προπέφανται ἅπαντα· πῶς κʼ ἔοι εἴ τις νῶϊ θεῶν αἰειγενετάων εὕδοντʼ ἀθρήσειε, θεοῖσι δὲ πᾶσι μετελθὼν 335πεφράδοι; οὐκ ἂν ἔγωγε τεὸν πρὸς δῶμα νεοίμην ἐξ εὐνῆς ἀνστᾶσα, νεμεσσητὸν δέ κεν εἴη.

But for us twain, come, let us take our joy couched together in love; for never yet did desire for goddess or mortal woman so shed itself about me and overmaster the heart within my breast—nay, not when I was seized with love of the wife of Ixion, who bare Peirithous, the peer of the gods in counsel; nor of Danaë of the fair ankles, daughter of Acrisius, who bare Perseus, pre-eminent above all warriors; nor of the daughter of far-famed Phoenix, that bare me Minos and godlike Rhadamanthys; nor of Semele, nor of Alcmene in Thebes, and she brought forth Heracles, her son stout of heart, and Semele bare Dionysus, the joy of mortals; nor of Demeter, the fair-tressed queen; nor of glorious Leto; nay, nor yet of thine own self, as now I love thee, and sweet desire layeth hold of me. Then with crafty mind the queenly Hera spake unto him: Most dread son of Cronos, what a word hast thou said. If now thou art fain to be couched in love on the peaks of Ida, where all is plain to view, what and if some one of the gods that are for ever should behold us twain as we sleep, and should go and tell it to all the gods? Then verily could not I arise from the couch and go again to thy house; that were a shameful thing.

337ἀλλʼ εἰ δή ῥʼ ἐθέλεις καί τοι φίλον ἔπλετο θυμῷ, ἔστιν τοι θάλαμος, τόν τοι φίλος υἱὸς ἔτευξεν Ἥφαιστος, πυκινὰς δὲ θύρας σταθμοῖσιν ἐπῆρσεν· 340ἔνθʼ ἴομεν κείοντες, ἐπεί νύ τοι εὔαδεν εὐνή. τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς· Ἥρη μήτε θεῶν τό γε δείδιθι μήτέ τινʼ ἀνδρῶν ὄψεσθαι· τοῖόν τοι ἐγὼ νέφος ἀμφικαλύψω χρύσεον· οὐδʼ ἂν νῶϊ διαδράκοι Ἠέλιός περ, 345οὗ τε καὶ ὀξύτατον πέλεται φάος εἰσοράασθαι. ἦ ῥα καὶ ἀγκὰς ἔμαρπτε Κρόνου παῖς ἣν παράκοιτιν· τοῖσι δʼ ὑπὸ χθὼν δῖα φύεν νεοθηλέα ποίην, λωτόν θʼ ἑρσήεντα ἰδὲ κρόκον ἠδʼ ὑάκινθον πυκνὸν καὶ μαλακόν, ὃς ἀπὸ χθονὸς ὑψόσʼ ἔεργε. 350τῷ ἔνι λεξάσθην, ἐπὶ δὲ νεφέλην ἕσσαντο καλὴν χρυσείην· στιλπναὶ δʼ ἀπέπιπτον ἔερσαι. ὣς ὃ μὲν ἀτρέμας εὗδε πατὴρ ἀνὰ Γαργάρῳ ἄκρῳ, ὕπνῳ καὶ φιλότητι δαμείς, ἔχε δʼ ἀγκὰς ἄκοιτιν· βῆ δὲ θέειν ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν νήδυμος Ὕπνος 355ἀγγελίην ἐρέων γαιηόχῳ ἐννοσιγαίῳ· ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱστάμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· πρόφρων νῦν Δαναοῖσι Ποσείδαον ἐπάμυνε, καί σφιν κῦδος ὄπαζε μίνυνθά περ, ὄφρʼ ἔτι εὕδει Ζεύς, ἐπεὶ αὐτῷ ἐγὼ μαλακὸν περὶ κῶμʼ ἐκάλυψα· 360Ἥρη δʼ ἐν φιλότητι παρήπαφεν εὐνηθῆναι.

But if thou wilt, and it is thy heart's good pleasure, thou hast a chamber, that thy dear son Hephaestus fashioned for thee, and fitted strong doors upon the door-posts. Thither let us go and lay us down, since the couch is thy desire. Then in answer to her spake Zeus, the cloud-gatherer: Hera, fear thou not that any god or man shall behold the thing, with such a cloud shall I enfold thee withal, a cloud of gold. Therethrough might not even Helios discern us twain, albeit his sight is the keenest of all for beholding. Therewith the son of Cronos clasped his wife in his arms, and beneath them the divine earth made fresh-sprung grass to grow, and dewy lotus, and crocus, and hyacinth, thick and soft, that upbare them from the ground. Therein lay the twain, and were clothed about with a cloud, fair and golden, wherefrom fell drops of glistering dew. Thus in quiet slept the Father on topmost Gargarus, by sleep and love overmastered, and clasped in his arms his wife. But sweet Sleep set out to run to the ships of the Argives to bear word to the Enfolder and Shaker of Earth. And he came up to him, and spake winged words, saying: With a ready heart now, Poseidon, do thou bear aid to the Danaans, and vouchsafe them glory, though it be for a little space, while yet Zeus sleepeth; for over him have I shed soft slumber, and Hera hath beguiled him to couch with her in love.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.