Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 12.378–471: Hector breaks the gate of the wall

Ajax kills Epicles with a great stone, Teucer wounds Glaucus with an arrow, and Sarpedon kills Alcmaon and pulls down part of the battlement, opening a way into the wall. Hector takes up a stone that two men could hardly lift and smashes the doors of the gate, leaping in with a face dark as night and two spears in his hands. The Trojans pour over the wall and the Danaans flee among the ships.

Lines 12.378–471 · 1054 words · click a number to copy its link
378Αἴας δὲ πρῶτος Τελαμώνιος ἄνδρα κατέκτα Σαρπήδοντος ἑταῖρον Ἐπικλῆα μεγάθυμον 380μαρμάρῳ ὀκριόεντι βαλών, ὅ ῥα τείχεος ἐντὸς κεῖτο μέγας παρʼ ἔπαλξιν ὑπέρτατος· οὐδέ κέ μιν ῥέα χείρεσσʼ ἀμφοτέρῃς ἔχοι ἀνὴρ οὐδὲ μάλʼ ἡβῶν, οἷοι νῦν βροτοί εἰσʼ· ὃ δʼ ἄρʼ ὑψόθεν ἔμβαλʼ ἀείρας, θλάσσε δὲ τετράφαλον κυνέην, σὺν δʼ ὀστέʼ ἄραξε 385πάντʼ ἄμυδις κεφαλῆς· ὃ δʼ ἄρʼ ἀρνευτῆρι ἐοικὼς κάππεσʼ ἀφʼ ὑψηλοῦ πύργου, λίπε δʼ ὀστέα θυμός. Τεῦκρος δὲ Γλαῦκον κρατερὸν παῖδʼ Ἱππολόχοιο ἰῷ ἐπεσσύμενον βάλε τείχεος ὑψηλοῖο, ᾗ ῥʼ ἴδε γυμνωθέντα βραχίονα, παῦσε δὲ χάρμης. 390ἂψ δʼ ἀπὸ τείχεος ἆλτο λαθών, ἵνα μή τις Ἀχαιῶν βλήμενον ἀθρήσειε καὶ εὐχετόῳτʼ ἐπέεσσι. Σαρπήδοντι δʼ ἄχος γένετο Γλαύκου ἀπιόντος αὐτίκʼ ἐπεί τʼ ἐνόησεν· ὅμως δʼ οὐ λήθετο χάρμης, ἀλλʼ ὅ γε Θεστορίδην Ἀλκμάονα δουρὶ τυχήσας 395νύξʼ, ἐκ δʼ ἔσπασεν ἔγχος· ὃ δʼ ἑσπόμενος πέσε δουρὶ πρηνής, ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ βράχε τεύχεα ποικίλα χαλκῷ, Σαρπηδὼν δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπαλξιν ἑλὼν χερσὶ στιβαρῇσιν ἕλχʼ, ἣ δʼ ἕσπετο πᾶσα διαμπερές, αὐτὰρ ὕπερθε τεῖχος ἐγυμνώθη, πολέεσσι δὲ θῆκε κέλευθον.

Then Aias, son of Telamon, was first to slay his man, even great-souled Epicles, comrade of Sarpedon, for he smote him with a huge jagged rock, that lay the topmost of all within the wall by the battlements. Not easily with both hands could a man, such as mortals now are, hold it, were he never so young and strong, but Aias lifted it on high and hurled it, and he shattered the four-horned helmet, and crushed together all the bones of the head of Epicles; and he fell like a diver from the high wall, and his spirit left his bones. And Teucer smote Glaucus, the stalwart son of Hippolochus, as he rushed upon them, with an arrow from the high wall, where he saw his arm uncovered; and he stayed him from fighting. Back from the wall he leapt secretly, that no man of the Achaeans might mark that he had been smitten, and vaunt over him boastfully. But over Sarpedon came grief at Glaucus' departing, so soon as he was ware thereof, yet even so forgat he not to fight, but smote with a thrust of his spear Alcmaon, son of Thestor, with sure aim, and again drew forth the spear. And Alcmaon, following the spear, fell headlong, and about him rang his armour, dight with bronze. But Sarpedon with strong hands caught hold of the battlement and tugged, and the whole length of it gave way, and the wall above was laid bare, and he made a path for many.

400τὸν δʼ Αἴας καὶ Τεῦκρος ὁμαρτήσανθʼ ὃ μὲν ἰῷ βεβλήκει τελαμῶνα περὶ στήθεσσι φαεινὸν ἀσπίδος ἀμφιβρότης· ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς κῆρας ἄμυνε παιδὸς ἑοῦ, μὴ νηυσὶν ἔπι πρύμνῃσι δαμείη· Αἴας δʼ ἀσπίδα νύξεν ἐπάλμενος, οὐδὲ διὰ πρὸ 405ἤλυθεν ἐγχείη, στυφέλιξε δέ μιν μεμαῶτα. χώρησεν δʼ ἄρα τυτθὸν ἐπάλξιος· οὐδʼ ὅ γε πάμπαν χάζετʼ, ἐπεί οἱ θυμὸς ἐέλπετο κῦδος ἀρέσθαι. κέκλετο δʼ ἀντιθέοισιν ἑλιξάμενος Λυκίοισιν· ὦ Λύκιοι τί τʼ ἄρʼ ὧδε μεθίετε θούριδος ἀλκῆς; 410ἀργαλέον δέ μοί ἐστι καὶ ἰφθίμῳ περ ἐόντι μούνῳ ῥηξαμένῳ θέσθαι παρὰ νηυσὶ κέλευθον· ἀλλʼ ἐφομαρτεῖτε· πλεόνων δέ τι ἔργον ἄμεινον. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δὲ ἄνακτος ὑποδείσαντες ὁμοκλὴν μᾶλλον ἐπέβρισαν βουληφόρον ἀμφὶ ἄνακτα. 415Ἀργεῖοι δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἐκαρτύναντο φάλαγγας τείχεος ἔντοσθεν, μέγα δέ σφισι φαίνετο ἔργον· οὔτε γὰρ ἴφθιμοι Λύκιοι Δαναῶν ἐδύναντο τεῖχος ῥηξάμενοι θέσθαι παρὰ νηυσὶ κέλευθον, οὔτέ ποτʼ αἰχμηταὶ Δαναοὶ Λυκίους ἐδύναντο 420τείχεος ἂψ ὤσασθαι, ἐπεὶ τὰ πρῶτα πέλασθεν.

But against him came Aias and Teucer at the one moment: Teucer smote him with an arrow on the gleaming baldric of his sheltering shield about his breast, but Zeus warded off the fates from his own son that he should not be laid low at the ships' sterns; and Aias leapt upon him and thrust against his shield, but the spear-point passed not through, howbeit he made him reel in his onset. So he gave ground a little space from the battlement, yet withdrew not wholly, for his spirit hoped to win him glory. And he wheeled about, and called to the godlike Lycians: Ye Lycians, wherefore are ye thus slack in furious valour? Hard is it for me, how mighty so ever I be, alone to breach the wall, and make a path to the ships. Nay, have at them with me; the more men the better work. So spake he; and they, seized with fear of the rebuke of their king, pressed on the more around about their counsellor and king, and the Argives over against them made strong their battalions within the wall; and before them was set a mighty work. For neither could the mighty Lycians break the wall of the Danaans, and make a path to the ships, nor ever could the Danaan spearmen thrust back the Lycians from the walI, when once they had drawn nigh thereto.

421ἀλλʼ ὥς τʼ ἀμφʼ οὔροισι δύʼ ἀνέρε δηριάασθον μέτρʼ ἐν χερσὶν ἔχοντες ἐπιξύνῳ ἐν ἀρούρῃ, ὥ τʼ ὀλίγῳ ἐνὶ χώρῳ ἐρίζητον περὶ ἴσης, ὣς ἄρα τοὺς διέεργον ἐπάλξιες· οἳ δʼ ὑπὲρ αὐτέων 425δῄουν ἀλλήλων ἀμφὶ στήθεσσι βοείας ἀσπίδας εὐκύκλους λαισήϊά τε πτερόεντα. πολλοὶ δʼ οὐτάζοντο κατὰ χρόα νηλέϊ χαλκῷ, ἠμὲν ὅτεῳ στρεφθέντι μετάφρενα γυμνωθείη μαρναμένων, πολλοὶ δὲ διαμπερὲς ἀσπίδος αὐτῆς. 430πάντῃ δὴ πύργοι καὶ ἐπάλξιες αἵματι φωτῶν ἐρράδατʼ ἀμφοτέρωθεν ἀπὸ Τρώων καὶ Ἀχαιῶν. ἀλλʼ οὐδʼ ὧς ἐδύναντο φόβον ποιῆσαι Ἀχαιῶν, ἀλλʼ ἔχον ὥς τε τάλαντα γυνὴ χερνῆτις ἀληθής, ἥ τε σταθμὸν ἔχουσα καὶ εἴριον ἀμφὶς ἀνέλκει 435ἰσάζουσʼ, ἵνα παισὶν ἀεικέα μισθὸν ἄρηται· ὣς μὲν τῶν ἐπὶ ἶσα μάχη τέτατο πτόλεμός τε, πρίν γʼ ὅτε δὴ Ζεὺς κῦδος ὑπέρτερον Ἕκτορι δῶκε Πριαμίδῃ, ὃς πρῶτος ἐσήλατο τεῖχος Ἀχαιῶν. ἤϋσεν δὲ διαπρύσιον Τρώεσσι γεγωνώς· 440ὄρνυσθʼ ἱππόδαμοι Τρῶες, ῥήγνυσθε δὲ τεῖχος Ἀργείων καὶ νηυσὶν ἐνίετε θεσπιδαὲς πῦρ.

But as two men with measuring-rods in hand strive about the landmark-stones in a common field, and in a narrow space contend each for his equal share; even so did the battlements hold these apart, and over them they smote the bull's-hide bucklers about one another's breasts, the round shields and fluttering targets. And many were wounded in the flesh by thrusts of the pitiless bronze, both whensoever any turned and his back was left bare, as they fought, and many clean through the very shield. Yea, everywhere the walls and battlements were spattered with blood of men from both sides, from Trojans and Achaeams alike. Howbeit even so they could not put the Achaeans to rout, but they held their ground, as a careful woman that laboureth with her hands at spinning, holdeth the balance and raiseth the weight and the wool in either scale, making them equal, that she may win a meagre wage for her children; so evenly was strained their war and battle, until Zeus vouchsafed the glory of victory to Hector, son of Priam, that was first to leap within the wall of the Achaeans he uttered a piercing shout, calling aloud to the Trojans: Rouse you horse-taming Trojans, break the wall of the Argives, and fling among the ships wondrous-blazing fire.

442ὣς φάτʼ ἐποτρύνων, οἳ δʼ οὔασι πάντες ἄκουον, ἴθυσαν δʼ ἐπὶ τεῖχος ἀολλέες· οἳ μὲν ἔπειτα κροσσάων ἐπέβαινον ἀκαχμένα δούρατʼ ἔχοντες, 445Ἕκτωρ δʼ ἁρπάξας λᾶαν φέρεν, ὅς ῥα πυλάων ἑστήκει πρόσθε πρυμνὸς παχύς, αὐτὰρ ὕπερθεν ὀξὺς ἔην· τὸν δʼ οὔ κε δύʼ ἀνέρε δήμου ἀρίστω ῥηϊδίως ἐπʼ ἄμαξαν ἀπʼ οὔδεος ὀχλίσσειαν, οἷοι νῦν βροτοί εἰσʼ· ὃ δέ μιν ῥέα πάλλε καὶ οἶος. 450τόν οἱ ἐλαφρὸν ἔθηκε Κρόνου πάϊς ἀγκυλομήτεω. ὡς δʼ ὅτε ποιμὴν ῥεῖα φέρει πόκον ἄρσενος οἰὸς χειρὶ λαβὼν ἑτέρῃ, ὀλίγον τέ μιν ἄχθος ἐπείγει, ὣς Ἕκτωρ ἰθὺς σανίδων φέρε λᾶαν ἀείρας, αἵ ῥα πύλας εἴρυντο πύκα στιβαρῶς ἀραρυίας 455δικλίδας ὑψηλάς· δοιοὶ δʼ ἔντοσθεν ὀχῆες εἶχον ἐπημοιβοί, μία δὲ κληῒς ἐπαρήρει. στῆ δὲ μάλʼ ἐγγὺς ἰών, καὶ ἐρεισάμενος βάλε μέσσας εὖ διαβάς, ἵνα μή οἱ ἀφαυρότερον βέλος εἴη, ῥῆξε δʼ ἀπʼ ἀμφοτέρους θαιρούς· πέσε δὲ λίθος εἴσω 460βριθοσύνῃ, μέγα δʼ ἀμφὶ πύλαι μύκον, οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ὀχῆες ἐσχεθέτην, σανίδες δὲ διέτμαγεν ἄλλυδις ἄλλη λᾶος ὑπὸ ῥιπῆς· ὃ δʼ ἄρʼ ἔσθορε φαίδιμος Ἕκτωρ νυκτὶ θοῇ ἀτάλαντος ὑπώπια· λάμπε δὲ χαλκῷ σμερδαλέῳ, τὸν ἕεστο περὶ χροΐ, δοιὰ δὲ χερσὶ 465δοῦρʼ ἔχεν· οὔ κέν τίς μιν ἐρύκακεν ἀντιβολήσας νόσφι θεῶν ὅτʼ ἐσᾶλτο πύλας· πυρὶ δʼ ὄσσε δεδήει. κέκλετο δὲ Τρώεσσιν ἑλιξάμενος καθʼ ὅμιλον τεῖχος ὑπερβαίνειν· τοὶ δʼ ὀτρύνοντι πίθοντο. αὐτίκα δʼ οἳ μὲν τεῖχος ὑπέρβασαν, οἳ δὲ κατʼ αὐτὰς 470ποιητὰς ἐσέχυντο πύλας· Δαναοὶ δὲ φόβηθεν νῆας ἀνὰ γλαφυράς, ὅμαδος δʼ ἀλίαστος ἐτύχθη.

So spake he, urging them on, and they all heard with their ears, and rushed straight upon the wall in one mass, and with sharp spears in their hands mounted upon the pinnets. And Hector grasped and bore a stone that lay before the gate, thick at the base, but sharp at the point; not easily might two men, the mightiest of the folk, have upheaved it from the ground upon a wain—men, such as mortals now are—yet lightly did he wield it even alone; and the son of crooked-counselling Cronos made it light for him. And as when a shepherd easily beareth the fleece of a ram, taking it in one hand, and but little doth the weight thereof burden him; even so Hector lifted up the stone and bare it straight against the doors that guarded the close and strongly fitted gates— double gates they were, and high, and two cross bars held them within, and a single bolt fastened them. He came and stood hard by, and planting himself smote them full in the midst, setting his feet well apart that his cast might lack no strength; and he brake off both the hinges, and the stone fell within by its own weight, and loudly groaned the gates on either side, nor did the bars hold fast, but the doors were dashed apart this way and that beneath the onrush of the stone. And glorious Hector leapt within, his face like sudden night; and he shone in terrible bronze wherewith his body was clothed about, and in his hands he held two spears. None that met him could have held him back, none save the gods, when once he leapt within the gates; and his two eyes blazed with fire. And he wheeled him about in the throng, and called to the Trojans to climb over the wall; and they hearkened to his urging. Forthwith some clomb over the wall, and others poured in by the strong-built gate, and the Danaans were driven in rout among the hollow ships, and a ceaseless din arose.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.