Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 12.290–377: Sarpedon and Glaucus; Ajax is called to the wall

Sarpedon tells Glaucus that the honours they have in Lycia, the seats, meat and wine and the great estate on the Xanthus, oblige them to be foremost in the fighting. Menestheus, seeing them come against his tower, sends a herald to Ajax for help, and Ajax and Teucer hurry to the place.

Lines 12.290–377 · 950 words · click a number to copy its link
290οὐδʼ ἄν πω τότε γε Τρῶες καὶ φαίδιμος Ἕκτωρ τείχεος ἐρρήξαντο πύλας καὶ μακρὸν ὀχῆα, εἰ μὴ ἄρʼ υἱὸν ἑὸν Σαρπηδόνα μητίετα Ζεὺς ὦρσεν ἐπʼ Ἀργείοισι λέονθʼ ὣς βουσὶν ἕλιξιν. αὐτίκα δʼ ἀσπίδα μὲν πρόσθʼ ἔσχετο πάντοσʼ ἐΐσην 295καλὴν χαλκείην ἐξήλατον, ἣν ἄρα χαλκεὺς ἤλασεν, ἔντοσθεν δὲ βοείας ῥάψε θαμειὰς χρυσείῃς ῥάβδοισι διηνεκέσιν περὶ κύκλον. τὴν ἄρʼ ὅ γε πρόσθε σχόμενος δύο δοῦρε τινάσσων βῆ ῥʼ ἴμεν ὥς τε λέων ὀρεσίτροφος, ὅς τʼ ἐπιδευὴς 300δηρὸν ἔῃ κρειῶν, κέλεται δέ ἑ θυμὸς ἀγήνωρ μήλων πειρήσοντα καὶ ἐς πυκινὸν δόμον ἐλθεῖν· εἴ περ γάρ χʼ εὕρῃσι παρʼ αὐτόφι βώτορας ἄνδρας σὺν κυσὶ καὶ δούρεσσι φυλάσσοντας περὶ μῆλα, οὔ ῥά τʼ ἀπείρητος μέμονε σταθμοῖο δίεσθαι, 305ἀλλʼ ὅ γʼ ἄρʼ ἢ ἥρπαξε μετάλμενος, ἠὲ καὶ αὐτὸς ἔβλητʼ ἐν πρώτοισι θοῆς ἀπὸ χειρὸς ἄκοντι· ὥς ῥα τότʼ ἀντίθεον Σαρπηδόνα θυμὸς ἀνῆκε τεῖχος ἐπαΐξαι διά τε ῥήξασθαι ἐπάλξεις.

Yet not even then would the Trojans and glorious Hector have broken the gates of the wall and the long bar, had not Zeus the counsellor roused his own son, Sarpedon, against the Argives, as a lion against sleek kine. Forthwith he held before him his shield that was well balanced upon every side, a fair shield of hammered bronze,—that the bronze-smith had hammered out, and had stitched the many bull's-hides within with stitches of gold that ran all about its circuit. This he held before him, and brandished two spears, and so went his way like a mountain-nurtured lion that hath long lacked meat, and his proud spirit biddeth him go even into the close-built fold to make an attack upon the flocks. For even though he find thereby the herdsmen with dogs and spears keeping watch over the sheep, yet is he not minded to be driven from the steading ere he maketh essay; but either he leapeth amid the flock and seizeth one, or is himself smitten as a foremost champion by a javelin from a swift hand: even so did his spirit then urge godlike Sarpedon to rush upon the wall, and break-down the battlements.

309αὐτίκα δὲ Γλαῦκον προσέφη παῖδʼ Ἱππολόχοιο· 310Γλαῦκε τί ἢ δὴ νῶϊ τετιμήμεσθα μάλιστα ἕδρῃ τε κρέασίν τε ἰδὲ πλείοις δεπάεσσιν ἐν Λυκίῃ, πάντες δὲ θεοὺς ὣς εἰσορόωσι, καὶ τέμενος νεμόμεσθα μέγα Ξάνθοιο παρʼ ὄχθας καλὸν φυταλιῆς καὶ ἀρούρης πυροφόροιο; 315τὼ νῦν χρὴ Λυκίοισι μέτα πρώτοισιν ἐόντας ἑστάμεν ἠδὲ μάχης καυστείρης ἀντιβολῆσαι, ὄφρά τις ὧδʼ εἴπῃ Λυκίων πύκα θωρηκτάων· οὐ μὰν ἀκλεέες Λυκίην κάτα κοιρανέουσιν ἡμέτεροι βασιλῆες, ἔδουσί τε πίονα μῆλα 320οἶνόν τʼ ἔξαιτον μελιηδέα· ἀλλʼ ἄρα καὶ ἲς ἐσθλή, ἐπεὶ Λυκίοισι μέτα πρώτοισι μάχονται. ὦ πέπον εἰ μὲν γὰρ πόλεμον περὶ τόνδε φυγόντε αἰεὶ δὴ μέλλοιμεν ἀγήρω τʼ ἀθανάτω τε ἔσσεσθʼ, οὔτέ κεν αὐτὸς ἐνὶ πρώτοισι μαχοίμην 325οὔτέ κε σὲ στέλλοιμι μάχην ἐς κυδιάνειραν· νῦν δʼ ἔμπης γὰρ κῆρες ἐφεστᾶσιν θανάτοιο μυρίαι, ἃς οὐκ ἔστι φυγεῖν βροτὸν οὐδʼ ὑπαλύξαι, ἴομεν ἠέ τῳ εὖχος ὀρέξομεν ἠέ τις ἡμῖν.

Straightway then he spake to Glaucus, son of Hippolochus: Glaucus, wherefore is it that we twain are held in honour above all with seats, and messes, and full cups in Lycia, and all men gaze upon us as on gods? Aye, and we possess a great demesne by the banks of Xanthus, a fair tract of orchard and of wheat-bearing plough-land. Therefore now it behoveth us to take our stand amid the foremost Lycians, and confront the blazing battle that many a one of the mail-clad Lycians may say: Verily no inglorious men be these that rule in Lycia, even our kings, they that eat fat sheep and drink choice wine, honey-sweet: nay, but their might too is goodly, seeing they fight amid the foremost Lycians. Ah friend, if once escaped from this battle we were for ever to be ageless and immortal, neither should I fight myself amid the foremost, nor should I send thee into battle where men win glory; but now—for in any case fates of death beset us, fates past counting, which no mortal may escape or avoid—now let us go forward, whether we shall give glory to another, or another to us.

329ὣς ἔφατʼ, οὐδὲ Γλαῦκος ἀπετράπετʼ οὐδʼ ἀπίθησε· 330τὼ δʼ ἰθὺς βήτην Λυκίων μέγα ἔθνος ἄγοντε. τοὺς δὲ ἰδὼν ῥίγησʼ υἱὸς Πετεῶο Μενεσθεύς· τοῦ γὰρ δὴ πρὸς πύργον ἴσαν κακότητα φέροντες. πάπτηνεν δʼ ἀνὰ πύργον Ἀχαιῶν εἴ τινʼ ἴδοιτο ἡγεμόνων, ὅς τίς οἱ ἀρὴν ἑτάροισιν ἀμύναι· 335ἐς δʼ ἐνόησʼ Αἴαντε δύω πολέμου ἀκορήτω ἑσταότας, Τεῦκρόν τε νέον κλισίηθεν ἰόντα ἐγγύθεν· ἀλλʼ οὔ πώς οἱ ἔην βώσαντι γεγωνεῖν· τόσσος γὰρ κτύπος ἦεν, ἀϋτὴ δʼ οὐρανὸν ἷκε, βαλλομένων σακέων τε καὶ ἱπποκόμων τρυφαλειῶν 340καὶ πυλέων· πᾶσαι γὰρ ἐπώχατο, τοὶ δὲ κατʼ αὐτὰς ἱστάμενοι πειρῶντο βίῃ ῥήξαντες ἐσελθεῖν. αἶψα δʼ ἐπʼ Αἴαντα προΐει κήρυκα Θοώτην· ἔρχεο δῖε Θοῶτα, θέων Αἴαντα κάλεσσον, ἀμφοτέρω μὲν μᾶλλον· ὃ γάρ κʼ ὄχʼ ἄριστον ἁπάντων 345εἴη, ἐπεὶ τάχα τῇδε τετεύξεται αἰπὺς ὄλεθρος. ὧδε γὰρ ἔβρισαν Λυκίων ἀγοί, οἳ τὸ πάρος περ ζαχρηεῖς τελέθουσι κατὰ κρατερὰς ὑσμίνας.

So spake he, and Glaucus turned not aside, neither disobeyed him, but the twain went straight forward, leading the great host of the Lycians. At sight of them, Menestheus, son of Peteos, shuddered, for it was to his part of the wall that they came, bearing with them ruin; and he looked in fear along the wall of the Achaeans, in hope that he might see one of the leaders who would ward off bane from his comrades; and he marked the Aiantes twain, insatiate in war, standing there, and Teucer that was newly come from his hut, close at hand; howbeit it was no wise possible for him to shout so as to be heard of them, so great a din was there, and the noise went up to heaven of smitten shields and helms with crests of horse-hair, and of the gates, for all had been closed, and before them stood the foe, and sought to break them by force, and enter in. Forthwith then to Aias he sent the herald Thoötes: Go, goodly Thoötes, run thou, and call Aias, or rather the twain, for that were far best of all, seeing that here will utter ruin soon be wrought. Hard upon us here press the leaders of the Lycians, who of old have ever been fierce in mighty conflicts.

348εἰ δέ σφιν καὶ κεῖθι πόνος καὶ νεῖκος ὄρωρεν, ἀλλά περ οἶος ἴτω Τελαμώνιος ἄλκιμος Αἴας, 350καί οἱ Τεῦκρος ἅμα σπέσθω τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς. ὣς ἔφατʼ, οὐδʼ ἄρα οἱ κῆρυξ ἀπίθησεν ἀκούσας, βῆ δὲ θέειν παρὰ τεῖχος Ἀχαιῶν χαλκοχιτώνων, στῆ δὲ παρʼ Αἰάντεσσι κιών, εἶθαρ δὲ προσηύδα· Αἴαντʼ Ἀργείων ἡγήτορε χαλκοχιτώνων 355ἠνώγει Πετεῶο διοτρεφέος φίλος υἱὸς κεῖσʼ ἴμεν, ὄφρα πόνοιο μίνυνθά περ ἀντιάσητον ἀμφοτέρω μὲν μᾶλλον· ὃ γάρ κʼ ὄχʼ ἄριστον ἁπάντων εἴη, ἐπεὶ τάχα κεῖθι τετεύξεται αἰπὺς ὄλεθρος· ὧδε γὰρ ἔβρισαν Λυκίων ἀγοί, οἳ τὸ πάρος περ 360ζαχρηεῖς τελέθουσι κατὰ κρατερὰς ὑσμίνας. εἰ δὲ καὶ ἐνθάδε περ πόλεμος καὶ νεῖκος ὄρωρεν, ἀλλά περ οἶος ἴτω Τελαμώνιος ἄλκιμος Αἴας, καί οἱ Τεῦκρος ἅμα σπέσθω τόξων ἐῢ εἰδώς. ὣς ἔφατʼ, οὐδʼ ἀπίθησε μέγας Τελαμώνιος Αἴας. 365αὐτίκʼ Ὀϊλιάδην ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· Αἶαν σφῶϊ μὲν αὖθι, σὺ καὶ κρατερὸς Λυκομήδης, ἑσταότες Δαναοὺς ὀτρύνετον ἶφι μάχεσθαι· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ κεῖσʼ εἶμι καὶ ἀντιόω πολέμοιο· αἶψα δʼ ἐλεύσομαι αὖτις, ἐπὴν εὖ τοῖς ἐπαμύνω. 370ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας ἀπέβη Τελαμώνιος Αἴας, καί οἱ Τεῦκρος ἅμʼ ᾖε κασίγνητος καὶ ὄπατρος· τοῖς δʼ ἅμα Πανδίων Τεύκρου φέρε καμπύλα τόξα. εὖτε Μενεσθῆος μεγαθύμου πύργον ἵκοντο τείχεος ἐντὸς ἰόντες, ἐπειγομένοισι δʼ ἵκοντο, 375οἳ δʼ ἐπʼ ἐπάλξεις βαῖνον ἐρεμνῇ λαίλαπι ἶσοι ἴφθιμοι Λυκίων ἡγήτορες ἠδὲ μέδοντες· σὺν δʼ ἐβάλοντο μάχεσθαι ἐναντίον, ὦρτο δʼ ἀϋτή.

But if with them too yonder the toil of war and strife have arisen, yet at least let valiant Aias, son of Telamon, come alone, and let Teucer, that is well skilled with the bow, follow with him. So spake he, and the herald failed not to hearken as he heard, but set him to run beside the wall of the brazen-coated Achaeans, and he came and stood by the Aiantes, and straightway said: Ye Aiantes twain, leaders of the brazen-coated Achaeans, the son of Peteos, nurtured of Zeus, biddeth you go thither, that, though it be but for a little space, ye may confront the toil of war—both of you, if so may be, for that were far best Of all, seeing that yonder will utter ruin soon be wrought. Hard upon them there press the leaders of the Lycians, who of old have ever been fierce in mighty conflicts. But if here too war and strife have arisen, yet at least let valiant Aias, son of Telamon, go alone, and let Teucer, that is well skilled with the bow, follow with him. So spake he, and great Telamonian Aias failed not to hearken. Forthwith he spake winged words to the son of Oïleus: Aias, do ye twain, thou and strong Lycomedes, stand fast here and urge on the Danaans to fight amain, but I will go thither, and confront the war, and quickly will I come again, when to the full I have borne them aid. So saying Telamonian Aias departed, and with him went Teucer, his own brother, begotten of one father, and with them Pandion bare the curved bow of Teucer. Now when, as they passed along within the wall, they reached the post of great-souled Menestheus—and to men hard pressed they came— the foe were mounting upon the battlements like a dark whirlwind, even the mighty leaders and rulers of the Lycians; and they clashed together in fight, and the battle-cry arose.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.