Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 11.84–162: Agamemnon's onslaught

The armies meet at midday, and the Danaans break the Trojan ranks with Agamemnon leading. He kills Bienor and Oileus, then Isus and Antiphus, sons of Priam, and then Peisander and Hippolochus, who beg to be ransomed. Agamemnon refuses, recalling that their father had urged the Trojans to kill Menelaus when he came to Troy as an envoy, and the Trojans flee toward the wall.

Lines 11.84–162 · 886 words · click a number to copy its link
84ὄφρα μὲν ἠὼς ἦν καὶ ἀέξετο ἱερὸν ἦμαρ, 85τόφρα μάλʼ ἀμφοτέρων βέλεʼ ἥπτετο, πῖπτε δὲ λαός· ἦμος δὲ δρυτόμος περ ἀνὴρ ὁπλίσσατο δεῖπνον οὔρεος ἐν βήσσῃσιν, ἐπεί τʼ ἐκορέσσατο χεῖρας τάμνων δένδρεα μακρά, ἅδος τέ μιν ἵκετο θυμόν, σίτου τε γλυκεροῖο περὶ φρένας ἵμερος αἱρεῖ, 90τῆμος σφῇ ἀρετῇ Δαναοὶ ῥήξαντο φάλαγγας κεκλόμενοι ἑτάροισι κατὰ στίχας· ἐν δʼ Ἀγαμέμνων πρῶτος ὄρουσʼ, ἕλε δʼ ἄνδρα Βιάνορα ποιμένα λαῶν αὐτόν, ἔπειτα δʼ ἑταῖρον Ὀϊλῆα πλήξιππον. ἤτοι ὅ γʼ ἐξ ἵππων κατεπάλμενος ἀντίος ἔστη· 95τὸν δʼ ἰθὺς μεμαῶτα μετώπιον ὀξέϊ δουρὶ νύξʼ, οὐδὲ στεφάνη δόρυ οἱ σχέθε χαλκοβάρεια, ἀλλὰ διʼ αὐτῆς ἦλθε καὶ ὀστέου, ἐγκέφαλος δὲ ἔνδον ἅπας πεπάλακτο· δάμασσε δέ μιν μεμαῶτα. καὶ τοὺς μὲν λίπεν αὖθι ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων 100στήθεσι παμφαίνοντας, ἐπεὶ περίδυσε χιτῶνας· αὐτὰρ ὃ βῆ Ἶσόν τε καὶ Ἄντιφον ἐξεναρίξων υἷε δύω Πριάμοιο νόθον καὶ γνήσιον ἄμφω εἰν ἑνὶ δίφρῳ ἐόντας· ὃ μὲν νόθος ἡνιόχευεν, Ἄντιφος αὖ παρέβασκε περικλυτός· ὥ ποτʼ Ἀχιλλεὺς 105Ἴδης ἐν κνημοῖσι δίδη μόσχοισι λύγοισι, ποιμαίνοντʼ ἐπʼ ὄεσσι λαβών, καὶ ἔλυσεν ἀποίνων.

Now as long as it was morn and the sacred day was waxing, so long the missiles of either side struck home, and the folk kept falling; but at the hour when a woodman maketh ready his meal in the glades of a mountain, when his arms are grown tired with felling tall trees, and weariness cometh upon his soul, and desire of sweet food seizeth his heart, even then the Danaans by their valour brake the battalions, calling to their fellows through the lines. And among them Agamemnon rushed forth the first and slew a warrior, Bienor, shepherd of the host,—himself and after him his comrade, Oïleus, driver of horses. Oïleus verily leapt down from his chariot and stood and faced him, but even as he rushed straight upon him the king smote him on the forehead with his sharp spear, nor was the spear stayed by his helm, heavy with bronze, but passed through it and through the bone, and all his brain was spattered about within; so stayed he him in his fury. These then did Agamemnon, king of men, leave there, gleaming with their naked breasts, when he had stripped off their tunics, and went on to slay Isus and Antiphus, two sons of Priam, one a bastard and one born in wedlock, the twain being in one car: the bastard the reins, but glorious Antiphus stood by his side to fight. These twain had Achilles on a time bound with fresh withes amid the spurs of Ida, taking them as they were herding their sheep, and had set them free for a ransom.

107δὴ τότε γʼ Ἀτρεΐδης εὐρὺ κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων τὸν μὲν ὑπὲρ μαζοῖο κατὰ στῆθος βάλε δουρί, Ἄντιφον αὖ παρὰ οὖς ἔλασε ξίφει, ἐκ δʼ ἔβαλʼ ἵππων. 110σπερχόμενος δʼ ἀπὸ τοῖιν ἐσύλα τεύχεα καλὰ γιγνώσκων· καὶ γάρ σφε πάρος παρὰ νηυσὶ θοῇσιν εἶδεν, ὅτʼ ἐξ Ἴδης ἄγαγεν πόδας ὠκὺς Ἀχιλλεύς. ὡς δὲ λέων ἐλάφοιο ταχείης νήπια τέκνα ῥηϊδίως συνέαξε λαβὼν κρατεροῖσιν ὀδοῦσιν 115ἐλθὼν εἰς εὐνήν, ἁπαλόν τέ σφʼ ἦτορ ἀπηύρα· ἣ δʼ εἴ πέρ τε τύχῃσι μάλα σχεδόν, οὐ δύναταί σφι χραισμεῖν· αὐτὴν γάρ μιν ὑπὸ τρόμος αἰνὸς ἱκάνει· καρπαλίμως δʼ ἤϊξε διὰ δρυμὰ πυκνὰ καὶ ὕλην σπεύδουσʼ ἱδρώουσα κραταιοῦ θηρὸς ὑφʼ ὁρμῆς· 120ὣς ἄρα τοῖς οὔ τις δύνατο χραισμῆσαι ὄλεθρον Τρώων, ἀλλὰ καὶ αὐτοὶ ὑπʼ Ἀργείοισι φέβοντο.

But now the son of Atreus, wide-ruling Agamemnon, struck Isus on the breast above the nipple with a cast of his spear, and Antiphus he smote hard by the ear with his sword, and cast him from the chariot. Then he made haste to strip from the twain their goodly battle-gear, knowing them full well, for he had seen them before by the swift ships, when Achilles, fleet of foot brought them from Ida. And as a lion easily crusheth the little ones of a swift hind, when he hath seized them with his strong teeth, and hath come to their lair, and taketh from them their tender life,—and the mother, though she chance to be very near, cannot succour them, for on herself too cometh dread trembling, and swiftly she darteth through the thick brush and the woodland, hasting and sweating before the onset of the mighty beast; even so was no one of the Trojans able to ward off destruction from these twain, but themselves were driven in flight before the Argives.

122αὐτὰρ ὃ Πείσανδρόν τε καὶ Ἱππόλοχον μενεχάρμην υἱέας Ἀντιμάχοιο δαΐφρονος, ὅς ῥα μάλιστα χρυσὸν Ἀλεξάνδροιο δεδεγμένος ἀγλαὰ δῶρα 125οὐκ εἴασχʼ Ἑλένην δόμεναι ξανθῷ Μενελάῳ, τοῦ περ δὴ δύο παῖδε λάβε κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων εἰν ἑνὶ δίφρῳ ἐόντας, ὁμοῦ δʼ ἔχον ὠκέας ἵππους· ἐκ γάρ σφεας χειρῶν φύγον ἡνία σιγαλόεντα, τὼ δὲ κυκηθήτην· ὃ δʼ ἐναντίον ὦρτο λέων ὣς 130Ἀτρεΐδης· τὼ δʼ αὖτʼ ἐκ δίφρου γουναζέσθην· ζώγρει Ἀτρέος υἱέ, σὺ δʼ ἄξια δέξαι ἄποινα· πολλὰ δʼ ἐν Ἀντιμάχοιο δόμοις κειμήλια κεῖται χαλκός τε χρυσός τε πολύκμητός τε σίδηρος, τῶν κέν τοι χαρίσαιτο πατὴρ ἀπερείσιʼ ἄποινα, 135εἰ νῶϊ ζωοὺς πεπύθοιτʼ ἐπὶ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν. ὣς τώ γε κλαίοντε προσαυδήτην βασιλῆα μειλιχίοις ἐπέεσσιν· ἀμείλικτον δʼ ὄπʼ ἄκουσαν· εἰ μὲν δὴ Ἀντιμάχοιο δαΐφρονος υἱέες ἐστόν, ὅς ποτʼ ἐνὶ Τρώων ἀγορῇ Μενέλαον ἄνωγεν 140ἀγγελίην ἐλθόντα σὺν ἀντιθέῳ Ὀδυσῆϊ αὖθι κατακτεῖναι μηδʼ ἐξέμεν ἂψ ἐς Ἀχαιούς, νῦν μὲν δὴ τοῦ πατρὸς ἀεικέα τίσετε λώβην.

Then took he Peisander and Hippolochus, staunch in fight. Sons were they of wise-hearted Antimachus, who above all others in hope to receive gold from Alexander, goodly gifts, would not suffer that Helen be given back to fair-haired Menelaus. His two sons lord Agamemnon took, the twain being in one car, and together were they seeking to drive the swift horses, for the shining reins had slipped from their hands, and the two horses were running wild; but he rushed against them like a lion, the son of Atreus, and the twain made entreaty to him from the car: Take us alive, thou son of Atreus, and accept a worthy ransom; treasures full many he stored in the palace of Antimachus, bronze and gold and iron, wrought with toil; thereof would our father grant thee ransom past counting, should he hear that we are alive at the ships of the Achaeans. So with weeping the twain spake unto the king with gentle words, but all ungentle was the voice they heard: If ye are verily the sons of wise-hearted Antimachus, who on a time in the gathering of the Trojans, when Menelaus had come on an embassage with godlike Odysseus, bade slay him then and there, neither suffer him to return to the Achaeans, now of a surety shall ye pay the price of your father's foul outrage.

143ἦ, καὶ Πείσανδρον μὲν ἀφʼ ἵππων ὦσε χαμᾶζε δουρὶ βαλὼν πρὸς στῆθος· ὃ δʼ ὕπτιος οὔδει ἐρείσθη. 145Ἱππόλοχος δʼ ἀπόρουσε, τὸν αὖ χαμαὶ ἐξενάριξε χεῖρας ἀπὸ ξίφεϊ τμήξας ἀπό τʼ αὐχένα κόψας, ὅλμον δʼ ὣς ἔσσευε κυλίνδεσθαι διʼ ὁμίλου. τοὺς μὲν ἔασʼ· ὃ δʼ ὅθι πλεῖσται κλονέοντο φάλαγγες, τῇ ῥʼ ἐνόρουσʼ, ἅμα δʼ ἄλλοι ἐϋκνήμιδες Ἀχαιοί. 150πεζοὶ μὲν πεζοὺς ὄλεκον φεύγοντας ἀνάγκῃ, ἱππεῖς δʼ ἱππῆας· ὑπὸ δέ σφισιν ὦρτο κονίη ἐκ πεδίου, τὴν ὦρσαν ἐρίγδουποι πόδες ἵππων χαλκῷ δηϊόωντες· ἀτὰρ κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων αἰὲν ἀποκτείνων ἕπετʼ Ἀργείοισι κελεύων. 155ὡς δʼ ὅτε πῦρ ἀΐδηλον ἐν ἀξύλῳ ἐμπέσῃ ὕλῃ, πάντῃ τʼ εἰλυφόων ἄνεμος φέρει, οἳ δέ τε θάμνοι πρόρριζοι πίπτουσιν ἐπειγόμενοι πυρὸς ὁρμῇ· ὣς ἄρʼ ὑπʼ Ἀτρεΐδῃ Ἀγαμέμνονι πῖπτε κάρηνα Τρώων φευγόντων, πολλοὶ δʼ ἐριαύχενες ἵπποι 160κείνʼ ὄχεα κροτάλιζον ἀνὰ πτολέμοιο γεφύρας ἡνιόχους ποθέοντες ἀμύμονας· οἳ δʼ ἐπὶ γαίῃ κείατο, γύπεσσιν πολὺ φίλτεροι ἢ ἀλόχοισιν.

He spake, and thrust Peisander from his chariot to the ground, smiting him with his spear upon the breast, and backward was he hurled upon the earth. But Hippolochus leapt down, and him he slew upon the ground, and shearing off his arms with the sword, and striking off his head, sent him rolling, like a round stone, amid the throng. These then he let be, but where chiefly the battalions were being driven in rout, there leapt he in, and with him other well-greaved Achaeans. Footmen were ever slaying footmen as they fled perforce, and horsemen horse-men — and from beneath them uprose from the plain the dust which the thundering hooves of horses stirred up — and they wrought havoc with the bronze. And lord Agamemnon, ever slaying, followed after, calling to the Argives. And as when consuming fire falls upon thick woodland, and the whirling wind beareth it everywhither, and the thickets fall utterly as they are assailed by the onrush of the fire; even so beneath Agamemon, son of Atreus, fell the heads of the Trojans as they fled, and many horses with high-arched necks rattled empty cars along the dykes of battle, lacking their peerless charioteers, who were lying upon the ground dearer far to the vultures than to their wives.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.