Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 10.254–337: Diomedes and Odysseus arm; Dolon volunteers

Diomedes and Odysseus arm with borrowed gear, Thrasymedes and Meriones lending shield, helmet and weapons, and Odysseus wears a boar's-tusk helmet that came from Autolycus. They pray to Athena, who sends a heron on their right as a sign. In Troy, Hector promises a chariot and the best horses at the Achaean ships to whoever will spy on the camp, and Dolon, a son of Eumedes, volunteers.

Lines 10.254–337 · 965 words · click a number to copy its link
254ὣς εἰπόνθʼ ὅπλοισιν ἔνι δεινοῖσιν ἐδύτην. 255Τυδεΐδῃ μὲν δῶκε μενεπτόλεμος Θρασυμήδης φάσγανον ἄμφηκες· τὸ δʼ ἑὸν παρὰ νηῒ λέλειπτο· καὶ σάκος· ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ κυνέην κεφαλῆφιν ἔθηκε ταυρείην, ἄφαλόν τε καὶ ἄλλοφον, ἥ τε καταῖτυξ κέκληται, ῥύεται δὲ κάρη θαλερῶν αἰζηῶν. 260Μηριόνης δʼ Ὀδυσῆϊ δίδου βιὸν ἠδὲ φαρέτρην καὶ ξίφος, ἀμφὶ δέ οἱ κυνέην κεφαλῆφιν ἔθηκε ῥινοῦ ποιητήν· πολέσιν δʼ ἔντοσθεν ἱμᾶσιν ἐντέτατο στερεῶς· ἔκτοσθε δὲ λευκοὶ ὀδόντες ἀργιόδοντος ὑὸς θαμέες ἔχον ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα 265εὖ καὶ ἐπισταμένως· μέσσῃ δʼ ἐνὶ πῖλος ἀρήρει. τήν ῥά ποτʼ ἐξ Ἐλεῶνος Ἀμύντορος Ὀρμενίδαο ἐξέλετʼ Αὐτόλυκος πυκινὸν δόμον ἀντιτορήσας, Σκάνδειαν δʼ ἄρα δῶκε Κυθηρίῳ Ἀμφιδάμαντι· Ἀμφιδάμας δὲ Μόλῳ δῶκε ξεινήϊον εἶναι, 270αὐτὰρ ὃ Μηριόνῃ δῶκεν ᾧ παιδὶ φορῆναι· δὴ τότʼ Ὀδυσσῆος πύκασεν κάρη ἀμφιτεθεῖσα. τὼ δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν ὅπλοισιν ἔνι δεινοῖσιν ἐδύτην, βάν ῥʼ ἰέναι, λιπέτην δὲ κατʼ αὐτόθι πάντας ἀρίστους.

So saying the twain clothed them in their dread armour. To Tydeus' son Thrasymedes, staunch in fight, gave a two-edged sword—for his own was left by his ship—and a shield, and about his head he set a helm of bull's hide without horn and without crest, a helm that is called a skull-cap, and that guards the heads of lusty youths. And Meriones gave to Odysseus a bow and a quiver and a sword, and about his head he set a helm wrought of hide, and with many a tight-stretched thong was it made stiff within, while without the white teeth of a boar of gleaming tusks were set thick on this side and that, well and cunningly, and within was fixed a lining of felt. This cap Autolycus on a time stole out of Eleon when he had broken into the stout-built house of Amyntor, son of Ormenus; and he gave it to Amphidamas of Cythem to take to Scandeia, and Amphidamas gave it to Molus as a guest-gift, but he gave it to his own son Meriones to wear; and now, being set thereon, it covered the head of Odysseus. So when the twain had clothed them in their dread armour, they went their way and left there all the chieftains.

274τοῖσι δὲ δεξιὸν ἧκεν ἐρῳδιὸν ἐγγὺς ὁδοῖο 275Παλλὰς Ἀθηναίη· τοὶ δʼ οὐκ ἴδον ὀφθαλμοῖσι νύκτα διʼ ὀρφναίην, ἀλλὰ κλάγξαντος ἄκουσαν. χαῖρε δὲ τῷ ὄρνιθʼ Ὀδυσεύς, ἠρᾶτο δʼ Ἀθήνῃ· κλῦθί μευ αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος, ἥ τέ μοι αἰεὶ ἐν πάντεσσι πόνοισι παρίστασαι, οὐδέ σε λήθω 280κινύμενος· νῦν αὖτε μάλιστά με φῖλαι Ἀθήνη, δὸς δὲ πάλιν ἐπὶ νῆας ἐϋκλεῖας ἀφικέσθαι ῥέξαντας μέγα ἔργον, ὅ κε Τρώεσσι μελήσῃ. δεύτερος αὖτʼ ἠρᾶτο βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης· κέκλυθι νῦν καὶ ἐμεῖο Διὸς τέκος Ἀτρυτώνη· 285σπεῖό μοι ὡς ὅτε πατρὶ ἅμʼ ἕσπεο Τυδέϊ δίῳ ἐς Θήβας, ὅτε τε πρὸ Ἀχαιῶν ἄγγελος ᾔει. τοὺς δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπʼ Ἀσωπῷ λίπε χαλκοχίτωνας Ἀχαιούς, αὐτὰρ ὃ μειλίχιον μῦθον φέρε Καδμείοισι κεῖσʼ· ἀτὰρ ἂψ ἀπιὼν μάλα μέρμερα μήσατο ἔργα 290σὺν σοὶ δῖα θεά, ὅτε οἱ πρόφρασσα παρέστης. ὣς νῦν μοι ἐθέλουσα παρίσταο καί με φύλασσε. σοὶ δʼ αὖ ἐγὼ ῥέξω βοῦν ἦνιν εὐρυμέτωπον ἀδμήτην, ἣν οὔ πω ὑπὸ ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν ἀνήρ· τήν τοι ἐγὼ ῥέξω χρυσὸν κέρασιν περιχεύας.

And for them Pallas Athene sent forth on their right a heron, hard by the way, and though they saw it not through the darkness of night, yet they heard its cry. And Odysseus was glad at the omen, and made prayer to Athene: Hear me, child of Zeus, that beareth the aegis, thou that dost ever stand by my side in all manner of toils, nor am I unseen of thee where'er I move; now again be thou my friend, Athene, as ne'er thou wast before, and grant that with goodly renown we come back to the ships, having wrought a great work that shall be a sorrow to the Trojans. And after him again prayed Diomedes, good at the war-cry: Hearken thou now also to me, child of Zeus, unwearied one. Follow now with me even as thou didst follow with my father, goodly Tydeus, into Thebes, what time he went forth as a messenger of the Achaeans. Them he left by the Asopus, the brazen-coated Achaeans, and he bare a gentle word thither to the Cadmeians; but as he journeyed back he devised deeds right terrible with thee, fair goddess, for with a ready heart thou stoodest by his side. Even so now of thine own will stand thou by my side, and guard me. And to thee in return will I sacrifice a sleek heifer, broad of brow, unbroken, which no man hath yet led beneath the yoke. Her will I sacrifice to thee and will overlay her horns with gold.

295ὣς ἔφαν εὐχόμενοι, τῶν δʼ ἔκλυε Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη. οἳ δʼ ἐπεὶ ἠρήσαντο Διὸς κούρῃ μεγάλοιο, βάν ῥʼ ἴμεν ὥς τε λέοντε δύω διὰ νύκτα μέλαιναν ἂμ φόνον, ἂν νέκυας, διά τʼ ἔντεα καὶ μέλαν αἷμα. οὐδὲ μὲν οὐδὲ Τρῶας ἀγήνορας εἴασεν Ἕκτωρ 300εὕδειν, ἀλλʼ ἄμυδις κικλήσκετο πάντας ἀρίστους, ὅσσοι ἔσαν Τρώων ἡγήτορες ἠδὲ μέδοντες· τοὺς ὅ γε συγκαλέσας πυκινὴν ἀρτύνετο βουλήν· τίς κέν μοι τόδε ἔργον ὑποσχόμενος τελέσειε δώρῳ ἔπι μεγάλῳ; μισθὸς δέ οἱ ἄρκιος ἔσται. 305δώσω γὰρ δίφρόν τε δύω τʼ ἐριαύχενας ἵππους οἵ κεν ἄριστοι ἔωσι θοῇς ἐπὶ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν ὅς τίς κε τλαίη, οἷ τʼ αὐτῷ κῦδος ἄροιτο, νηῶν ὠκυπόρων σχεδὸν ἐλθέμεν, ἔκ τε πυθέσθαι ἠέ φυλάσσονται νῆες θοαὶ ὡς τὸ πάρος περ, 310ἦ ἤδη χείρεσσιν ὑφʼ ἡμετέρῃσι δαμέντες φύξιν βουλεύουσι μετὰ σφίσιν, οὐδʼ ἐθέλουσι νύκτα φυλασσέμεναι, καμάτῳ ἀδηκότες αἰνῷ. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἀκὴν ἐγένοντο σιωπῇ.

So they spake in prayer and Pallas Athene heard them. But when they had prayed to the daughter of great Zeus, they went their way like two lions through the black night, amid the slaughter, amid the corpses, through the arms and the black blood. Nay, nor did Hector suffer the lordly Trojans to sleep, but he called together all the noblest, as many as were leaders and rulers of the Trojans; and when he had called them together he contrived a cunning plan, and said: Who is there now that would promise me this deed and bring it to pass for a great gift? Verily his reward shall be sure. For I will give him a chariot and two horses with high arched necks, even those that be the best at the swift ships of the Achaeans, to the man whosoever will dare—and for himself win glory withal— to go close to the swift-faring ships, and spy out whether the swift ships be guarded as of old, or whether by now our foes, subdued beneath our hands, are planning flight among themselves and have no mind to watch the night through, being fordone with dread weariness. So spake he and they all became hushed in silence.

314ἦν δέ τις ἐν Τρώεσσι Δόλων Εὐμήδεος υἱὸς 315κήρυκος θείοιο πολύχρυσος πολύχαλκος, ὃς δή τοι εἶδος μὲν ἔην κακός, ἀλλὰ ποδώκης· αὐτὰρ ὃ μοῦνος ἔην μετὰ πέντε κασιγνήτῃσιν. ὅς ῥα τότε Τρωσίν τε καὶ Ἕκτορι μῦθον ἔειπεν· Ἕκτορ ἔμʼ ὀτρύνει κραδίη καὶ θυμὸς ἀγήνωρ 320νηῶν ὠκυπόρων σχεδὸν ἐλθέμεν ἔκ τε πυθέσθαι. ἀλλʼ ἄγε μοι τὸ σκῆπτρον ἀνάσχεο, καί μοι ὄμοσσον ἦ μὲν τοὺς ἵππους τε καὶ ἅρματα ποικίλα χαλκῷ δωσέμεν, οἳ φορέουσιν ἀμύμονα Πηλεΐωνα, σοὶ δʼ ἐγὼ οὐχ ἅλιος σκοπὸς ἔσσομαι οὐδʼ ἀπὸ δόξης· 325τόφρα γὰρ ἐς στρατὸν εἶμι διαμπερὲς ὄφρʼ ἂν ἵκωμαι νῆʼ Ἀγαμεμνονέην, ὅθι που μέλλουσιν ἄριστοι βουλὰς βουλεύειν ἢ φευγέμεν ἠὲ μάχεσθαι. ὣς φάθʼ, ὃ δʼ ἐν χερσὶ σκῆπτρον λάβε καί οἱ ὄμοσσεν· ἴστω νῦν Ζεὺς αὐτὸς ἐρίγδουπος πόσις Ἥρης 330μὴ μὲν τοῖς ἵπποισιν ἀνὴρ ἐποχήσεται ἄλλος Τρώων, ἀλλά σέ φημι διαμπερὲς ἀγλαϊεῖσθαι. ὣς φάτο καί ῥʼ ἐπίορκον ἐπώμοσε, τὸν δʼ ὀρόθυνεν· αὐτίκα δʼ ἀμφʼ ὤμοισιν ἐβάλλετο καμπύλα τόξα, ἕσσατο δʼ ἔκτοσθεν ῥινὸν πολιοῖο λύκοιο, 335κρατὶ δʼ ἐπὶ κτιδέην κυνέην, ἕλε δʼ ὀξὺν ἄκοντα, βῆ δʼ ἰέναι προτὶ νῆας ἀπὸ στρατοῦ· οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ἔμελλεν ἐλθὼν ἐκ νηῶν ἂψ Ἕκτορι μῦθον ἀποίσειν.

Now there was among the Trojans one Dolon, the son of Eumedes the godlike herald, a man rich in gold, rich in bronze, that was ill-favoured to look upon, but withal swift of foot; and he was the only brother among five sisters. He then spake a word to the Trojans and to Hector: Hector, my heart and proud spirit urge me to go close to the swift-faring ships and spy out all. But come, I pray thee, lift up thy staff and swear to me that verily thou wilt give me the horses and the chariot, richly dight with bronze, even them that bear the peerless son of Peleus. And to thee shall I prove no vain scout, neither one to deceive thy hopes. For I will go straight on to the camp, even until I come to the ship of Agamemnon, where, I ween, the chieftains will be holding council, whether to flee or to fight. So spake he, and Hector took the staff in his hands, and sware to him, saying: Now be my witness Zeus himself, the loud-thundering lord of Hera, that on those horses no other man of the Trojans shall mount, but it is thou, I declare, that shalt have glory in them continually. So spake he, and swore thereto an idle oath, and stirred the heart of Dolon. Forthwith then he cast about his shoulders his curved bow, and thereover clad him in the skin of a grey wolf, and on his head he set a cap of ferret skin, and grasped a sharp javelin, and went his way toward the ships from the host; howbeit he was not to return again from the ships, and bear tidings to Hector.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Iliad Book 10, lines 254–337: Diomedes and Odysseus arm