Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 8.253–349: Teucer's arrows

Diomedes leads the Danaans out, and Teucer, sheltering behind the shield of Ajax, shoots down Trojan after Trojan while Agamemnon praises him. Twice he aims at Hector and misses, killing Gorgythion and then Hector's charioteer Archeptolemus. Hector hurls a stone that breaks Teucer's collar-bone and Ajax covers him, but Zeus gives Hector the upper hand and the Achaeans are driven back.

Lines 8.253–349 · 1091 words · click a number to copy its link
253ἔνθʼ οὔ τις πρότερος Δαναῶν πολλῶν περ ἐόντων εὔξατο Τυδεΐδαο πάρος σχέμεν ὠκέας ἵππους 255τάφρου τʼ ἐξελάσαι καὶ ἐναντίβιον μαχέσασθαι, ἀλλὰ πολὺ πρῶτος Τρώων ἕλεν ἄνδρα κορυστὴν Φραδμονίδην Ἀγέλαον· ὃ μὲν φύγαδʼ ἔτραπεν ἵππους· τῷ δὲ μεταστρεφθέντι μεταφρένῳ ἐν δόρυ πῆξεν ὤμων μεσσηγύς, διὰ δὲ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσεν· 260ἤριπε δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων, ἀράβησε δὲ τεύχεʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ. τὸν δὲ μετʼ Ἀτρεΐδαι Ἀγαμέμνων καὶ Μενέλαος, τοῖσι δʼ ἐπʼ Αἴαντες θοῦριν ἐπιειμένοι ἀλκήν, τοῖσι δʼ ἐπʼ Ἰδομενεὺς καὶ ὀπάων Ἰδομενῆος Μηριόνης ἀτάλαντος Ἐνυαλίῳ ἀνδρειφόντῃ, 265τοῖσι δʼ ἐπʼ Εὐρύπυλος Εὐαίμονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός· Τεῦκρος δʼ εἴνατος ἦλθε παλίντονα τόξα τιταίνων, στῆ δʼ ἄρʼ ὑπʼ Αἴαντος σάκεϊ Τελαμωνιάδαο. ἔνθʼ Αἴας μὲν ὑπεξέφερεν σάκος· αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ ἥρως παπτήνας, ἐπεὶ ἄρ τινʼ ὀϊστεύσας ἐν ὁμίλῳ 270βεβλήκοι, ὃ μὲν αὖθι πεσὼν ἀπὸ θυμὸν ὄλεσσεν, αὐτὰρ ὃ αὖτις ἰὼν πάϊς ὣς ὑπὸ μητέρα δύσκεν εἰς Αἴανθʼ· ὃ δέ μιν σάκεϊ κρύπτασκε φαεινῷ.

Then might no man of the Danaans, for all they were so many, vaunt that he before the son of Tydeus guided his swift horses to drive them forth across the trench and to fight man to man; nay he was first by far to slay a mailed warrior of the Trojans, even Agelaus, Phradraon's son. He in sooth had turned his horses to flee, but as he wheeled about Diomedes fixed his spear in his back between the shoulders, and drave it through his breast; so he fell from out the car, and upon him his armour clanged. And after him came the sons of Atreus, Agamemnon and Menelaus, and after them the Aiantes, clothed in furious valour, and after them Idomeneus and Idomeneus' comrade, Meriones, peer of Enyalius, slayer of men, and after them Eurypylus, the glorious son of Euaemon; and Teucer came as the ninth, stretching his back-bent bow, and took his stand beneath the shield of Aias, son of Telamon. Then would Aias move his shield aside from over him, and the warrior would spy his chance; and when he had shot his bolt and had smitten one in the throng, then would that man fall where he was and give up his life, and Teucer would hie him back, and as a child beneath his mother, so betake him for shelter to Aias; and Aias would ever hide him with his shining shield.

273ἔνθα τίνα πρῶτον Τρώων ἕλε Τεῦκρος ἀμύμων; Ὀρσίλοχον μὲν πρῶτα καὶ Ὄρμενον ἠδʼ Ὀφελέστην 275Δαίτορά τε Χρομίον τε καὶ ἀντίθεον Λυκοφόντην καὶ Πολυαιμονίδην Ἀμοπάονα καὶ Μελάνιππον, πάντας ἐπασσυτέρους πέλασε χθονὶ πουλυβοτείρῃ. τὸν δὲ ἰδὼν γήθησεν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων τόξου ἄπο κρατεροῦ Τρώων ὀλέκοντα φάλαγγας· 280στῆ δὲ παρʼ αὐτὸν ἰὼν καί μιν πρὸς μῦθον ἔειπε· Τεῦκρε φίλη κεφαλή, Τελαμώνιε κοίρανε λαῶν βάλλʼ οὕτως, αἴ κέν τι φόως Δαναοῖσι γένηαι πατρί τε σῷ Τελαμῶνι, ὅ σʼ ἔτρεφε τυτθὸν ἐόντα, καί σε νόθον περ ἐόντα κομίσσατο ᾧ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ· 285τὸν καὶ τηλόθʼ ἐόντα ἐϋκλείης ἐπίβησον. σοὶ δʼ ἐγὼ ἐξερέω ὡς καὶ τετελεσμένον ἔσται· αἴ κέν μοι δώῃ Ζεύς τʼ αἰγίοχος καὶ Ἀθήνη Ἰλίου ἐξαλαπάξαι ἐϋκτίμενον πτολίεθρον, πρώτῳ τοι μετʼ ἐμὲ πρεσβήϊον ἐν χερὶ θήσω, 290ἢ τρίποδʼ ἠὲ δύω ἵππους αὐτοῖσιν ὄχεσφιν ἠὲ γυναῖχʼ, ἥ κέν τοι ὁμὸν λέχος εἰσαναβαίνοι.

Whom first then of the Trojans did peerless Teucer slay? Orsilochus first and Ormenus and Ophelestes and Daetor and Chromius and godlike Lycophontes and Amopaon, Polyaemon's son, and Melanippus. All these, one after another, he brought down to the bounteous earth. And at sight of him Agamemnon, king of men, waxed glad, as with his mighty bow he made havoc of the battalions of the Trojans; and he came and stood by his side and spake to him, saying: Teucer, beloved, son of Telamon, captain of hosts, shoot on in this wise, if so be thou mayest prove a light of deliverance to the Danaans and a glory to thy father Telamon, who reared thee when thou wast a babe, and for all thou wast a bastard cherished thee in his own house; him, far away though he be, do thou bring to honour. Moreover, I will declare to thee as it verily shall be brought to pass. If Zeus that beareth the aegis, and Athene shall vouchsafe me to lay waste the well-built citadel of Ilios, in thy hand first after mine own self will I place a meed of honour, either a tripod or two horses with their car, or a woman that shall go up into thy bed.

292τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσεφώνεε Τεῦκρος ἀμύμων· Ἀτρεΐδη κύδιστε τί με σπεύδοντα καὶ αὐτὸν ὀτρύνεις; οὐ μέν τοι ὅση δύναμίς γε πάρεστι 295παύομαι, ἀλλʼ ἐξ οὗ προτὶ Ἴλιον ὠσάμεθʼ αὐτοὺς ἐκ τοῦ δὴ τόξοισι δεδεγμένος ἄνδρας ἐναίρω. ὀκτὼ δὴ προέηκα τανυγλώχινας ὀϊστούς, πάντες δʼ ἐν χροῒ πῆχθεν ἀρηϊθόων αἰζηῶν· τοῦτον δʼ οὐ δύναμαι βαλέειν κύνα λυσσητῆρα. 300ἦ ῥα καὶ ἄλλον ὀϊστὸν ἀπὸ νευρῆφιν ἴαλλεν Ἕκτορος ἀντικρύ, βαλέειν δέ ἑ ἵετο θυμός· καὶ τοῦ μέν ῥʼ ἀφάμαρθʼ, ὃ δʼ ἀμύμονα Γοργυθίωνα υἱὸν ἐῢν Πριάμοιο κατὰ στῆθος βάλεν ἰῷ, τόν ῥʼ ἐξ Αἰσύμηθεν ὀπυιομένη τέκε μήτηρ 305καλὴ Καστιάνειρα δέμας ἐϊκυῖα θεῇσι. μήκων δʼ ὡς ἑτέρωσε κάρη βάλεν, ἥ τʼ ἐνὶ κήπῳ καρπῷ βριθομένη νοτίῃσί τε εἰαρινῇσιν, ὣς ἑτέρωσʼ ἤμυσε κάρη πήληκι βαρυνθέν. Τεῦκρος δʼ ἄλλον ὀϊστὸν ἀπὸ νευρῆφιν ἴαλλεν 310Ἕκτορος ἀντικρύ, βαλέειν δέ ἑ ἵετο θυμός.

Then in answer to him spake peerless Teucer: Most glorious son of Atreus, why urgest thou me on, that of myself am eager? Verily I forbear not so far as might is in me, but from the time when we drave them toward Ilios, even from that moment I lie in wait with my bow and slay the men. Eight long-barbed arrows have I now let fly, and all are lodged in the flesh of youths swift in battle; only this mad dog can I not smite. He spake, and shot another arrow from the string straight against Hector; and his heart was fain to smite him. Howbeit him he missed, but peerless Gorgythion he smote in the breast with his arrow, Priam's valiant son, that a mother wedded from Aesyme had born, even fair Castianeira, in form like to the goddesses. And he bowed his head to one side like a poppy that in a garden is laden with its fruit and the rains of spring; so bowed he to one side his head, laden with his helmet. And Teucer shot another arrow from the string straight against Hector, and his heart was fain to smite him.

311ἀλλʼ ὅ γε καὶ τόθʼ ἅμαρτε· παρέσφηλεν γὰρ Ἀπόλλων· ἀλλʼ Ἀρχεπτόλεμον θρασὺν Ἕκτορος ἡνιοχῆα ἱέμενον πόλεμον δὲ βάλε στῆθος παρὰ μαζόν· ἤριπε δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων, ὑπερώησαν δέ οἱ ἵπποι 315ὠκύποδες· τοῦ δʼ αὖθι λύθη ψυχή τε μένος τε. Ἕκτορα δʼ αἰνὸν ἄχος πύκασε φρένας ἡνιόχοιο· τὸν μὲν ἔπειτʼ εἴασε καὶ ἀχνύμενός περ ἑταίρου, Κεβριόνην δʼ ἐκέλευσεν ἀδελφεὸν ἐγγὺς ἐόντα ἵππων ἡνίʼ ἑλεῖν· ὃ δʼ ἄρʼ οὐκ ἀπίθησεν ἀκούσας. 320αὐτὸς δʼ ἐκ δίφροιο χαμαὶ θόρε παμφανόωντος σμερδαλέα ἰάχων· ὃ δὲ χερμάδιον λάβε χειρί, βῆ δʼ ἰθὺς Τεύκρου, βαλέειν δέ ἑ θυμὸς ἀνώγει. ἤτοι ὃ μὲν φαρέτρης ἐξείλετο πικρὸν ὀϊστόν, θῆκε δʼ ἐπὶ νευρῇ· τὸν δʼ αὖ κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ 325αὐερύοντα παρʼ ὦμον, ὅθι κληῒς ἀποέργει αὐχένα τε στῆθός τε, μάλιστα δὲ καίριόν ἐστι, τῇ ῥʼ ἐπὶ οἷ μεμαῶτα βάλεν λίθῳ ὀκριόεντι, ῥῆξε δέ οἱ νευρήν· νάρκησε δὲ χεὶρ ἐπὶ καρπῷ, στῆ δὲ γνὺξ ἐριπών, τόξον δέ οἱ ἔκπεσε χειρός.

Howbeit he missed him once again, for Apollo made his dart to swerve, but Archeptolemus, the bold charioteer of Hector, as he hasted into battle he smote on the breast beside the nipple. So he fell from out the car, and the swift-footed horses swerved aside thereat; and there his spirit and his strength were undone. Then was the soul of Hector clouded with dread sorrow for his charioteer. Yet left he him to lie there, though he sorrowed for his comrade, and bade Cebriones, his own brother, that was nigh at hand, take the reins of the horses; and he heard and failed not to hearken. And himself Hector leapt to the ground from his gleaming car crying a terrible cry, and seizing a stone in his hand made right at Teucer, and his heart bade him smite him. Now Teucer had drawn forth from the quiver a bitter arrow, and laid it upon the string, but even as he was drawing it back Hector of the flashing helm smote him beside the shoulder where the collar-bone parts the neck and the breast, where is the deadliest spot; even there as he aimed eagerly against him he smote him with the jagged stone, and he brake the bow-string; but his hand grew numb at the wrist, and he sank upon his knees and thus abode, and the bow fell from his hand.

330Αἴας δʼ οὐκ ἀμέλησε κασιγνήτοιο πεσόντος, ἀλλὰ θέων περίβη καί οἱ σάκος ἀμφεκάλυψε. τὸν μὲν ἔπειθʼ ὑποδύντε δύω ἐρίηρες ἑταῖροι Μηκιστεὺς Ἐχίοιο πάϊς καὶ δῖος Ἀλάστωρ νῆας ἔπι γλαφυρὰς φερέτην βαρέα στενάχοντα. 335ἂψ δʼ αὖτις Τρώεσσιν Ὀλύμπιος ἐν μένος ὦρσεν· οἳ δʼ ἰθὺς τάφροιο βαθείης ὦσαν Ἀχαιούς· Ἕκτωρ δʼ ἐν πρώτοισι κίε σθένεϊ βλεμεαίνων. ὡς δʼ ὅτε τίς τε κύων συὸς ἀγρίου ἠὲ λέοντος ἅπτηται κατόπισθε ποσὶν ταχέεσσι διώκων 340ἰσχία τε γλουτούς τε, ἑλισσόμενόν τε δοκεύει, ὣς Ἕκτωρ ὤπαζε κάρη κομόωντας Ἀχαιούς, αἰὲν ἀποκτείνων τὸν ὀπίστατον· οἳ δὲ φέβοντο. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ διά τε σκόλοπας καὶ τάφρον ἔβησαν φεύγοντες, πολλοὶ δὲ δάμεν Τρώων ὑπὸ χερσίν, 345οἳ μὲν δὴ παρὰ νηυσὶν ἐρητύοντο μένοντες, ἀλλήλοισί τε κεκλόμενοι καὶ πᾶσι θεοῖσι χεῖρας ἀνίσχοντες μεγάλʼ εὐχετόωντο ἕκαστος· Ἕκτωρ δʼ ἀμφιπεριστρώφα καλλίτριχας ἵππους Γοργοῦς ὄμματʼ ἔχων ἠδὲ βροτολοιγοῦ Ἄρηος.

Howbeit Aias was not unmindful of his brother's fall, but ran and bestrode him and flung before him his shield as a cover. Then two trusty comrades stooped beneath him, even Mecisteus, son of Echius, and goodly Alastor, and bare him, groaning heavily, to the hollow ships. Then once again the Olympian aroused might in the hearts of the Trojans; and they thrust the Achaeans straight toward the deep ditch; and amid the foremost went Hector exulting in his might. And even as a hound pursueth with swift feet after a wild boar or a lion, and snatcheth at him from behind either at flank or buttock, and watcheth for him as he wheeleth; even so Hector pressed upon the long-haired Achaeans, ever slaying the hindmost; and they were driven in rout. But when in their flight they had passed through stakes and trench, and many had been vanquished beneath the hands of the Trojans, then beside their ships they halted and abode, calling one upon the other, and lifting up their hands to all the gods they made fervent prayer each man of them. But Hector wheeled this way and that his fair-maned horses, and his eyes were as the eyes of the Gorgon or of Ares, bane of mortals.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.