Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 9.1–88: Panic in the camp; Agamemnon proposes flight

While the Trojans keep watch, Panic grips the Achaeans, and Agamemnon calls an assembly in tears and proposes that they flee home in their ships. Diomedes rebukes him, saying that he and Sthenelus will fight on until Troy falls, and the army cheers. Nestor praises Diomedes and advises a council of the elders at Agamemnon's hut, and sets the guard.

Lines 9.1–88 · 952 words · click a number to copy its link
1ὣς οἱ μὲν Τρῶες φυλακὰς ἔχον· αὐτὰρ Ἀχαιοὺς θεσπεσίη ἔχε φύζα φόβου κρυόεντος ἑταίρη, πένθεϊ δʼ ἀτλήτῳ βεβολήατο πάντες ἄριστοι. ὡς δʼ ἄνεμοι δύο πόντον ὀρίνετον ἰχθυόεντα 5Βορέης καὶ Ζέφυρος, τώ τε Θρῄκηθεν ἄητον ἐλθόντʼ ἐξαπίνης· ἄμυδις δέ τε κῦμα κελαινὸν κορθύεται, πολλὸν δὲ παρὲξ ἅλα φῦκος ἔχευεν· ὣς ἐδαΐζετο θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν Ἀχαιῶν. Ἀτρεΐδης δʼ ἄχεϊ μεγάλῳ βεβολημένος ἦτορ 10φοίτα κηρύκεσσι λιγυφθόγγοισι κελεύων κλήδην εἰς ἀγορὴν κικλήσκειν ἄνδρα ἕκαστον, μὴ δὲ βοᾶν· αὐτὸς δὲ μετὰ πρώτοισι πονεῖτο. ἷζον δʼ εἰν ἀγορῇ τετιηότες· ἂν δʼ Ἀγαμέμνων ἵστατο δάκρυ χέων ὥς τε κρήνη μελάνυδρος 15ἥ τε κατʼ αἰγίλιπος πέτρης δνοφερὸν χέει ὕδωρ· ὣς ὃ βαρὺ στενάχων ἔπεʼ Ἀργείοισι μετηύδα· ὦ φίλοι Ἀργείων ἡγήτορες ἠδὲ μέδοντες Ζεύς με μέγα Κρονίδης ἄτῃ ἐνέδησε βαρείῃ σχέτλιος, ὃς τότε μέν μοι ὑπέσχετο καὶ κατένευσεν 20Ἴλιον ἐκπέρσαντʼ εὐτείχεον ἀπονέεσθαι, νῦν δὲ κακὴν ἀπάτην βουλεύσατο, καί με κελεύει δυσκλέα Ἄργος ἱκέσθαι, ἐπεὶ πολὺν ὤλεσα λαόν.

Thus kept the Trojans watch, but the Achaeans were holden of wondrous Panic, the handmaid of numbing fear and with grief intolerable were all the noblest stricken. Even as two winds stir up the teeming deep, the North Wind and the West Wind that blow from Thrace, coming suddenly, and forthwith the dark wave reareth itself in crests and casteth much tangle out along the sea; even so were the hearts of the Achaeans rent within their breasts. But the son of Atreus, stricken to the heart with sore grief, went this way and that, bidding the clear-voiced heralds summon every man by name to the place of gathering, but not to shout aloud; and himself he toiled amid the foremost. So they sat in the place of gathering, sore troubled, and Agamemnon stood up weeping even as a fountain of dark water that down over the face of a beetling cliff poureth its dusky stream; even so with deep groaning spake he amid the Argives, saying: My friends, leaders and rulers of the Argives, great Zeus, son of Cronos, hath ensnared me in grievous blindness of heart, cruel god! seeing that of old he promised me, and bowed his head thereto, that not until I had sacked well-walled Ilios should I get me home; but now hath he planned cruel deceit, and biddeth me return inglorious to Argos, when I have lost much people.

23οὕτω που Διὶ μέλλει ὑπερμενέϊ φίλον εἶναι, ὃς δὴ πολλάων πολίων κατέλυσε κάρηνα 25ἠδʼ ἔτι καὶ λύσει· τοῦ γὰρ κράτος ἐστὶ μέγιστον. ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ ὡς ἂν ἐγὼ εἴπω πειθώμεθα πάντες· φεύγωμεν σὺν νηυσὶ φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν· οὐ γὰρ ἔτι Τροίην αἱρήσομεν εὐρυάγυιαν. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἀκὴν ἐγένοντο σιωπῇ. 30δὴν δʼ ἄνεῳ ἦσαν τετιηότες υἷες Ἀχαιῶν· ὀψὲ δὲ δὴ μετέειπε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης· Ἀτρεΐδη σοὶ πρῶτα μαχήσομαι ἀφραδέοντι, ἣ θέμις ἐστὶν ἄναξ ἀγορῇ· σὺ δὲ μή τι χολωθῇς. ἀλκὴν μέν μοι πρῶτον ὀνείδισας ἐν Δαναοῖσι 35φὰς ἔμεν ἀπτόλεμον καὶ ἀνάλκιδα· ταῦτα δὲ πάντα ἴσασʼ Ἀργείων ἠμὲν νέοι ἠδὲ γέροντες. σοὶ δὲ διάνδιχα δῶκε Κρόνου πάϊς ἀγκυλομήτεω· σκήπτρῳ μέν τοι δῶκε τετιμῆσθαι περὶ πάντων, ἀλκὴν δʼ οὔ τοι δῶκεν, ὅ τε κράτος ἐστὶ μέγιστον. 40δαιμόνιʼ οὕτω που μάλα ἔλπεαι υἷας Ἀχαιῶν ἀπτολέμους τʼ ἔμεναι καὶ ἀνάλκιδας ὡς ἀγορεύεις;

So, I ween, must be the good pleasure of Zeus supreme in might, who hath laid low the heads of many cities, yea, and shall lay low; for his power is above all. Nay, come, even as I shall bid let us all obey: let us flee with our ships to our dear native land; for no more is there hope that we shall take broad-wayed Troy. So spake he, and they all became hushed in silence. Long time were they silent in their grief, the sons of the Achaeans, but at length there spake among them Diomedes, good at the war-cry: Son of Atreus, with thee first will I contend in thy folly, where it is meet, O king, even in the place of gathering: and be not thou anywise wroth thereat. My valour didst thou revile at the first amid the Danaans, and saidst that I was no man of war but a weakling; and all this know the Achaeans both young and old. But as for thee, the son of crooked-counselling Cronos hath endowed thee in divided wise: with the sceptre hath he granted thee to be honoured above all, but valour he gave thee not, wherein is the greatest might. Strange king, dost thou indeed deem that the sons of the Achaeans are thus unwarlike and weaklings as thou sayest?

42εἰ δέ τοι αὐτῷ θυμὸς ἐπέσσυται ὥς τε νέεσθαι ἔρχεο· πάρ τοι ὁδός, νῆες δέ τοι ἄγχι θαλάσσης ἑστᾶσʼ, αἵ τοι ἕποντο Μυκήνηθεν μάλα πολλαί. 45ἀλλʼ ἄλλοι μενέουσι κάρη κομόωντες Ἀχαιοὶ εἰς ὅ κέ περ Τροίην διαπέρσομεν. εἰ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ φευγόντων σὺν νηυσὶ φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν· νῶϊ δʼ ἐγὼ Σθένελός τε μαχησόμεθʼ εἰς ὅ κε τέκμωρ Ἰλίου εὕρωμεν· σὺν γὰρ θεῷ εἰλήλουθμεν. 50ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἐπίαχον υἷες Ἀχαιῶν μῦθον ἀγασσάμενοι Διομήδεος ἱπποδάμοιο. τοῖσι δʼ ἀνιστάμενος μετεφώνεεν ἱππότα Νέστωρ· Τυδεΐδη περὶ μὲν πολέμῳ ἔνι καρτερός ἐσσι, καὶ βουλῇ μετὰ πάντας ὁμήλικας ἔπλευ ἄριστος. 55οὔ τίς τοι τὸν μῦθον ὀνόσσεται ὅσσοι Ἀχαιοί, οὐδὲ πάλιν ἐρέει· ἀτὰρ οὐ τέλος ἵκεο μύθων. ἦ μὲν καὶ νέος ἐσσί, ἐμὸς δέ κε καὶ πάϊς εἴης ὁπλότατος γενεῆφιν· ἀτὰρ πεπνυμένα βάζεις Ἀργείων βασιλῆας, ἐπεὶ κατὰ μοῖραν ἔειπες. 60ἀλλʼ ἄγʼ ἐγών, ὃς σεῖο γεραίτερος εὔχομαι εἶναι, ἐξείπω καὶ πάντα διίξομαι· οὐδέ κέ τίς μοι μῦθον ἀτιμήσειʼ, οὐδὲ κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων.

Nay, if thine own heart is eager to return, get thee gone; before thee lies the way, and thy ships stand beside the sea, all the many ships that followed thee from Mycenae. Howbeit the other long-haired Achaeans will abide here until we have laid waste Troy. Nay, let them also flee in their ships to their dear native land; yet will we twain, Sthenelus and I, fight on, until we win the goal of Ilios; for with the aid of heaven are we come. So spake he, and all the sons of the Achaeans shouted aloud, applauding the word of Diomedes, tamer of horses. Then uprose and spake among them the horseman Nestor: Son of Tydeus, above all men art thou mighty in battle, and in council art the best amid all those of thine own age. Not one of all the Achaeans will make light of what thou sayest neither gainsay it; yet hast thou not reached a final end of words. Moreover, thou art in sooth but young, thou mightest e'en be my son, my youngest born; yet thou givest prudent counsel to the princes of the Argives, seeing thou speakest according to right. But come, I that avow me to be older than thou will speak forth and will declare the whole; neither shall any man scorn my words, no, not even lord Agamemnon.

63ἀφρήτωρ ἀθέμιστος ἀνέστιός ἐστιν ἐκεῖνος ὃς πολέμου ἔραται ἐπιδημίου ὀκρυόεντος. 65ἀλλʼ ἤτοι νῦν μὲν πειθώμεθα νυκτὶ μελαίνῃ δόρπά τʼ ἐφοπλισόμεσθα· φυλακτῆρες δὲ ἕκαστοι λεξάσθων παρὰ τάφρον ὀρυκτὴν τείχεος ἐκτός. κούροισιν μὲν ταῦτʼ ἐπιτέλλομαι· αὐτὰρ ἔπειτα Ἀτρεΐδη σὺ μὲν ἄρχε· σὺ γὰρ βασιλεύτατός ἐσσι. 70δαίνυ δαῖτα γέρουσιν· ἔοικέ τοι, οὔ τοι ἀεικές. πλεῖαί τοι οἴνου κλισίαι, τὸν νῆες Ἀχαιῶν ἠμάτιαι Θρῄκηθεν ἐπʼ εὐρέα πόντον ἄγουσι· πᾶσά τοί ἐσθʼ ὑποδεξίη, πολέεσσι δʼ ἀνάσσεις. πολλῶν δʼ ἀγρομένων τῷ πείσεαι ὅς κεν ἀρίστην 75βουλὴν βουλεύσῃ· μάλα δὲ χρεὼ πάντας Ἀχαιοὺς ἐσθλῆς καὶ πυκινῆς, ὅτι δήϊοι ἐγγύθι νηῶν καίουσιν πυρὰ πολλά· τίς ἂν τάδε γηθήσειε; νὺξ δʼ ἧδʼ ἠὲ διαρραίσει στρατὸν ἠὲ σαώσει. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ ἄρα τοῦ μάλα μὲν κλύον ἠδὲ πίθοντο. 80ἐκ δὲ φυλακτῆρες σὺν τεύχεσιν ἐσσεύοντο ἀμφί τε Νεστορίδην Θρασυμήδεα ποιμένα λαῶν, ἠδʼ ἀμφʼ Ἀσκάλαφον καὶ Ἰάλμενον υἷας Ἄρηος ἀμφί τε Μηριόνην Ἀφαρῆά τε Δηΐπυρόν τε, ἠδʼ ἀμφὶ Κρείοντος υἱὸν Λυκομήδεα δῖον. 85ἕπτʼ ἔσαν ἡγεμόνες φυλάκων, ἑκατὸν δὲ ἑκάστῳ κοῦροι ἅμα στεῖχον δολίχʼ ἔγχεα χερσὶν ἔχοντες· κὰδ δὲ μέσον τάφρου καὶ τείχεος ἷζον ἰόντες· ἔνθα δὲ πῦρ κήαντο, τίθεντο δὲ δόρπα ἕκαστος.

A clanless, lawless, hearthless man is he that loveth dread strife among his own folk. Howbeit for this present let us yield to black night and make ready our supper; and let sentinels post themselves severally along the digged ditch without the wall. To the young men give I this charge; but thereafter do thou, son of Atreus, take the lead, for thou art most kingly. Make thou a feast for the elders; this were but right and seemly for thee. Full are thy huts of wine that the ships of the Achaeans bring thee each day from Thrace, over the wide sea; all manner of entertainment hast thou at hand, seeing thou art king over many. And when many are gathered together thou shalt follow him whoso shall devise the wisest counsel. And sore need have all the Achaeans of counsel both good and prudent, seeing that foemen hard by the ships are kindling their many watchfires; what man could rejoice thereat? This night shall either bring to ruin or save our host. So spake he, and they readily hearkened to him and obeyed. Forth hasted the sentinels in their harness around Nestor's son Thrasymedes, shepherd of the host, and Ascalaphus and Ialmenus, sons of Ares, and Meriones and Aphareus and Deïpyrus, and the son of Creon, goodly Lycomedes. Seven were the captains of the sentinels, and with each fared an hundred youths bearing long spears in their hands; then they went and sate them down midway betwixt trench and wall; and there they kindled a fire and made ready each man his meal.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.