Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 7.92–205: The nine champions draw lots

Menelaus is ashamed at the silence and is the first to arm, but Agamemnon holds him back. Nestor rebukes the Achaeans, wishes that he were young enough to fight Hector, and tells how he once killed Ereuthalion. Nine rise to answer the challenge, and the lot falls to Ajax son of Telamon, who prays to Zeus and arms himself.

Lines 7.92–205 · 1273 words · click a number to copy its link
92ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα πάντες ἀκὴν ἐγένοντο σιωπῇ· αἴδεσθεν μὲν ἀνήνασθαι, δεῖσαν δʼ ὑποδέχθαι· ὀψὲ δὲ δὴ Μενέλαος ἀνίστατο καὶ μετέειπε 95νείκει ὀνειδίζων, μέγα δὲ στεναχίζετο θυμῷ· ὤ μοι ἀπειλητῆρες Ἀχαιΐδες οὐκέτʼ Ἀχαιοί· ἦ μὲν δὴ λώβη τάδε γʼ ἔσσεται αἰνόθεν αἰνῶς εἰ μή τις Δαναῶν νῦν Ἕκτορος ἀντίος εἶσιν. ἀλλʼ ὑμεῖς μὲν πάντες ὕδωρ καὶ γαῖα γένοισθε 100ἥμενοι αὖθι ἕκαστοι ἀκήριοι ἀκλεὲς αὔτως· τῷδε δʼ ἐγὼν αὐτὸς θωρήξομαι· αὐτὰρ ὕπερθε νίκης πείρατʼ ἔχονται ἐν ἀθανάτοισι θεοῖσιν. ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας κατεδύσετο τεύχεα καλά. ἔνθά κέ τοι Μενέλαε φάνη βιότοιο τελευτὴ 105Ἕκτορος ἐν παλάμῃσιν, ἐπεὶ πολὺ φέρτερος ἦεν, εἰ μὴ ἀναΐξαντες ἕλον βασιλῆες Ἀχαιῶν, αὐτός τʼ Ἀτρεΐδης εὐρὺ κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων δεξιτερῆς ἕλε χειρὸς ἔπος τʼ ἔφατʼ ἔκ τʼ ὀνόμαζεν· ἀφραίνεις Μενέλαε διοτρεφές, οὐδέ τί σε χρὴ 110ταύτης ἀφροσύνης· ἀνὰ δὲ σχέο κηδόμενός περ, μηδʼ ἔθελʼ ἐξ ἔριδος σεῦ ἀμείνονι φωτὶ μάχεσθαι Ἕκτορι Πριαμίδῃ, τόν τε στυγέουσι καὶ ἄλλοι.

So spake he, and they all became hushed in silence; shame had they to deny him, but they feared to meet him. Howbeit at length Menelaus arose among them and spake, chiding them with words of reviling, and deeply did he groan at heart: Ah me, Ye braggarts, ye women of Achaea, men no more! Surely shall this be a disgrace dread and dire, if no man of the Danaans shall now go to meet Hector. Nay, may ye one and all turn to earth and water, ye that sit there each man with no heart in him, utterly inglorious. Against this man will I myself arm me; but from on high are the issues of victory holden of the immortal gods. So spake he, and did on his fair armour. And now Menelaus, would the end of life have appeared for thee at the hands of Hector, seeing he was mightier far, had not the kings of the Achaeans sprung up and laid hold of thee. And Atreus' son himself, wide-ruling Agamemnon, caught him by the right hand and spake to him, saying: Thou art mad, Menelaus, nurtured of Zeus, and this thy madness beseemeth thee not. Hold back, for all thy grief, and be not minded in rivalry to fight with one better than thou, even with Hector, son of Priam, of whom others besides thee are adread.

113καὶ δʼ Ἀχιλεὺς τούτῳ γε μάχῃ ἔνι κυδιανείρῃ ἔρριγʼ ἀντιβολῆσαι, ὅ περ σέο πολλὸν ἀμείνων. 115ἀλλὰ σὺ μὲν νῦν ἵζευ ἰὼν μετὰ ἔθνος ἑταίρων, τούτῳ δὲ πρόμον ἄλλον ἀναστήσουσιν Ἀχαιοί. εἴ περ ἀδειής τʼ ἐστὶ καὶ εἰ μόθου ἔστʼ ἀκόρητος, φημί μιν ἀσπασίως γόνυ κάμψειν, αἴ κε φύγῃσι δηΐου ἐκ πολέμοιο καὶ αἰνῆς δηϊοτῆτος. 120ὣς εἰπὼν παρέπεισεν ἀδελφειοῦ φρένας ἥρως αἴσιμα παρειπών, ὃ δʼ ἐπείθετο· τοῦ μὲν ἔπειτα γηθόσυνοι θεράποντες ἀπʼ ὤμων τεύχεʼ ἕλοντο· Νέστωρ δʼ Ἀργείοισιν ἀνίστατο καὶ μετέειπεν· ὢ πόποι ἦ μέγα πένθος Ἀχαιΐδα γαῖαν ἱκάνει. 125ἦ κε μέγʼ οἰμώξειε γέρων ἱππηλάτα Πηλεὺς ἐσθλὸς Μυρμιδόνων βουληφόρος ἠδʼ ἀγορητής, ὅς ποτέ μʼ εἰρόμενος μέγʼ ἐγήθεεν ᾧ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ πάντων Ἀργείων ἐρέων γενεήν τε τόκον τε. τοὺς νῦν εἰ πτώσσοντας ὑφʼ Ἕκτορι πάντας ἀκούσαι, 130πολλά κεν ἀθανάτοισι φίλας ἀνὰ χεῖρας ἀείραι θυμὸν ἀπὸ μελέων δῦναι δόμον Ἄϊδος εἴσω.

Even Achilles shuddereth to meet this man in battle, where men win glory; and he is better far than thou. Nay, go thou for this present, and sit thee amid the company of thy fellows; against this man shall the Achaeans raise up another champion. Fearless though he be and insatiate of battle, methinks he will be glad to bend his knees in rest, if so be he escape from the fury of war and the dread conflict. So spake the warrior and turned his brother's mind, for he counselled aright; and Menelaus obeyed. Then with gladness his squires took his armour from his shoulders; and Nestor rose up and spake amid the Argives: Fie upon you! In good sooth is great grief come upon the land of Achaea. Verily aloud would old Peleus groan, the driver of chariots, goodly counsellor, and orator of the Myrmidons, who on a time questioned me in his own house, and rejoiced greatly as he asked of the lineage and birth of all the Argives. If he were to hear that these were now all cowering before Hector then would he lift up his hands to the immortals in instant prayer that his soul might depart from his limbs into the house of Hades.

132αἲ γὰρ Ζεῦ τε πάτερ καὶ Ἀθηναίη καὶ Ἄπολλον ἡβῷμʼ ὡς ὅτʼ ἐπʼ ὠκυρόῳ Κελάδοντι μάχοντο ἀγρόμενοι Πύλιοί τε καὶ Ἀρκάδες ἐγχεσίμωροι 135Φειᾶς πὰρ τείχεσσιν Ἰαρδάνου ἀμφὶ ῥέεθρα. τοῖσι δʼ Ἐρευθαλίων πρόμος ἵστατο ἰσόθεος φὼς τεύχεʼ ἔχων ὤμοισιν Ἀρηϊθόοιο ἄνακτος δίου Ἀρηϊθόου, τὸν ἐπίκλησιν κορυνήτην ἄνδρες κίκλησκον καλλίζωνοί τε γυναῖκες 140οὕνεκʼ ἄρʼ οὐ τόξοισι μαχέσκετο δουρί τε μακρῷ, ἀλλὰ σιδηρείῃ κορύνῃ ῥήγνυσκε φάλαγγας. τὸν Λυκόοργος ἔπεφνε δόλῳ, οὔ τι κράτεΐ γε, στεινωπῷ ἐν ὁδῷ ὅθʼ ἄρʼ οὐ κορύνη οἱ ὄλεθρον χραῖσμε σιδηρείη· πρὶν γὰρ Λυκόοργος ὑποφθὰς 145δουρὶ μέσον περόνησεν, ὃ δʼ ὕπτιος οὔδει ἐρείσθη· τεύχεα δʼ ἐξενάριξε, τά οἱ πόρε χάλκεος Ἄρης. καὶ τὰ μὲν αὐτὸς ἔπειτα φόρει μετὰ μῶλον Ἄρηος· αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ Λυκόοργος ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἐγήρα, δῶκε δʼ Ἐρευθαλίωνι φίλῳ θεράποντι φορῆναι· 150τοῦ ὅ γε τεύχεʼ ἔχων προκαλίζετο πάντας ἀρίστους.

I would, O father Zeus and Athene and Apollo, that I were young as when beside swift-flowing Celadon the Pylians and Arcadians that rage with spears gathered together and fought beneath the walls of Pheia about the streams of Iardanus. On their side stood forth Ereuthalion as champion, a godlike man, bearing upon his shoulders the armour of king Areithous, goodly Areithous that men and fair-girdled women were wont to call the mace-man, for that he fought not with bow or long spear, but with a mace of iron brake the battalions. Him Lycurgus slew by guile and nowise by might, in a narrow way, where his mace of iron saved him not from destruction. For ere that might be Lycurgus came upon him at unawares and pierced him through the middle with his spear, and backward was he hurled upon the earth; and Lycurgus despoiled him of the armour that brazen Ares had given him. This armour he thereafter wore himself amid the turmoil of Ares, but when Lycurgus grew old within his halls he gave it to Ereuthalion, his dear squire, to wear.

151οἳ δὲ μάλʼ ἐτρόμεον καὶ ἐδείδισαν, οὐδέ τις ἔτλη· ἀλλʼ ἐμὲ θυμὸς ἀνῆκε πολυτλήμων πολεμίζειν θάρσεϊ ᾧ· γενεῇ δὲ νεώτατος ἔσκον ἁπάντων· καὶ μαχόμην οἱ ἐγώ, δῶκεν δέ μοι εὖχος Ἀθήνη. 155τὸν δὴ μήκιστον καὶ κάρτιστον κτάνον ἄνδρα· πολλὸς γάρ τις ἔκειτο παρήορος ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα. εἴθʼ ὣς ἡβώοιμι, βίη δέ μοι ἔμπεδος εἴη· τώ κε τάχʼ ἀντήσειε μάχης κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ. ὑμέων δʼ οἵ περ ἔασιν ἀριστῆες Παναχαιῶν 160οὐδʼ οἳ προφρονέως μέμαθʼ Ἕκτορος ἀντίον ἐλθεῖν. ὣς νείκεσσʼ ὃ γέρων, οἳ δʼ ἐννέα πάντες ἀνέσταν. ὦρτο πολὺ πρῶτος μὲν ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων, τῷ δʼ ἐπὶ Τυδεΐδης ὦρτο κρατερὸς Διομήδης, τοῖσι δʼ ἐπʼ Αἴαντες θοῦριν ἐπιειμένοι ἀλκήν, 165τοῖσι δʼ ἐπʼ Ἰδομενεὺς καὶ ὀπάων Ἰδομενῆος Μηριόνης ἀτάλαντος Ἐνυαλίῳ ἀνδρειφόντῃ, τοῖσι δʼ ἐπʼ Εὐρύπυλος Εὐαίμονος ἀγλαὸς υἱός, ἂν δὲ Θόας Ἀνδραιμονίδης καὶ δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς· πάντες ἄρʼ οἵ γʼ ἔθελον πολεμίζειν Ἕκτορι δίῳ.

And wearing this armour did Ereuthalion challenge all the bravest; but they trembled sore and were afraid, nor had any man courage to abide him. But me did my enduring heart set on to battle with him in my hardihood, though in years I was youngest of all. So fought I with him, and Athene gave me glory. The tallest was he and the strongest man that ever I slew: as a huge sprawling bulk he lay stretched this way and that. Would I were now as young and my strength as firm, then should Hector of the flashing helm soon find one to face him. Whereas ye that are chieftains of the whole host of the Achaeans, even ye are not minded with a ready heart to meet Hector face to face. So the old man chid them, and there stood up nine in all. Upsprang far the first the king of men, Agamemnon, and after him Tydeus' son, mighty Diomedes, and after them the Aiantes, clothed in furious valour, and after them Idomeneus and Idomeneus' comrade Meriones, the peer of Enyalius, slayer of men, and after them Eurypylus, the glorious son of Euaemon; and upsprang Thoas, son of Andraemon, and goodly Odysseus; all these were minded to do battle with goodly Hector.

170τοῖς δʼ αὖτις μετέειπε Γερήνιος ἱππότα Νέστωρ· κλήρῳ νῦν πεπάλασθε διαμπερὲς ὅς κε λάχῃσιν· οὗτος γὰρ δὴ ὀνήσει ἐϋκνήμιδας Ἀχαιούς, καὶ δʼ αὐτὸς ὃν θυμὸν ὀνήσεται αἴ κε φύγῃσι δηΐου ἐκ πολέμοιο καὶ αἰνῆς δηϊοτῆτος. 175ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δὲ κλῆρον ἐσημήναντο ἕκαστος, ἐν δʼ ἔβαλον κυνέῃ Ἀγαμέμνονος Ἀτρεΐδαο. λαοὶ δʼ ἠρήσαντο, θεοῖσι δὲ χεῖρας ἀνέσχον· ὧδε δέ τις εἴπεσκεν ἰδὼν εἰς οὐρανὸν εὐρύν· Ζεῦ πάτερ ἢ Αἴαντα λαχεῖν, ἢ Τυδέος υἱόν, 180ἢ αὐτὸν βασιλῆα πολυχρύσοιο Μυκήνης. ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφαν, πάλλεν δὲ Γερήνιος ἱππότα Νέστωρ, ἐκ δʼ ἔθορε κλῆρος κυνέης ὃν ἄρʼ ἤθελον αὐτοὶ Αἴαντος· κῆρυξ δὲ φέρων ἀνʼ ὅμιλον ἁπάντῃ δεῖξʼ ἐνδέξια πᾶσιν ἀριστήεσσιν Ἀχαιῶν. 185οἳ δʼ οὐ γιγνώσκοντες ἀπηνήναντο ἕκαστος. ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τὸν ἵκανε φέρων ἀνʼ ὅμιλον ἁπάντῃ ὅς μιν ἐπιγράψας κυνέῃ βάλε φαίδιμος Αἴας, ἤτοι ὑπέσχεθε χεῖρʼ, ὃ δʼ ἄρʼ ἔμβαλεν ἄγχι παραστάς, γνῶ δὲ κλήρου σῆμα ἰδών, γήθησε δὲ θυμῷ. 190τὸν μὲν πὰρ πόδʼ ἑὸν χαμάδις βάλε φώνησέν τε· ὦ φίλοι ἤτοι κλῆρος ἐμός, χαίρω δὲ καὶ αὐτὸς θυμῷ, ἐπεὶ δοκέω νικησέμεν Ἕκτορα δῖον. ἀλλʼ ἄγετʼ ὄφρʼ ἂν ἐγὼ πολεμήϊα τεύχεα δύω, τόφρʼ ὑμεῖς εὔχεσθε Διὶ Κρονίωνι ἄνακτι 195σιγῇ ἐφʼ ὑμείων ἵνα μὴ Τρῶές γε πύθωνται, ἠὲ καὶ ἀμφαδίην, ἐπεὶ οὔ τινα δείδιμεν ἔμπης· οὐ γάρ τίς με βίῃ γε ἑκὼν ἀέκοντα δίηται οὐδέ τι ἰδρείῃ, ἐπεὶ οὐδʼ ἐμὲ νήϊδά γʼ οὕτως ἔλπομαι ἐν Σαλαμῖνι γενέσθαι τε τραφέμεν τε. 200ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἳ δʼ εὔχοντο Διὶ Κρονίωνι ἄνακτι· ὧδε δέ τις εἴπεσκεν ἰδὼν εἰς οὐρανὸν εὐρύν· Ζεῦ πάτερ Ἴδηθεν μεδέων κύδιστε μέγιστε δὸς νίκην Αἴαντι καὶ ἀγλαὸν εὖχος ἀρέσθαι· εἰ δὲ καὶ Ἕκτορά περ φιλέεις καὶ κήδεαι αὐτοῦ, 205ἴσην ἀμφοτέροισι βίην καὶ κῦδος ὄπασσον.

Then among them spake again the horseman, Nestor of Gerenia: Cast ye the lot now from the first unto the last for him whoso shall be chosen; for he shall verily profit the well-greaved Achaeans and himself in his own soul shall profit withal, if so be he escape from the fury of war and the dread conflict. So said he, and they marked each man his lot and cast them in the helmet of Agamemnon, son of Atreus; and the host made prayer, and lifted up their hands to the gods. And thus would one say with a lance up to the broad heaven: Father Zeus, grant that the lot fall of Aias or the son of Tydeus or else on the king himself of Mycene rich in gold. So spake they, and the horseman, Nestor of Gerenia, shook the helmet, and forth therefrom leapt the lot that themselves desired, even the lot of Aias. And the herald bare it everywhither throughout the throng, and showed it from left to right to all the chieftains of the Achaeans; but they knew it not, and denied it every man. But when in bearing it everywhither throughout the throng he was come to him that had marked it and cast it into the helm, even to glorious Aias, then Aias held forth his hand, and the herald drew near and laid the lot therein; and Aias knew at a glance the token on the lot, and waxed glad at heart. The lot then he cast upon the ground beside his foot, and spake: My friends, of a surety the lot is mine, and mine own heart rejoiceth, for I deem that I shall vanquish goodly Hector. But come now, while I am doing on me my battle gear, make ye prayer the while to king Zeus, son of Cronos, in silence by yourselves, that the Trojans learn naught thereof—nay, or openly, if ye will, since in any case we fear no man. For by force shall no man drive me in flight of his own will and in despite of mine, nor yet by skill; since as no skilless wight methinks was I born and reared in Salamis. So spake he, and they made prayer to king Zeus, son of Cronos; and thus would one speak with a glance up to the broad heaven: Father Zeus, that rulest from Ida, most glorious, most great, vouchsafe victory to Aias and that he win him glorious renown; or if so be thou lovest Hector too, and carest for him, vouchsafe to both equal might and glory.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.