Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 5.711–792: Hera and Athena ride down to the plain

Hera harnesses her chariot while Hebe fits the wheels, and she and Athena arm themselves, Athena taking the aegis and her great spear. The Hours open the gates of heaven, and Hera asks Zeus whether she may drive Ares from the battle, and he tells her to set Athena on him. They come to the plain where the Simois and Scamander meet, and Hera, in the voice of Stentor, shouts to shame the Achaeans.

Lines 5.711–792 · 899 words · click a number to copy its link
711τοὺς δʼ ὡς οὖν ἐνόησε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη Ἀργείους ὀλέκοντας ἐνὶ κρατερῇ ὑσμίνῃ, αὐτίκʼ Ἀθηναίην ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· ὢ πόποι αἰγιόχοιο Διὸς τέκος Ἀτρυτώνη, 715ἦ ῥʼ ἅλιον τὸν μῦθον ὑπέστημεν Μενελάῳ Ἴλιον ἐκπέρσαντʼ εὐτείχεον ἀπονέεσθαι, εἰ οὕτω μαίνεσθαι ἐάσομεν οὖλον Ἄρηα. ἀλλʼ ἄγε δὴ καὶ νῶϊ μεδώμεθα θούριδος ἀλκῆς. ὣς ἔφατʼ, οὐδʼ ἀπίθησε θεὰ γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη. 720ἣ μὲν ἐποιχομένη χρυσάμπυκας ἔντυεν ἵππους Ἥρη πρέσβα θεὰ θυγάτηρ μεγάλοιο Κρόνοιο· Ἥβη δʼ ἀμφʼ ὀχέεσσι θοῶς βάλε καμπύλα κύκλα χάλκεα ὀκτάκνημα σιδηρέῳ ἄξονι ἀμφίς. τῶν ἤτοι χρυσέη ἴτυς ἄφθιτος, αὐτὰρ ὕπερθε 725χάλκεʼ ἐπίσσωτρα προσαρηρότα, θαῦμα ἰδέσθαι· πλῆμναι δʼ ἀργύρου εἰσὶ περίδρομοι ἀμφοτέρωθεν· δίφρος δὲ χρυσέοισι καὶ ἀργυρέοισιν ἱμᾶσιν ἐντέταται, δοιαὶ δὲ περίδρομοι ἄντυγές εἰσι.

But when the goddess, white-armed Hera, was ware of them as they made havoc of the Argives in the fierce conflict, forthwith she spake winged words to Athene: Out upon it, thou child of Zeus that beareth the aegis, unwearied one, verily it was for naught that we pledged our word to Menelaus, that not until he had sacked well-walled Ilios should he get him home, if we are to suffer baneful Ares thus to rage. Nay, come, let us twain likewise bethink us of furious valour. So spake she, and the goddess, flashing-eyed Athene, failed not to hearken. Then Hera, the queenly goddess, daughter of great Cronos, went to and fro harnessing the horses of golden frontlets. and Hebe quickly put to the car on either side the curved wheels of bronze, eight-spoked, about the iron axle-tree. Of these the felloe verily is of gold imperishable, and thereover are tires of bronze fitted, a marvel to behold; and the naves are of silver, revolving on this side and on that; and the body is plaited tight with gold and silver thongs, and two rims there are that run about it.

729τοῦ δʼ ἐξ ἀργύρεος ῥυμὸς πέλεν· αὐτὰρ ἐπʼ ἄκρῳ 730δῆσε χρύσειον καλὸν ζυγόν, ἐν δὲ λέπαδνα κάλʼ ἔβαλε χρύσειʼ· ὑπὸ δὲ ζυγὸν ἤγαγεν Ἥρη ἵππους ὠκύποδας, μεμαυῖʼ ἔριδος καὶ ἀϋτῆς. αὐτὰρ Ἀθηναίη κούρη Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο πέπλον μὲν κατέχευεν ἑανὸν πατρὸς ἐπʼ οὔδει 735ποικίλον, ὅν ῥʼ αὐτὴ ποιήσατο καὶ κάμε χερσίν· ἣ δὲ χιτῶνʼ ἐνδῦσα Διὸς νεφεληγερέταο τεύχεσιν ἐς πόλεμον θωρήσσετο δακρυόεντα. ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ ὤμοισιν βάλετʼ αἰγίδα θυσσανόεσσαν δεινήν, ἣν περὶ μὲν πάντῃ Φόβος ἐστεφάνωται, 740ἐν δʼ Ἔρις, ἐν δʼ Ἀλκή, ἐν δὲ κρυόεσσα Ἰωκή, ἐν δέ τε Γοργείη κεφαλὴ δεινοῖο πελώρου δεινή τε σμερδνή τε, Διὸς τέρας αἰγιόχοιο. κρατὶ δʼ ἐπʼ ἀμφίφαλον κυνέην θέτο τετραφάληρον χρυσείην, ἑκατὸν πολίων πρυλέεσσʼ ἀραρυῖαν· 745ἐς δʼ ὄχεα φλόγεα ποσὶ βήσετο, λάζετο δʼ ἔγχος βριθὺ μέγα στιβαρόν, τῷ δάμνησι στίχας ἀνδρῶν ἡρώων, οἷσίν τε κοτέσσεται ὀβριμοπάτρη.

From the body stood forth the pole of silver, and on the end thereof she bound the fair golden yoke, and cast thereon the fair golden breast-straps; and Hera led beneath the yoke the swift-footed horses, and was eager for strife and the war-cry. But Athene, daughter of Zeus that beareth the aegis, let fall upon her father's floor her soft robe, richly broidered, that herself had wrought and her hands had fashioned, and put on her the tunic of Zeus, the cloud-gatherer, and arrayed her in armour for tearful war. About her shoulders she flung the tasselled aegis, fraught with terror, all about which Rout is set as a crown, and therein is Strife, therein Valour, and therein Onset, that maketh the blood run cold, and therein is the head of the dread monster, the Gorgon, dread and awful, a portent of Zeus that beareth the aegis. And upon her head she set the helmet with two horns and with bosses four, wrought of gold, and fitted with the men-at-arms of an hundred cities. Then she stepped upon the flaming car and grasped her spear, heavy and huge and strong, wherewith she vanquisheth the ranks of men—of warriors with whom she is wroth, she, the daughter of the mighty sire.

748Ἥρη δὲ μάστιγι θοῶς ἐπεμαίετʼ ἄρʼ ἵππους· αὐτόμαται δὲ πύλαι μύκον οὐρανοῦ ἃς ἔχον Ὧραι, 750τῇς ἐπιτέτραπται μέγας οὐρανὸς Οὔλυμπός τε ἠμὲν ἀνακλῖναι πυκινὸν νέφος ἠδʼ ἐπιθεῖναι. τῇ ῥα διʼ αὐτάων κεντρηνεκέας ἔχον ἵππους· εὗρον δὲ Κρονίωνα θεῶν ἄτερ ἥμενον ἄλλων ἀκροτάτῃ κορυφῇ πολυδειράδος Οὐλύμποιο. 755ἔνθʼ ἵππους στήσασα θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη Ζῆνʼ ὕπατον Κρονίδην ἐξείρετο καὶ προσέειπε· Ζεῦ πάτερ οὐ νεμεσίζῃ Ἄρῃ τάδε καρτερὰ ἔργα ὁσσάτιόν τε καὶ οἷον ἀπώλεσε λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν μὰψ ἀτὰρ οὐ κατὰ κόσμον ἐμοὶ δʼ ἄχος, οἳ δὲ ἕκηλοι 760τέρπονται Κύπρίς τε καὶ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων ἄφρονα τοῦτον ἀνέντες, ὃς οὔ τινα οἶδε θέμιστα; Ζεῦ πάτερ ἦ ῥά τί μοι κεχολώσεαι, αἴ κεν Ἄρηα λυγρῶς πεπληγυῖα μάχης ἐξαποδίωμαι; τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς· 765ἄγρει μάν οἱ ἔπορσον Ἀθηναίην ἀγελείην, ἥ ἑ μάλιστʼ εἴωθε κακῇς ὀδύνῃσι πελάζειν.

And Hera swiftly touched the horses with the lash, and self-bidden groaned upon their hinges the gates of heaven which the Hours had in their keeping, to whom are entrusted great heaven and Olympus, whether to throw open the thick cloud or shut it to. There through the gate they drave their horses patient of the goad; and they found the son of Cronos as he sat apart from the other gods on the topmost peak of many-ridged Olympus. Then the goddess, white-armed Hera, stayed the horses, and made question of Zeus most high, the son of Cronos, and spake to him: Father Zeus, hast thou no indignation with Ares for these violent deeds, that he hath destroyed so great and so goodly a host of the Achaeans recklessly and in no seemly wise to my sorrow; while at their ease Cypris and Apollo of the silver bow take their joy, having set on this madman that regardeth not any law? Father Zeus, wilt thou in any wise be wroth with me if I smite Ares in sorry fashion and drive him out of the battle? Then in answer spake to her Zeus, the cloud-gatherer: Nay, come now, rouse against him Athene, driver of the spoil, who has ever been wont above others to bring sore pain upon him.

767ὣς ἔφατʼ, οὐδʼ ἀπίθησε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη, μάστιξεν δʼ ἵππους· τὼ δʼ οὐκ ἀέκοντε πετέσθην μεσσηγὺς γαίης τε καὶ οὐρανοῦ ἀστερόεντος. 770ὅσσον δʼ ἠεροειδὲς ἀνὴρ ἴδεν ὀφθαλμοῖσιν ἥμενος ἐν σκοπιῇ, λεύσσων ἐπὶ οἴνοπα πόντον, τόσσον ἐπιθρῴσκουσι θεῶν ὑψηχέες ἵπποι. ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ Τροίην ἷξον ποταμώ τε ῥέοντε, ἧχι ῥοὰς Σιμόεις συμβάλλετον ἠδὲ Σκάμανδρος, 775ἔνθʼ ἵππους ἔστησε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη λύσασʼ ἐξ ὀχέων, περὶ δʼ ἠέρα πουλὺν ἔχευε· τοῖσιν δʼ ἀμβροσίην Σιμόεις ἀνέτειλε νέμεσθαι. αἳ δὲ βάτην τρήρωσι πελειάσιν ἴθμαθʼ ὁμοῖαι ἀνδράσιν Ἀργείοισιν ἀλεξέμεναι μεμαυῖαι· 780ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή ῥʼ ἵκανον ὅθι πλεῖστοι καὶ ἄριστοι ἕστασαν ἀμφὶ βίην Διομήδεος ἱπποδάμοιο εἰλόμενοι λείουσιν ἐοικότες ὠμοφάγοισιν ἢ συσὶ κάπροισιν, τῶν τε σθένος οὐκ ἀλαπαδνόν, ἔνθα στᾶσʼ ἤϋσε θεὰ λευκώλενος Ἥρη 785Στέντορι εἰσαμένη μεγαλήτορι χαλκεοφώνῳ, ὃς τόσον αὐδήσασχʼ ὅσον ἄλλοι πεντήκοντα· αἰδὼς Ἀργεῖοι κάκʼ ἐλέγχεα εἶδος ἀγητοί· ὄφρα μὲν ἐς πόλεμον πωλέσκετο δῖος Ἀχιλλεύς, οὐδέ ποτε Τρῶες πρὸ πυλάων Δαρδανιάων 790οἴχνεσκον· κείνου γὰρ ἐδείδισαν ὄβριμον ἔγχος· νῦν δὲ ἑκὰς πόλιος κοίλῃς ἐπὶ νηυσὶ μάχονται. ὣς εἰποῦσʼ ὄτρυνε μένος καὶ θυμὸν ἑκάστου.

So spake he, and the goddess, white-armed Hera, failed not to hearken, but touched her horses with the the lash; and nothing loath the pair flew on between earth and starry heaven. As far as a man seeth with his eyes into the haze of distance as he sitteth on a place of outlook and gazeth over the wine-dark deep, even so far do the loud-neighing horses of the gods spring at a bound. But when they were come to the land of Troy and the two flowing rivers, where the Simoïs and Scamander join their streams, there the goddess, white-armed Hera, stayed her horses, and loosed them from the car, and shed thick mist about them; and Simoïs made ambrosia to spring up for them to graze upon. Then the goddesses twain went their way with steps like those of timorous doves, eager to bring aid to the Argive warriors. And when they were come where the most and the bravest stood close thronging about mighty Diomedes, tamer of horses, in semblance like ravening lions or wild boars, whose is no weakling strength, there the goddess, white-armed Hera, stood and shouted in the likeness of great-hearted Stentor of the brazen voice, whose voice is as the voice of fifty other men: Fie, ye Argives, base things of shame fair in semblance only! So long as goodly Achilles was wont to fare into battle, never would the Trojans come forth even before the Dardanian gate; for of his mighty spear had they dread; but now far from the city they are fighting at the hollow ships. So saying she roused the strength and spirit of every man.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Iliad 5.711–792: Hera and Athena ride down to the plain