Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 5.431–518: Apollo rescues Aeneas; Ares rallies the Trojans

Diomedes rushes at Aeneas three times, but Apollo thrusts him back and carries Aeneas to his temple in Pergamus, where Leto and Artemis heal him, while Apollo makes a phantom of Aeneas for the armies to fight over. Apollo rouses Ares to join the Trojans, and Ares rallies them in the likeness of Acamas. Sarpedon rebukes Hector, who rouses his men, and Aeneas returns to the fighting healed.

Lines 5.431–518 · 966 words · click a number to copy its link
431ὣς οἳ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον, Αἰνείᾳ δʼ ἐπόρουσε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης, γιγνώσκων ὅ οἱ αὐτὸς ὑπείρεχε χεῖρας Ἀπόλλων· ἀλλʼ ὅ γʼ ἄρʼ οὐδὲ θεὸν μέγαν ἅζετο, ἵετο δʼ αἰεὶ 435Αἰνείαν κτεῖναι καὶ ἀπὸ κλυτὰ τεύχεα δῦσαι. τρὶς μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἐπόρουσε κατακτάμεναι μενεαίνων, τρὶς δέ οἱ ἐστυφέλιξε φαεινὴν ἀσπίδʼ Ἀπόλλων· ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τὸ τέταρτον ἐπέσσυτο δαίμονι ἶσος, δεινὰ δʼ ὁμοκλήσας προσέφη ἑκάεργος Ἀπόλλων· 440φράζεο Τυδεΐδη καὶ χάζεο, μηδὲ θεοῖσιν ἶσʼ ἔθελε φρονέειν, ἐπεὶ οὔ ποτε φῦλον ὁμοῖον ἀθανάτων τε θεῶν χαμαὶ ἐρχομένων τʼ ἀνθρώπων. ὣς φάτο, Τυδεΐδης δʼ ἀνεχάζετο τυτθὸν ὀπίσσω μῆνιν ἀλευάμενος ἑκατηβόλου Ἀπόλλωνος. 445Αἰνείαν δʼ ἀπάτερθεν ὁμίλου θῆκεν Ἀπόλλων Περγάμῳ εἰν ἱερῇ, ὅθι οἱ νηός γε τέτυκτο. ἤτοι τὸν Λητώ τε καὶ Ἄρτεμις ἰοχέαιρα ἐν μεγάλῳ ἀδύτῳ ἀκέοντό τε κύδαινόν τε· αὐτὰρ ὃ εἴδωλον τεῦξʼ ἀργυρότοξος Ἀπόλλων 450αὐτῷ τʼ Αἰνείᾳ ἴκελον καὶ τεύχεσι τοῖον, ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ εἰδώλῳ Τρῶες καὶ δῖοι Ἀχαιοὶ δῄουν ἀλλήλων ἀμφὶ στήθεσσι βοείας ἀσπίδας εὐκύκλους λαισήϊά τε πτερόεντα.

On this wise spake they one to the other; but Diomedes, good at the war-cry, leapt upon Aeneas, though well he knew that Apollo himself held forth his arms above him; yet had he no awe even of the great god, but was still eager to slay Aeneas and strip from him his glorious armour. Thrice then he leapt upon him, furiously fain to slay him, and thrice did Apollo beat back his shining shield. But when for the fourth time he rushed upon him like a god, then with a terrible cry spake to him Apollo that worketh afar: Bethink thee, son of Tydeus, and give place, neither be thou minded to be like of spirit with the gods; seeing in no wise of like sort is the race of immortal gods and that of men who walk upon the earth. So spake he, and the son of Tydeus gave ground a scant space backward, avoiding the wrath of Apollo that smiteth afar. Aeneas then did Apollo set apart from the throng in sacred Pergamus where was his temple builded. There Leto and the archer Artemis healed him in the great sanctuary, and glorified him; but Apollo of the silver bow fashioned a wraith in the likeness of Aeneas' self and in armour like to his; and over the wraith the Trojans and goodly Achaeans smote the bull's-hide bucklers about one another's breasts, the round shields and fluttering targets.

454δὴ τότε θοῦρον Ἄρηα προσηύδα Φοῖβος Ἀπόλλων· 455Ἆρες Ἄρες βροτολοιγὲ μιαιφόνε τειχεσιπλῆτα, οὐκ ἂν δὴ τόνδʼ ἄνδρα μάχης ἐρύσαιο μετελθὼν Τυδεΐδην, ὃς νῦν γε καὶ ἂν Διὶ πατρὶ μάχοιτο; Κύπριδα μὲν πρῶτα σχεδὸν οὔτασε χεῖρʼ ἐπὶ καρπῷ, αὐτὰρ ἔπειτʼ αὐτῷ μοι ἐπέσσυτο δαίμονι ἶσος. 460ὣς εἰπὼν αὐτὸς μὲν ἐφέζετο Περγάμῳ ἄκρῃ, Τρῳὰς δὲ στίχας οὖλος Ἄρης ὄτρυνε μετελθὼν εἰδόμενος Ἀκάμαντι θοῷ ἡγήτορι Θρῃκῶν· υἱάσι δὲ Πριάμοιο διοτρεφέεσσι κέλευεν· ὦ υἱεῖς Πριάμοιο διοτρεφέος βασιλῆος 465ἐς τί ἔτι κτείνεσθαι ἐάσετε λαὸν Ἀχαιοῖς; ἦ εἰς ὅ κεν ἀμφὶ πύλῃς εὖ ποιητῇσι μάχωνται; κεῖται ἀνὴρ ὃν ἶσον ἐτίομεν Ἕκτορι δίῳ Αἰνείας υἱὸς μεγαλήτορος Ἀγχίσαο· ἀλλʼ ἄγετʼ ἐκ φλοίσβοιο σαώσομεν ἐσθλὸν ἑταῖρον. 470ὣς εἰπὼν ὄτρυνε μένος καὶ θυμὸν ἑκάστου. ἔνθʼ αὖ Σαρπηδὼν μάλα νείκεσεν Ἕκτορα δῖον· Ἕκτορ πῇ δή τοι μένος οἴχεται ὃ πρὶν ἔχεσκες;

Then unto furious Ares spake Phoebus Apollo: Ares, Ares, thou bane of mortals, thou blood-stained stormer of walls, wilt thou not now enter into the battle and withdraw this man therefrom, this son of Tydeus, who now would fight even against father Zeus? Cypris first hath he wounded in close fight on the hand at the wrist, and thereafter rushed he upon mine own self like unto a god. So spake he, and himself sate him down upon the height of Pergamus, and baneful Ares entered amid the Trojans' ranks and urged them on, in the likeness of swft Acamas, leader of the Thracians. To Priam's sons, nurtured of Zeus, he called, saying: Ye sons of Priam, the king nurtured of Zeus, how long will ye still suffer your host to be slain by the Achaeans? Shall it be until such time as they fight about our well-built gates? Low lieth a man whom we honoured even as goodly Hector, Aeneas, son of great-hearted Anchises. Nay, come, let us save from out the din of conflict our noble comrade. So saying he aroused the strength and spirit of every man. And Sarpedon moreover sternly chid goodly Hector, saying: Hector, where now is the strength gone that aforetime thou hadst?

473φῆς που ἄτερ λαῶν πόλιν ἑξέμεν ἠδʼ ἐπικούρων οἶος σὺν γαμβροῖσι κασιγνήτοισί τε σοῖσι. 475τῶν νῦν οὔ τινʼ ἐγὼ ἰδέειν δύναμʼ οὐδὲ νοῆσαι, ἀλλὰ καταπτώσσουσι κύνες ὣς ἀμφὶ λέοντα· ἡμεῖς δὲ μαχόμεσθʼ οἵ πέρ τʼ ἐπίκουροι ἔνειμεν. καὶ γὰρ ἐγὼν ἐπίκουρος ἐὼν μάλα τηλόθεν ἥκω· τηλοῦ γὰρ Λυκίη Ξάνθῳ ἔπι δινήεντι, 480ἔνθʼ ἄλοχόν τε φίλην ἔλιπον καὶ νήπιον υἱόν, κὰδ δὲ κτήματα πολλά, τὰ ἔλδεται ὅς κʼ ἐπιδευής. ἀλλὰ καὶ ὧς Λυκίους ὀτρύνω καὶ μέμονʼ αὐτὸς ἀνδρὶ μαχήσασθαι· ἀτὰρ οὔ τί μοι ἐνθάδε τοῖον οἷόν κʼ ἠὲ φέροιεν Ἀχαιοὶ ἤ κεν ἄγοιεν· 485τύνη δʼ ἕστηκας, ἀτὰρ οὐδʼ ἄλλοισι κελεύεις λαοῖσιν μενέμεν καὶ ἀμυνέμεναι ὤρεσσι. μή πως ὡς ἀψῖσι λίνου ἁλόντε πανάγρου ἀνδράσι δυσμενέεσσιν ἕλωρ καὶ κύρμα γένησθε· οἳ δὲ τάχʼ ἐκπέρσουσʼ εὖ ναιομένην πόλιν ὑμήν. 490σοὶ δὲ χρὴ τάδε πάντα μέλειν νύκτάς τε καὶ ἦμαρ ἀρχοὺς λισσομένῳ τηλεκλειτῶν ἐπικούρων νωλεμέως ἐχέμεν, κρατερὴν δʼ ἀποθέσθαι ἐνιπήν.

Thou saidst forsooth that without hosts and allies thou wouldst hold the city alone with the aid of thy sisters' husbands and thy brothers; howbeit of these can I now neither behold nor mark anyone, but they cower as dogs about a lion; and it is we that fight, we that are but allies among you. For I that am but an ally am come from very far; afar is Lycia by eddying Xanthus, where I left my dear wife and infant son, and my great wealth the which every man that is in lack coveteth. Yet even so urge I on the Lycians, and am fain myself to fight my man, though here is naught of mine such as the Achaeans might bear away or drive; whereas thou standest and dost not even urge thy hosts to abide and defend their wives. Beware lest thou and they, as if caught in the meshes of all-ensnaring flax, become a prey and spoil unto your foemen; and they shall anon lay waste your well-peopled city. On thee should all these cares rest by night and day, and thou shouldest beseech the captains of thy far-famed allies to hold their ground unflinchingly, and so put away from thee strong rebukings.

493ὣς φάτο Σαρπηδών, δάκε δὲ φρένας Ἕκτορι μῦθος· αὐτίκα δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων σὺν τεύχεσιν ἆλτο χαμᾶζε, 495πάλλων δʼ ὀξέα δοῦρα κατὰ στρατὸν ᾤχετο πάντῃ ὀτρύνων μαχέσασθαι, ἔγειρε δὲ φύλοπιν αἰνήν. οἳ δʼ ἐλελίχθησαν καὶ ἐναντίοι ἔσταν Ἀχαιῶν· Ἀργεῖοι δʼ ὑπέμειναν ἀολλέες οὐδὲ φόβηθεν. ὡς δʼ ἄνεμος ἄχνας φορέει ἱερὰς κατʼ ἀλωὰς 500ἀνδρῶν λικμώντων, ὅτε τε ξανθὴ Δημήτηρ κρίνῃ ἐπειγομένων ἀνέμων καρπόν τε καὶ ἄχνας, αἳ δʼ ὑπολευκαίνονται ἀχυρμιαί· ὣς τότʼ Ἀχαιοὶ λευκοὶ ὕπερθε γένοντο κονισάλῳ, ὅν ῥα διʼ αὐτῶν οὐρανὸν ἐς πολύχαλκον ἐπέπληγον πόδες ἵππων 505ἂψ ἐπιμισγομένων· ὑπὸ δʼ ἔστρεφον ἡνιοχῆες. οἳ δὲ μένος χειρῶν ἰθὺς φέρον· ἀμφὶ δὲ νύκτα θοῦρος Ἄρης ἐκάλυψε μάχῃ Τρώεσσιν ἀρήγων πάντοσʼ ἐποιχόμενος· τοῦ δʼ ἐκραίαινεν ἐφετμὰς Φοίβου Ἀπόλλωνος χρυσαόρου, ὅς μιν ἀνώγει 510Τρωσὶν θυμὸν ἐγεῖραι, ἐπεὶ ἴδε Παλλάδʼ Ἀθήνην οἰχομένην· ἣ γάρ ῥα πέλεν Δαναοῖσιν ἀρηγών. αὐτὸς δʼ Αἰνείαν μάλα πίονος ἐξ ἀδύτοιο ἧκε, καὶ ἐν στήθεσσι μένος βάλε ποιμένι λαῶν. Αἰνείας δʼ ἑτάροισι μεθίστατο· τοὶ δὲ χάρησαν, 515ὡς εἶδον ζωόν τε καὶ ἀρτεμέα προσιόντα καὶ μένος ἐσθλὸν ἔχοντα· μετάλλησάν γε μὲν οὔ τι. οὐ γὰρ ἔα πόνος ἄλλος, ὃν ἀργυρότοξος ἔγειρεν Ἄρης τε βροτολοιγὸς Ἔρις τʼ ἄμοτον μεμαυῖα.

So spake Sarpedon, and his word stung Hector to the heart. Forthwith he leapt in his armour from his chariot to the ground, and brandishing his two sharp spears went everywhere throughout the host, urging men to fight, and roused the dread din of battle. So they rallied and took their stand with their faces towards the Achaeans; and the Argives in close throng abode their coming and fled not. And even as the wind carrieth chaff about the sacred threshing-floors of men that are winnowing, when fair-haired Demeter amid the driving blasts of wind separates the grain from the chaff, and the heaps of chaff grow white; even so now did the Achaeans grow white over head and shoulders beneath the cloud of dust that through the midst of the warriors the hooves of their horses beat up to the brazen heaven, as the fight was joined again; and the charioteers wheeled round. The might of their hands they bare straight forward, and about the battle furious Ares drew a veil of night to aid the Trojans, ranging everywhere; so fulfilled he the behest of Phoebus Apollo of the golden sword, who bade him rouse the spirit of the Trojans, whenso he saw that Pallas Athene was departed; for she it was that bare aid to the Danaans. And Apollo himself sent Aeneas forth from out the rich sanctuary, and put courage in the breast of the shepherd of the host. And Aeneas took his place in the midst of his comrades, and these waxed glad as they saw him come to join them alive and whole and possessed of valiant courage. Howbeit they questioned him not at all, for toil of other sort forbade them, even that which he of the silver bow was stirring, and Ares the bane of mortals, and Discord that rageth without ceasing.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Iliad Book 5, lines 431–518: Apollo rescues Aeneas