Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 6.1–118: Helenus sends Hector to Troy

The Trojans give way before the Achaeans: Ajax kills Acamas and Diomedes kills Axylus, and Menelaus is about to spare Adrastus when Agamemnon kills him. Helenus tells Aeneas and Hector to hold the Trojans at the gates, and asks Hector to go to the city and have the older women offer a robe to Athena and vow twelve heifers if she will keep Diomedes from Troy. Hector rallies the host and leaves for Ilios.

Lines 6.1–118 · 1269 words · click a number to copy its link
1Τρώων δʼ οἰώθη καὶ Ἀχαιῶν φύλοπις αἰνή· πολλὰ δʼ ἄρʼ ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθʼ ἴθυσε μάχη πεδίοιο ἀλλήλων ἰθυνομένων χαλκήρεα δοῦρα μεσσηγὺς Σιμόεντος ἰδὲ Ξάνθοιο ῥοάων. 5Αἴας δὲ πρῶτος Τελαμώνιος ἕρκος Ἀχαιῶν Τρώων ῥῆξε φάλαγγα, φόως δʼ ἑτάροισιν ἔθηκεν, ἄνδρα βαλὼν ὃς ἄριστος ἐνὶ Θρῄκεσσι τέτυκτο υἱὸν Ἐϋσσώρου Ἀκάμαντʼ ἠΰν τε μέγαν τε. τόν ῥʼ ἔβαλε πρῶτος κόρυθος φάλον ἱπποδασείης, 10ἐν δὲ μετώπῳ πῆξε, πέρησε δʼ ἄρʼ ὀστέον εἴσω αἰχμὴ χαλκείη· τὸν δὲ σκότος ὄσσε κάλυψεν. Ἄξυλον δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπεφνε βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Διομήδης Τευθρανίδην, ὃς ἔναιεν ἐϋκτιμένῃ ἐν Ἀρίσβῃ ἀφνειὸς βιότοιο, φίλος δʼ ἦν ἀνθρώποισι. 15πάντας γὰρ φιλέεσκεν ὁδῷ ἔπι οἰκία ναίων. ἀλλά οἱ οὔ τις τῶν γε τότʼ ἤρκεσε λυγρὸν ὄλεθρον πρόσθεν ὑπαντιάσας, ἀλλʼ ἄμφω θυμὸν ἀπηύρα αὐτὸν καὶ θεράποντα Καλήσιον, ὅς ῥα τόθʼ ἵππων ἔσκεν ὑφηνίοχος· τὼ δʼ ἄμφω γαῖαν ἐδύτην.

So was the dread strife of the Trojans and Achaeans left to itself, and oft to this side and to that surged the battle over the plain, as they aimed one at the other their bronze-tipped spears between the Simoïs and the streams of Xanthus. Aias, son of Telamon, bulwark of the Achaeans was first to break a battalion of the Trojans, and to bring a light of deliverance to his comrades, for he smote a man that was chiefest among the Thracians, even Eüssorus' son Acamas, a valiant man and tall. Him he was first to smite upon the horn of his helmet with thick crest of horse-hair, and drave the spear into his forehead so that the point of bronze pierced within the bone; and darkness enfolded his eyes. And Diomedes, good at the war-cry, slew Axylus, Teuthras' son, that dwelt in well-built Arisbe, a man rich in substance, that was beloved of all men; for he dwelt in a home by the high-road and was wont to give entertainment to all. Howbeit of all these was there not one on this day to meet the foe before his face, and ward from him woeful destruction; but Diomedes robbed the twain of life, himself and his squire Calesius, that was then the driver of his car; so they two passed beneath the earth.

20Δρῆσον δʼ Εὐρύαλος καὶ Ὀφέλτιον ἐξενάριξε· βῆ δὲ μετʼ Αἴσηπον καὶ Πήδασον, οὕς ποτε νύμφη νηῒς Ἀβαρβαρέη τέκʼ ἀμύμονι Βουκολίωνι. Βουκολίων δʼ ἦν υἱὸς ἀγαυοῦ Λαομέδοντος πρεσβύτατος γενεῇ, σκότιον δέ ἑ γείνατο μήτηρ· 25ποιμαίνων δʼ ἐπʼ ὄεσσι μίγη φιλότητι καὶ εὐνῇ, ἣ δʼ ὑποκυσαμένη διδυμάονε γείνατο παῖδε. καὶ μὲν τῶν ὑπέλυσε μένος καὶ φαίδιμα γυῖα Μηκιστηϊάδης καὶ ἀπʼ ὤμων τεύχεʼ ἐσύλα. Ἀστύαλον δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπεφνε μενεπτόλεμος Πολυποίτης· 30Πιδύτην δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς Περκώσιον ἐξενάριξεν ἔγχεϊ χαλκείῳ, Τεῦκρος δʼ Ἀρετάονα δῖον. Ἀντίλοχος δʼ Ἄβληρον ἐνήρατο δουρὶ φαεινῷ Νεστορίδης, Ἔλατον δὲ ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων· ναῖε δὲ Σατνιόεντος ἐϋρρείταο παρʼ ὄχθας 35Πήδασον αἰπεινήν. Φύλακον δʼ ἕλε Λήϊτος ἥρως φεύγοντʼ· Εὐρύπυλος δὲ Μελάνθιον ἐξενάριξεν.

Then Euryalus slew Dresus and Opheltius, and went on after Aesepus and Pedasus, whom on a time the fountain-nymph Abarbarea bare to peerless Bucolion. Now Bucolion was son of lordly Laomedon, his eldest born, though the mother that bare him was unwed; he while shepherding his flocks lay with the nymph in love, and she conceived and bare twin sons. Of these did the son of Mecisteus loose the might and the glorious limbs and strip the armour from their shoulders. And Polypoetes staunch in fight slew Astyalus, and Odysseus with his spear of bronze laid low Pidytes of Percote, and Teucer goodly Aretaon. And Antilochus, son of Nestor, slew Ablerus with his bright spear, and the king of men, Agamemnon, slew Elatus that dwelt in steep Pedasus by the banks of fair-flowing Satnioeis. And the warrior Leïtus slew Phylacus, as he fled before him; and Eurypylus laid Melanthius low.

37Ἄδρηστον δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα βοὴν ἀγαθὸς Μενέλαος ζωὸν ἕλʼ· ἵππω γάρ οἱ ἀτυζομένω πεδίοιο ὄζῳ ἔνι βλαφθέντε μυρικίνῳ ἀγκύλον ἅρμα 40ἄξαντʼ ἐν πρώτῳ ῥυμῷ αὐτὼ μὲν ἐβήτην πρὸς πόλιν, ᾗ περ οἱ ἄλλοι ἀτυζόμενοι φοβέοντο, αὐτὸς δʼ ἐκ δίφροιο παρὰ τροχὸν ἐξεκυλίσθη πρηνὴς ἐν κονίῃσιν ἐπὶ στόμα· πὰρ δέ οἱ ἔστη Ἀτρεΐδης Μενέλαος ἔχων δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος. 45Ἄδρηστος δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα λαβὼν ἐλίσσετο γούνων· ζώγρει Ἀτρέος υἱέ, σὺ δʼ ἄξια δέξαι ἄποινα· πολλὰ δʼ ἐν ἀφνειοῦ πατρὸς κειμήλια κεῖται χαλκός τε χρυσός τε πολύκμητός τε σίδηρος, τῶν κέν τοι χαρίσαιτο πατὴρ ἀπερείσιʼ ἄποινα 50εἴ κεν ἐμὲ ζωὸν πεπύθοιτʼ ἐπὶ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιῶν. ὣς φάτο, τῷ δʼ ἄρα θυμὸν ἐνὶ στήθεσσιν ἔπειθε· καὶ δή μιν τάχʼ ἔμελλε θοὰς ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν δώσειν ᾧ θεράποντι καταξέμεν· ἀλλʼ Ἀγαμέμνων ἀντίος ἦλθε θέων, καὶ ὁμοκλήσας ἔπος ηὔδα· 55ὦ πέπον ὦ Μενέλαε, τί ἢ δὲ σὺ κήδεαι οὕτως ἀνδρῶν; ἦ σοὶ ἄριστα πεποίηται κατὰ οἶκον πρὸς Τρώων; τῶν μή τις ὑπεκφύγοι αἰπὺν ὄλεθρον χεῖράς θʼ ἡμετέρας, μηδʼ ὅν τινα γαστέρι μήτηρ κοῦρον ἐόντα φέροι, μηδʼ ὃς φύγοι, ἀλλʼ ἅμα πάντες 60Ἰλίου ἐξαπολοίατʼ ἀκήδεστοι καὶ ἄφαντοι.

But Adrastus did Menelaus, good at the warcry, take alive; for his two horses, coursing in terror over the plain, became entangled in a tamarisk bough, and breaking the curved car at the end of the pole, themselves went on toward the city whither the rest were fleeing in rout; but their master rolled from out the car beside the wheel headlong in the dust upon his face. And to his side came Menelaus, son of Atreus, bearing his far-shadowing spear. Then Adrastus clasped him by the knees and besought him: Take me alive, thou son of Atreus, and accept a worthy ransom; treasures full many lie stored in the palace of my wealthy father, bronze and gold and iron wrought with toil; thereof would my father grant thee ransom past counting, should he hear that I am alive at the ships of the Achaeans. So spake he, and sought to persuade the other's heart in his breast, and lo, Menelaus was about to give him to his squire to lead to the swift ships of the Achaeans, but Agamemnon came running to meet him, and spake a word of reproof, saying: Soft-hearted Menelaus, why carest thou thus for the men? Hath then so great kindness been done thee in thy house by Trojans? Of them let not one escape sheer destruction and the might of our hands, nay, not the man-child whom his mother bears in her womb; let not even him escape, but let all perish together out of Ilios, unmourned and unmarked.

61ὣς εἰπὼν ἔτρεψεν ἀδελφειοῦ φρένας ἥρως αἴσιμα παρειπών· ὃ δʼ ἀπὸ ἕθεν ὤσατο χειρὶ ἥρωʼ Ἄδρηστον· τὸν δὲ κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων οὖτα κατὰ λαπάρην· ὃ δʼ ἀνετράπετʼ, Ἀτρεΐδης δὲ 65λὰξ ἐν στήθεσι βὰς ἐξέσπασε μείλινον ἔγχος. Νέστωρ δʼ Ἀργείοισιν ἐκέκλετο μακρὸν ἀΰσας· ὦ φίλοι ἥρωες Δαναοὶ θεράποντες Ἄρηος μή τις νῦν ἐνάρων ἐπιβαλλόμενος μετόπισθε μιμνέτω ὥς κε πλεῖστα φέρων ἐπὶ νῆας ἵκηται, 70ἀλλʼ ἄνδρας κτείνωμεν· ἔπειτα δὲ καὶ τὰ ἕκηλοι νεκροὺς ἂμ πεδίον συλήσετε τεθνηῶτας. ὣς εἰπὼν ὄτρυνε μένος καὶ θυμὸν ἑκάστου. ἔνθά κεν αὖτε Τρῶες ἀρηϊφίλων ὑπʼ Ἀχαιῶν Ἴλιον εἰσανέβησαν ἀναλκείῃσι δαμέντες, 75εἰ μὴ ἄρʼ Αἰνείᾳ τε καὶ Ἕκτορι εἶπε παραστὰς Πριαμίδης Ἕλενος οἰωνοπόλων ὄχʼ ἄριστος· Αἰνεία τε καὶ Ἕκτορ, ἐπεὶ πόνος ὔμμι μάλιστα Τρώων καὶ Λυκίων ἐγκέκλιται, οὕνεκʼ ἄριστοι πᾶσαν ἐπʼ ἰθύν ἐστε μάχεσθαί τε φρονέειν τε, 80στῆτʼ αὐτοῦ, καὶ λαὸν ἐρυκάκετε πρὸ πυλάων πάντῃ ἐποιχόμενοι πρὶν αὖτʼ ἐν χερσὶ γυναικῶν φεύγοντας πεσέειν, δηΐοισι δὲ χάρμα γενέσθαι.

So spake the warrior, and turned his brother's mind, for he counselled aright; so Menelaus with his hand thrust from him the warrior Adrastus, and lord Agamemnon smote him on the flank, and he fell backward; and the son of Atreus planted his heel on his chest, and drew forth the ashen spear. Then Nestor shouted aloud, and called to the Argives: My friends, Danaan warriors, squires of Ares, let no man now abide behind in eager desire for spoil, that he may come to the ships bearing the greatest store; nay, let us slay the men; thereafter in peace shall ye strip the armour from the corpses that lie dead over the plain. So saying he aroused the strength and spirit of every man. Then would the Trojans have been driven again by the Achaeans dear to Ares up to Ilios, vanquished in their weakness, had not the son of Priam, Helenus, far the best of augurs, come up to Aeneas and Hector, and said to them: Aeneas and Hector, seeing that upon you above all others rests the war-toil of Trojans and Lycians, for that in every undertaking ye are the best both in war and in counsel, hold ye your ground, and go ye this way and that throughout the host and keep them back before the gates, or ever in flight they fling themselves in their women's arms, and be made a joy to their foemen.

83αὐτὰρ ἐπεί κε φάλαγγας ἐποτρύνητον ἁπάσας, ἡμεῖς μὲν Δαναοῖσι μαχησόμεθʼ αὖθι μένοντες, 85καὶ μάλα τειρόμενοί περ· ἀναγκαίη γὰρ ἐπείγει· Ἕκτορ ἀτὰρ σὺ πόλιν δὲ μετέρχεο, εἰπὲ δʼ ἔπειτα μητέρι σῇ καὶ ἐμῇ· ἣ δὲ ξυνάγουσα γεραιὰς νηὸν Ἀθηναίης γλαυκώπιδος ἐν πόλει ἄκρῃ οἴξασα κληῗδι θύρας ἱεροῖο δόμοιο 90πέπλον, ὅς οἱ δοκέει χαριέστατος ἠδὲ μέγιστος εἶναι ἐνὶ μεγάρῳ καί οἱ πολὺ φίλτατος αὐτῇ, θεῖναι Ἀθηναίης ἐπὶ γούνασιν ἠϋκόμοιο, καί οἱ ὑποσχέσθαι δυοκαίδεκα βοῦς ἐνὶ νηῷ ἤνις ἠκέστας ἱερευσέμεν, αἴ κʼ ἐλεήσῃ 95ἄστύ τε καὶ Τρώων ἀλόχους καὶ νήπια τέκνα, ὥς κεν Τυδέος υἱὸν ἀπόσχῃ Ἰλίου ἱρῆς ἄγριον αἰχμητὴν κρατερὸν μήστωρα φόβοιο, ὃν δὴ ἐγὼ κάρτιστον Ἀχαιῶν φημι γενέσθαι. οὐδʼ Ἀχιλῆά ποθʼ ὧδέ γʼ ἐδείδιμεν ὄρχαμον ἀνδρῶν, 100ὅν πέρ φασι θεᾶς ἐξέμμεναι· ἀλλʼ ὅδε λίην μαίνεται, οὐδέ τίς οἱ δύναται μένος ἰσοφαρίζειν. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, Ἕκτωρ δʼ οὔ τι κασιγνήτῳ ἀπίθησεν. αὐτίκα δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων σὺν τεύχεσιν ἆλτο χαμᾶζε, πάλλων δʼ ὀξέα δοῦρα κατὰ στρατὸν ᾤχετο πάντῃ 105ὀτρύνων μαχέσασθαι, ἔγειρε δὲ φύλοπιν αἰνήν. οἳ δʼ ἐλελίχθησαν καὶ ἐναντίοι ἔσταν Ἀχαιῶν· Ἀργεῖοι δʼ ὑπεχώρησαν, λῆξαν δὲ φόνοιο, φὰν δέ τινʼ ἀθανάτων ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ἀστερόεντος Τρωσὶν ἀλεξήσοντα κατελθέμεν, ὡς ἐλέλιχθεν. 110Ἕκτωρ δὲ Τρώεσσιν ἐκέκλετο μακρὸν ἀΰσας· Τρῶες ὑπέρθυμοι τηλεκλειτοί τʼ ἐπίκουροι ἀνέρες ἔστε φίλοι, μνήσασθε δὲ θούριδος ἀλκῆς, ὄφρʼ ἂν ἐγὼ βείω προτὶ Ἴλιον, ἠδὲ γέρουσιν εἴπω βουλευτῇσι καὶ ἡμετέρῃς ἀλόχοισι 115δαίμοσιν ἀρήσασθαι, ὑποσχέσθαι δʼ ἑκατόμβας. ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας ἀπέβη κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ· ἀμφὶ δέ μιν σφυρὰ τύπτε καὶ αὐχένα δέρμα κελαινὸν ἄντυξ ἣ πυμάτη θέεν ἀσπίδος ὀμφαλοέσσης.

But when ye have aroused all our battalions, we verily will abide here and fight against the Danaans, sore wearied though we be, for necessity weighs hard upon us; but do thou, Hector, go thy way to the city and speak there to her that is thy mother and mine; let her gather the aged wives to the temple of flashing-eyed Athene in the citadel, and when she has opened with the key the doors of the holy house, the robe that seemeth to her the fairest and amplest in her hall, and that is far dearest to her own self, this let her lay upon the knees of fair-haired Athene, and vow to her that she will sacrifice in her temple twelve sleek heifers that have not felt the goad, if she will have compassion on the city and the Trojan's wives and their little children; in hope she may hold back from sacred Ilios the son of Tydeus, that savage spearman, a mighty deviser of rout, who has verily, meseems, proved himself the mightiest of the Achaeans. Not even Achilles did we ever fear on this wise, that leader of men, who, they say, is born of a goddess; nay this man rageth beyond all measure, and no one can vie with him in might. So spake he, and Hector was in no wise disobedient unto his brother's word. Forthwith he leapt in his armour from his chariot to the ground, and brandishing his two sharp spears went everywhere throughout host, urging them to fight; and he roused the dread din of battle. So they rallied, and took their stand with their faces toward the Achaeans, and the Argives gave ground and ceased from slaying; and they deemed that one of the immortals had come down from starry heaven to bear aid to the Trojans, that they rallied thus. And Hector shouted aloud and called to the Trojans: Ye Trojans, high of heart, and far-famed allies, be men, my friends, and bethink you of furious valour, the while I go to Ilios and bid the elders that give counsel, and our wives to make prayer to the gods, and promise them hecatombs. So saying, Hector of the flashing helm departed, and the black hide at either end smote against his ankles and his neck, even the rim that ran about the outermost edge of his bossed shield.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.