Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 7.206–312: The duel of Hector and Ajax

Ajax advances behind his huge shield of sevenfold bull's hide and tells Hector that he will learn that the Achaeans have other champions. Hector's spear pierces the shield through six layers, and Ajax's spear pierces Hector's shield and grazes his neck. They fight on with stones until the heralds part them at nightfall, and the two champions exchange gifts, Hector giving a sword and Ajax a purple belt.

Lines 7.206–312 · 1196 words · click a number to copy its link
206ὣς ἄρʼ ἔφαν, Αἴας δὲ κορύσσετο νώροπι χαλκῷ. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ δὴ πάντα περὶ χροῒ ἕσσατο τεύχεα, σεύατʼ ἔπειθʼ οἷός τε πελώριος ἔρχεται Ἄρης, ὅς τʼ εἶσιν πόλεμον δὲ μετʼ ἀνέρας οὕς τε Κρονίων 210θυμοβόρου ἔριδος μένεϊ ξυνέηκε μάχεσθαι. τοῖος ἄρʼ Αἴας ὦρτο πελώριος ἕρκος Ἀχαιῶν μειδιόων βλοσυροῖσι προσώπασι· νέρθε δὲ ποσσὶν ἤϊε μακρὰ βιβάς, κραδάων δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος. τὸν δὲ καὶ Ἀργεῖοι μὲν ἐγήθεον εἰσορόωντες, 215Τρῶας δὲ τρόμος αἰνὸς ὑπήλυθε γυῖα ἕκαστον, Ἕκτορί τʼ αὐτῷ θυμὸς ἐνὶ στήθεσσι πάτασσεν· ἀλλʼ οὔ πως ἔτι εἶχεν ὑποτρέσαι οὐδʼ ἀναδῦναι ἂψ λαῶν ἐς ὅμιλον, ἐπεὶ προκαλέσσατο χάρμῃ. Αἴας δʼ ἐγγύθεν ἦλθε φέρων σάκος ἠΰτε πύργον 220χάλκεον ἑπταβόειον, ὅ οἱ Τυχίος κάμε τεύχων σκυτοτόμων ὄχʼ ἄριστος Ὕλῃ ἔνι οἰκία ναίων, ὅς οἱ ἐποίησεν σάκος αἰόλον ἑπταβόειον ταύρων ζατρεφέων, ἐπὶ δʼ ὄγδοον ἤλασε χαλκόν.

So they spake, and Aias arrayed him in gleaming bronze. But when he had clothed about his flesh all his armour, then sped he in such wise as huge Ares goeth forth when he enters into battle amid warriors whom the son of Cronos hath brought together to contend in the fury of soul-devouring strife. Even in such wise sprang forth huge Aias, the bulwark of the Achaeans, with a smile on his grim face; and he went with long strides of his feet beneath him, brandishing his far-shadowing spear. Then were the Argives glad as they looked upon him, but upon the Trojans crept dread trembling on the limbs of every man, and Hector's own heart beat fast within his breast. Howbeit in no wise could he any more flee or shrink back into the throng of the host, seeing he had made challenge to fight. So Aias drew near, bearing his shield that was like a city wall, a shield of bronze with sevenfold bull's-hide, the which Tychius had wrought with toil, he that was far best of workers in hide, having his home in Hyle, who had made him his flashing shield of seven hides of sturdy bulls, and thereover had wrought an eighth layer of bronze.

224τὸ πρόσθε στέρνοιο φέρων Τελαμώνιος Αἴας 225στῆ ῥα μάλʼ Ἕκτορος ἐγγύς, ἀπειλήσας δὲ προσηύδα· Ἕκτορ νῦν μὲν δὴ σάφα εἴσεαι οἰόθεν οἶος οἷοι καὶ Δαναοῖσιν ἀριστῆες μετέασι καὶ μετʼ Ἀχιλλῆα ῥηξήνορα θυμολέοντα. ἀλλʼ ὃ μὲν ἐν νήεσσι κορωνίσι ποντοπόροισι 230κεῖτʼ ἀπομηνίσας Ἀγαμέμνονι ποιμένι λαῶν· ἡμεῖς δʼ εἰμὲν τοῖοι οἳ ἂν σέθεν ἀντιάσαιμεν καὶ πολέες· ἀλλʼ ἄρχε μάχης ἠδὲ πτολέμοιο. τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε μέγας κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ· Αἶαν διογενὲς Τελαμώνιε κοίρανε λαῶν 235μή τί μευ ἠΰτε παιδὸς ἀφαυροῦ πειρήτιζε ἠὲ γυναικός, ἣ οὐκ οἶδεν πολεμήϊα ἔργα. αὐτὰρ ἐγὼν εὖ οἶδα μάχας τʼ ἀνδροκτασίας τε· οἶδʼ ἐπὶ δεξιά, οἶδʼ ἐπʼ ἀριστερὰ νωμῆσαι βῶν ἀζαλέην, τό μοι ἔστι ταλαύρινον πολεμίζειν· 240οἶδα δʼ ἐπαΐξαι μόθον ἵππων ὠκειάων· οἶδα δʼ ἐνὶ σταδίῃ δηΐῳ μέλπεσθαι Ἄρηϊ. ἀλλʼ οὐ γάρ σʼ ἐθέλω βαλέειν τοιοῦτον ἐόντα λάθρῃ ὀπιπεύσας, ἀλλʼ ἀμφαδόν, αἴ κε τύχωμι.

This Telamonian Aias bare before his breast, and he came and stood close by Hector, and spake threatening: Hector, now verily shalt thou know of a surety, man to man, what manner of chieftains there be likewise among the Danaans, even after Achilles, breaker of the ranks of men, the lion-hearted. Howbeit he abideth amid his beaked seafaring ships in utter wrath against Agamemnon, Atreus' son, shepherd of the host; yet are we such as to face thee, yea, full many of us. But begin thou war and battle. To him then made answer great Hector of the flashing helm: Aias, sprung from Zeus, thou son of Telamon, captain of the host, in no wise make thou trial of me as of some puny boy or a woman that knoweth not deeds of war. Nay, full well know I battles and slayings of men. I know well how to wield to right, and well how to wield to left my shield of seasoned hide, which I deem a sturdy thing to wield in fight; and I know how to charge into the mellay of chariots drawn by swift mares; and I know how in close fight to tread the measure of furious Ares. Yet am I not minded to smite thee, being such a one as thou art, by spying thee at unawares; but rather openly, if so be I may hit thee.

244ἦ ῥα, καὶ ἀμπεπαλὼν προΐει δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος, 245καὶ βάλεν Αἴαντος δεινὸν σάκος ἑπταβόειον ἀκρότατον κατὰ χαλκόν, ὃς ὄγδοος ἦεν ἐπʼ αὐτῷ. ἓξ δὲ διὰ πτύχας ἦλθε δαΐζων χαλκὸς ἀτειρής, ἐν τῇ δʼ ἑβδομάτῃ ῥινῷ σχέτο· δεύτερος αὖτε Αἴας διογενὴς προΐει δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος, 250καὶ βάλε Πριαμίδαο κατʼ ἀσπίδα πάντοσʼ ἐΐσην. διὰ μὲν ἀσπίδος ἦλθε φαεινῆς ὄβριμον ἔγχος, καὶ διὰ θώρηκος πολυδαιδάλου ἠρήρειστο· ἀντικρὺ δὲ παραὶ λαπάρην διάμησε χιτῶνα ἔγχος· ὃ δʼ ἐκλίνθη καὶ ἀλεύατο κῆρα μέλαιναν. 255τὼ δʼ ἐκσπασσαμένω δολίχʼ ἔγχεα χερσὶν ἅμʼ ἄμφω σύν ῥʼ ἔπεσον λείουσιν ἐοικότες ὠμοφάγοισιν ἢ συσὶ κάπροισιν, τῶν τε σθένος οὐκ ἀλαπαδνόν. Πριαμίδης μὲν ἔπειτα μέσον σάκος οὔτασε δουρί, οὐδʼ ἔρρηξεν χαλκός, ἀνεγνάμφθη δέ οἱ αἰχμή.

He spake, and poised his far-shadowing spear, and hurled it; and he smote Aias' dread shield of sevenfold bull's-hide upon the outermost bronze, the eighth layer that was thereon. Through six folds shore the stubborn bronze, but in the seventh hide it was stayed. Then in turn Zeus-born Aias hurled his far-shadowing spear, and smote upon the son of Priam's shield, that was well balanced upon every side. Through the bright shield went the mighty spear, and through the corselet, richly dight, did it force its way; and straight on beside his flank the spear shore through his tunic; but he bent aside, and escaped black fate. Then the twain both at one moment drew forth with their hands their long spears, and fell to, in semblance like ravening lions or wild boars, whose is no weakling strength.

260Αἴας δʼ ἀσπίδα νύξεν ἐπάλμενος· ἣ δὲ διαπρὸ ἤλυθεν ἐγχείη, στυφέλιξε δέ μιν μεμαῶτα, τμήδην δʼ αὐχένʼ ἐπῆλθε, μέλαν δʼ ἀνεκήκιεν αἷμα, ἀλλʼ οὐδʼ ὧς ἀπέληγε μάχης κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ, ἀλλʼ ἀναχασσάμενος λίθον εἵλετο χειρὶ παχείῃ 265κείμενον ἐν πεδίῳ μέλανα τρηχύν τε μέγαν τε· τῷ βάλεν Αἴαντος δεινὸν σάκος ἑπταβόειον μέσσον ἐπομφάλιον· περιήχησεν δʼ ἄρα χαλκός. δεύτερος αὖτʼ Αἴας πολὺ μείζονα λᾶαν ἀείρας ἧκʼ ἐπιδινήσας, ἐπέρεισε δὲ ἶνʼ ἀπέλεθρον, 270εἴσω δʼ ἀσπίδʼ ἔαξε βαλὼν μυλοειδέϊ πέτρῳ, βλάψε δέ οἱ φίλα γούναθʼ· ὃ δʼ ὕπτιος ἐξετανύσθη ἀσπίδι ἐγχριμφθείς· τὸν δʼ αἶψʼ ὤρθωσεν Ἀπόλλων. καί νύ κε δὴ ξιφέεσσʼ αὐτοσχεδὸν οὐτάζοντο, εἰ μὴ κήρυκες Διὸς ἄγγελοι ἠδὲ καὶ ἀνδρῶν 275ἦλθον, ὃ μὲν Τρώων, ὃ δʼ Ἀχαιῶν χαλκοχιτώνων, Ταλθύβιός τε καὶ Ἰδαῖος πεπνυμένω ἄμφω· μέσσῳ δʼ ἀμφοτέρων σκῆπτρα σχέθον, εἶπέ τε μῦθον κῆρυξ Ἰδαῖος πεπνυμένα μήδεα εἰδώς· μηκέτι παῖδε φίλω πολεμίζετε μηδὲ μάχεσθον· 280ἀμφοτέρω γὰρ σφῶϊ φιλεῖ νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς, ἄμφω δʼ αἰχμητά· τό γε δὴ καὶ ἴδμεν ἅπαντες.

Then the son of Priam smote full upon the shield of Aias with a thrust of his spear, howbeit the bronze brake not through, for its point was turned; but Aias leapt upon him and pierced his buckler, and clean through went the spear and made him reel in his onset; even to his neck it made its way, and gashed it, and the dark blood welled up. Yet not even so did Hector of the flashing-helm cease from fight, but giving ground he seized with stout hand a stone that lay upon the plain, black and jagged and great; therewith he smote Aias' dread shield of sevenfold bull's-hide full upon the boss; and the bronze rang about it. Then Aias in turn lifted on high a far greater stone, and swung and hurled it, putting into the cast measureless strength; and he burst the buckler inwards with the cast of the rock that was like unto a mill-stone, and beat down Hector's knees; so he stretched upon his back, gathered together under his shield; howbeit Apollo straightway raised him up. And now had they been smiting with their swords in close fight, but that the heralds, messengers of Zeus and men, came, one from the Trojans and one from the brazen-coated Achaeans, even Talthybius and Idaeus, men of prudence both. Between the two they held forth their staves, and the herald Idaeus, skilled in prudent counsel, spake, saying: Fight ye no more, dear sons, neither do battle; both ye twain are loved of Zeus, the cloud-gatherer, and both are spearmen; that verily know we all.

282νὺξ δʼ ἤδη τελέθει· ἀγαθὸν καὶ νυκτὶ πιθέσθαι. τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη Τελαμώνιος Αἴας· Ἰδαῖʼ Ἕκτορα ταῦτα κελεύετε μυθήσασθαι· 285αὐτὸς γὰρ χάρμῃ προκαλέσσατο πάντας ἀρίστους. ἀρχέτω· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ μάλα πείσομαι ᾗ περ ἂν οὗτος. τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε μέγας κορυθαίολος Ἕκτωρ· Αἶαν ἐπεί τοι δῶκε θεὸς μέγεθός τε βίην τε καὶ πινυτήν, περὶ δʼ ἔγχει Ἀχαιῶν φέρτατός ἐσσι, 290νῦν μὲν παυσώμεσθα μάχης καὶ δηϊοτῆτος σήμερον· ὕστερον αὖτε μαχησόμεθʼ εἰς ὅ κε δαίμων ἄμμε διακρίνῃ, δώῃ δʼ ἑτέροισί γε νίκην. νὺξ δʼ ἤδη τελέθει· ἀγαθὸν καὶ νυκτὶ πιθέσθαι, ὡς σύ τʼ ἐϋφρήνῃς πάντας παρὰ νηυσὶν Ἀχαιούς, 295σούς τε μάλιστα ἔτας καὶ ἑταίρους, οἵ τοι ἔασιν· αὐτὰρ ἐγὼ κατὰ ἄστυ μέγα Πριάμοιο ἄνακτος Τρῶας ἐϋφρανέω καὶ Τρῳάδας ἑλκεσιπέπλους, αἵ τέ μοι εὐχόμεναι θεῖον δύσονται ἀγῶνα. δῶρα δʼ ἄγʼ ἀλλήλοισι περικλυτὰ δώομεν ἄμφω, 300ὄφρά τις ὧδʼ εἴπῃσιν Ἀχαιῶν τε Τρώων τε· ἠμὲν ἐμαρνάσθην ἔριδος πέρι θυμοβόροιο, ἠδʼ αὖτʼ ἐν φιλότητι διέτμαγεν ἀρθμήσαντε. ὣς ἄρα φωνήσας δῶκε ξίφος ἀργυρόηλον σὺν κολεῷ τε φέρων καὶ ἐϋτμήτῳ τελαμῶνι· 305Αἴας δὲ ζωστῆρα δίδου φοίνικι φαεινόν. τὼ δὲ διακρινθέντε ὃ μὲν μετὰ λαὸν Ἀχαιῶν ἤϊʼ, ὃ δʼ ἐς Τρώων ὅμαδον κίε· τοὶ δὲ χάρησαν, ὡς εἶδον ζωόν τε καὶ ἀρτεμέα προσιόντα, Αἴαντος προφυγόντα μένος καὶ χεῖρας ἀάπτους· 310καί ῥʼ ἦγον προτὶ ἄστυ ἀελπτέοντες σόον εἶναι. Αἴαντʼ αὖθʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἐϋκνήμιδες Ἀχαιοὶ εἰς Ἀγαμέμνονα δῖον ἄγον κεχαρηότα νίκῃ.

Moreover night is now upon us, and it is well to yield obedience to night's behest. Then in answer to him spake Telamonian Aias: Idaeus, bid ye Hector speak these words, for it was he who of himself challenged to combat all our best. Let him be first and I verily will hearken even as he shall say. Then spake unto him great Hector of the flashing helm: Aias, seeing God gave thee stature and might, aye, and wisdom, and with thy spear thou art pre-eminent above all the Achaeans, let us now cease from battle and strife for this day; hereafter shall we fight again until God judge between us, and give victory to one side or the other. Howbeit night is now upon us, and it is well to yield obedience to night's behest, that thou mayest make glad all the Achaeans beside their ships, and most of all the kinsfolk and comrades that are thine; and I throughout the great city of king Priam shall make glad the Trojan men and Trojan women with trailing robes, who because of me will enter the gathering of the gods with thanksgivings. But come, let us both give each to the other glorious gifts, to the end that many a one of Achaeans and Trojans alike may thus say: ‘The twain verily fought in rivalry of soul-devouring strife, but thereafter made them a compact and were parted in friendship.’ When he had thus said, he brought and gave him his silver-studded sword with its scabbard and well-cut baldric; and Aias gave his belt bright with scarlet. So they parted, and one went his way to the host of the Achaeans and the other betook him to the throng of the Trojans. And these waxed glad when they saw Hector coming to join them alive and whole, escaped from the fury of Aias and his invincible hands; and they brought him to the city scarce deeming that he was safe. And Aias on his part was led of the well-greaved Achaeans unto goodly Agamemnon, filled with joy of his victory.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.