Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 11.1–83: Strife rouses the Achaeans; Agamemnon arms

At dawn Zeus sends Strife to the ships, and she stands on Odysseus' vessel and shouts so that every Achaean longs for war. Agamemnon puts on his armour, with the corselet that Cinyras gave him and a shield of ten circles of bronze, and Hera and Athena thunder in his honour. The charioteers line the ditch and the army follows, and Zeus sends down drops of blood from the sky.

Lines 11.1–83 · 893 words · click a number to copy its link
1Ἠὼς δʼ ἐκ λεχέων παρʼ ἀγαυοῦ Τιθωνοῖο ὄρνυθʼ, ἵνʼ ἀθανάτοισι φόως φέροι ἠδὲ βροτοῖσι· Ζεὺς δʼ Ἔριδα προΐαλλε θοὰς ἐπὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν ἀργαλέην, πολέμοιο τέρας μετὰ χερσὶν ἔχουσαν. 5στῆ δʼ ἐπʼ Ὀδυσσῆος μεγακήτεϊ νηῒ μελαίνῃ, ἥ ῥʼ ἐν μεσσάτῳ ἔσκε γεγωνέμεν ἀμφοτέρωσε, ἠμὲν ἐπʼ Αἴαντος κλισίας Τελαμωνιάδαο ἠδʼ ἐπʼ Ἀχιλλῆος, τοί ῥʼ ἔσχατα νῆας ἐΐσας εἴρυσαν ἠνορέῃ πίσυνοι καὶ κάρτεϊ χειρῶν 10ἔνθα στᾶσʼ ἤϋσε θεὰ μέγα τε δεινόν τε ὄρθιʼ, Ἀχαιοῖσιν δὲ μέγα σθένος ἔμβαλʼ ἑκάστῳ καρδίῃ ἄληκτον πολεμίζειν ἠδὲ μάχεσθαι. τοῖσι δʼ ἄφαρ πόλεμος γλυκίων γένετʼ ἠὲ νέεσθαι ἐν νηυσὶ γλαφυρῇσι φίλην ἐς πατρίδα γαῖαν. 15Ἀτρεΐδης δʼ ἐβόησεν ἰδὲ ζώννυσθαι ἄνωγεν Ἀργείους· ἐν δʼ αὐτὸς ἐδύσετο νώροπα χαλκόν. κνημῖδας μὲν πρῶτα περὶ κνήμῃσιν ἔθηκε καλὰς ἀργυρέοισιν ἐπισφυρίοις ἀραρυίας· δεύτερον αὖ θώρηκα περὶ στήθεσσιν ἔδυνε, 20τόν ποτέ οἱ Κινύρης δῶκε ξεινήϊον εἶναι.

Now Dawn rose from her couch from beside lordly Tithonus, to bring light to immortals and to mortal men; and Zeus sent forth Strife unto the swift ships of the Achaeans, dread Strife, bearing in her hands a portent of war. And she took her hand by Odysseus' black ship, huge of hull, that was in the midst so that a shout could reach to either end, both to the huts of Aias, son of Telamon, and to those of Achilles; for these had drawn up their shapely ships at the furthermost ends, trusting in their valour and the strength of their hands. There stood the goddess and uttered a great and terrible shout, a shrill cry of war, and in the heart of each man of the Achaeans she put great strength to war and to fight unceasingly. And to them forthwith war became sweeter than to return in their hollow ships to their dear native land. But the son of Atreus shouted aloud, and bade the Argives array them for battle, and himself amid them did on the gleaming bronze. The greaves first he set about his legs; beautiful they were, and fitted with silver ankle-pieces; next he did on about his chest the corselet that on a time Cinyras had given him for a guest-gift.

21πεύθετο γὰρ Κύπρον δὲ μέγα κλέος οὕνεκʼ Ἀχαιοὶ ἐς Τροίην νήεσσιν ἀναπλεύσεσθαι ἔμελλον· τοὔνεκά οἱ τὸν δῶκε χαριζόμενος βασιλῆϊ. τοῦ δʼ ἤτοι δέκα οἶμοι ἔσαν μέλανος κυάνοιο, 25δώδεκα δὲ χρυσοῖο καὶ εἴκοσι κασσιτέροιο· κυάνεοι δὲ δράκοντες ὀρωρέχατο προτὶ δειρὴν τρεῖς ἑκάτερθʼ ἴρισσιν ἐοικότες, ἅς τε Κρονίων ἐν νέφεϊ στήριξε, τέρας μερόπων ἀνθρώπων. ἀμφὶ δʼ ἄρʼ ὤμοισιν βάλετο ξίφος· ἐν δέ οἱ ἧλοι 30χρύσειοι πάμφαινον, ἀτὰρ περὶ κουλεὸν ἦεν ἀργύρεον χρυσέοισιν ἀορτήρεσσιν ἀρηρός. ἂν δʼ ἕλετʼ ἀμφιβρότην πολυδαίδαλον ἀσπίδα θοῦριν καλήν, ἣν πέρι μὲν κύκλοι δέκα χάλκεοι ἦσαν, ἐν δέ οἱ ὀμφαλοὶ ἦσαν ἐείκοσι κασσιτέροιο 35λευκοί, ἐν δὲ μέσοισιν ἔην μέλανος κυάνοιο. τῇ δʼ ἐπὶ μὲν Γοργὼ βλοσυρῶπις ἐστεφάνωτο δεινὸν δερκομένη, περὶ δὲ Δεῖμός τε Φόβος τε. τῆς δʼ ἐξ ἀργύρεος τελαμὼν ἦν· αὐτὰρ ἐπʼ αὐτοῦ κυάνεος ἐλέλικτο δράκων, κεφαλαὶ δέ οἱ ἦσαν 40τρεῖς ἀμφιστρεφέες ἑνὸς αὐχένος ἐκπεφυυῖαι.

For he heard afar in Cyprus the great rumour that the Achaeans were about to sail forth to Troy in their ships, wherefore he gave him the breastplate to do pleasure to the king. Thereon verily were ten bands of dark cyanus, and twelve of gold, and twenty of tin; and serpents of cyanus writhed up toward the neck, three on either side, like rainbows that the son of Cronos hath set in the clouds, a portent for mortal men. And about his shoulders he flung his sword, whereon gleamed studs of gold, while the scabbard about it was of silver, fitted with golden chains. And he took up his richly dight, valorous shield, that sheltered a man on both sides, a fair shield, and round about it were ten circles of bronze, and upon it twenty bosses of tin, gleaming white, and in the midst of them was one of dark cyanus. And thereon was set as a crown the Gorgon, grim of aspect, glaring terribly, and about her were Terror and Rout. From the shield was hung a baldric of silver, and thereon writhed a serpent of cyanus, that had three heads turned this way and that, growing forth from one neck.

41κρατὶ δʼ ἐπʼ ἀμφίφαλον κυνέην θέτο τετραφάληρον ἵππουριν· δεινὸν δὲ λόφος καθύπερθεν ἔνευεν. εἵλετο δʼ ἄλκιμα δοῦρε δύω κεκορυθμένα χαλκῷ ὀξέα· τῆλε δὲ χαλκὸς ἀπʼ αὐτόφιν οὐρανὸν εἴσω 45λάμπʼ· ἐπὶ δʼ ἐγδούπησαν Ἀθηναίη τε καὶ Ἥρη τιμῶσαι βασιλῆα πολυχρύσοιο Μυκήνης. ἡνιόχῳ μὲν ἔπειτα ἑῷ ἐπέτελλεν ἕκαστος ἵππους εὖ κατὰ κόσμον ἐρυκέμεν αὖθʼ ἐπὶ τάφρῳ, αὐτοὶ δὲ πρυλέες σὺν τεύχεσι θωρηχθέντες 50ῥώοντʼ· ἄσβεστος δὲ βοὴ γένετʼ ἠῶθι πρό. φθὰν δὲ μέγʼ ἱππήων ἐπὶ τάφρῳ κοσμηθέντες, ἱππῆες δʼ ὀλίγον μετεκίαθον· ἐν δὲ κυδοιμὸν ὦρσε κακὸν Κρονίδης, κατὰ δʼ ὑψόθεν ἧκεν ἐέρσας αἵματι μυδαλέας ἐξ αἰθέρος, οὕνεκʼ ἔμελλε 55πολλὰς ἰφθίμους κεφαλὰς Ἄϊδι προϊάψειν. Τρῶες δʼ αὖθʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἐπὶ θρωσμῷ πεδίοιο Ἕκτορά τʼ ἀμφὶ μέγαν καὶ ἀμύμονα Πουλυδάμαντα Αἰνείαν θʼ, ὃς Τρωσὶ θεὸς ὣς τίετο δήμῳ, τρεῖς τʼ Ἀντηνορίδας Πόλυβον καὶ Ἀγήνορα δῖον 60ἠΐθεόν τʼ Ἀκάμαντʼ ἐπιείκελον ἀθανάτοισιν.

And upon his head he set his helmet with two horns and with bosses four, with horsehair crest, and terribly did the plume nod from above. And he took two mighty spears, tipped with bronze; keen they were, and far from him into heaven shone the bronze; and thereat Athene and Hera thundered, doing honour to the king of Mycenae, rich in gold. Then on his own charioteer each man laid command to hold in his horses well and orderly there at the trench, but themselves on foot, arrayed in their armour, ranged swiftly forward, and a cry unquenchable rose up before the face of Dawn. Long in advance of the charioteers were they arrayed at the trench, but after them a little space followed the charioteers. And among them the son of Cronos roused an evil din, and down from on high from out of heaven he sent dew-drops dank with blood, for that he was about to send forth to Hades many a valiant head. And the Trojans over against them on the rising ground of the plain mustered about great Hector and peerless Polydamas and Aeneas that was honoured of the folk of the Trojans even as a god, and the three sons of Antenor, Polybus and goodly Agenor and young Acamas, like to the immortals.

61Ἕκτωρ δʼ ἐν πρώτοισι φέρʼ ἀσπίδα πάντοσʼ ἐΐσην, οἷος δʼ ἐκ νεφέων ἀναφαίνεται οὔλιος ἀστὴρ παμφαίνων, τοτὲ δʼ αὖτις ἔδυ νέφεα σκιόεντα, ὣς Ἕκτωρ ὁτὲ μέν τε μετὰ πρώτοισι φάνεσκεν, 65ἄλλοτε δʼ ἐν πυμάτοισι κελεύων· πᾶς δʼ ἄρα χαλκῷ λάμφʼ ὥς τε στεροπὴ πατρὸς Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο. οἳ δʼ, ὥς τʼ ἀμητῆρες ἐναντίοι ἀλλήλοισιν ὄγμον ἐλαύνωσιν ἀνδρὸς μάκαρος κατʼ ἄρουραν πυρῶν ἢ κριθῶν· τὰ δὲ δράγματα ταρφέα πίπτει· 70ὣς Τρῶες καὶ Ἀχαιοὶ ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισι θορόντες δῄουν, οὐδʼ ἕτεροι μνώοντʼ ὀλοοῖο φόβοιο. ἴσας δʼ ὑσμίνη κεφαλὰς ἔχεν, οἳ δὲ λύκοι ὣς θῦνον· Ἔρις δʼ ἄρʼ ἔχαιρε πολύστονος εἰσορόωσα· οἴη γάρ ῥα θεῶν παρετύγχανε μαρναμένοισιν, 75οἳ δʼ ἄλλοι οὔ σφιν πάρεσαν θεοί, ἀλλὰ ἕκηλοι σφοῖσιν ἐνὶ μεγάροισι καθήατο, ἧχι ἑκάστῳ δώματα καλὰ τέτυκτο κατὰ πτύχας Οὐλύμποιο. πάντες δʼ ᾐτιόωντο κελαινεφέα Κρονίωνα οὕνεκʼ ἄρα Τρώεσσιν ἐβούλετο κῦδος ὀρέξαι. 80τῶν μὲν ἄρʼ οὐκ ἀλέγιζε πατήρ· ὃ δὲ νόσφι λιασθεὶς τῶν ἄλλων ἀπάνευθε καθέζετο κύδεϊ γαίων εἰσορόων Τρώων τε πόλιν καὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν χαλκοῦ τε στεροπήν, ὀλλύντάς τʼ ὀλλυμένους τε.

And Hector amid the foremost bare his shield that was well balanced upon every side. Even as from amid the clouds there gleameth a baneful star, all glittering, and again it sinketh behind the shadowy clouds, even so Hector would now appear amid the foremost and now amid the hindmost giving them commands; and all in bronze he flashed like the lightning of father Zeus that beareth the aegis. And as reapers over against each other drive their swathes in a rich man's field of wheat or barley, and the handfuls fall thick and fast; even so the Trojans and Achaeans leapt upon one another and made havoc, nor would either side take thought of ruinous flight; and equal heads had the battle, and they raged like wolves. And Strife, that is fraught with many groanings, was glad as she looked thereon; for alone of the gods she was with them in their fighting; whereas the other gods were not among them, but abode in peace in their own halls, where for each one a fair palace was builded amid the folds of Olympus. And all were blaming the son of Cronos, lord of the dark clouds, for that he willed to give glory to the Trojans. Howbeit of them the father recked not; but aloof from the others he sat apart exulting in his glory, looking upon the city of the Trojans, and the ships of the Achaeans, on the flashing of the bronze, and on the slayers and the slain.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.