Homer · Iliad Ἰλιάς

Homer, Iliad 11.163–283: Iris to Hector; Agamemnon is wounded

Zeus sends Iris to tell Hector to hold back until Agamemnon has been wounded and left the field, and then he will have power to kill until sunset. Agamemnon kills Iphidamas, and Iphidamas' brother Coon wounds him in the arm. Agamemnon kills Coon and fights on until the blood dries, and then pain seizes him like a woman in labour and he drives to the ships.

Lines 11.163–283 · 1350 words · click a number to copy its link
163Ἕκτορα δʼ ἐκ βελέων ὕπαγε Ζεὺς ἔκ τε κονίης ἔκ τʼ ἀνδροκτασίης ἔκ θʼ αἵματος ἔκ τε κυδοιμοῦ· 165Ἀτρεΐδης δʼ ἕπετο σφεδανὸν Δαναοῖσι κελεύων. οἳ δὲ παρʼ Ἴλου σῆμα παλαιοῦ Δαρδανίδαο μέσσον κὰπ πεδίον παρʼ ἐρινεὸν ἐσσεύοντο ἱέμενοι πόλιος· ὃ δὲ κεκλήγων ἕπετʼ αἰεὶ Ἀτρεΐδης, λύθρῳ δὲ παλάσσετο χεῖρας ἀάπτους. 170ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ Σκαιάς τε πύλας καὶ φηγὸν ἵκοντο, ἔνθʼ ἄρα δὴ ἵσταντο καὶ ἀλλήλους ἀνέμιμνον. οἳ δʼ ἔτι κὰμ μέσσον πεδίον φοβέοντο βόες ὥς, ἅς τε λέων ἐφόβησε μολὼν ἐν νυκτὸς ἀμολγῷ πάσας· τῇ δέ τʼ ἰῇ ἀναφαίνεται αἰπὺς ὄλεθρος· 175τῆς δʼ ἐξ αὐχένʼ ἔαξε λαβὼν κρατεροῖσιν ὀδοῦσι πρῶτον, ἔπειτα δέ θʼ αἷμα καὶ ἔγκατα πάντα λαφύσσει· ὣς τοὺς Ἀτρεΐδης ἔφεπε κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων αἰὲν ἀποκτείνων τὸν ὀπίστατον· οἳ δʼ ἐφέβοντο. πολλοὶ δὲ πρηνεῖς τε καὶ ὕπτιοι ἔκπεσον ἵππων 180Ἀτρεΐδεω ὑπὸ χερσί· περὶ πρὸ γὰρ ἔγχεϊ θῦεν.

But Hector did Zeus draw forth from the missiles and the dust, from the man-slaying and the blood and the din; but the son of Atreus followed after, calling fiercely to the Danaans. And past the tomb of ancient Ilos, son of Dardanus, over the midst of the plain, past the wild fig-tree they sped, striving to win to the city, and ever did the son of Atreus follow shouting, and with gore were his invincible hands bespattered. But when they were come to the Scaean gates and the oak-tree, there then the two hosts halted and awaited each the other. Howbeit some were still being driven in rout over the midst of the plain like kine that a lion hath scattered, coming upon them in the dead of night; all hath he scattered, but to one appeareth sheer destruction; her neck he seizeth first in his strong teeth and breaketh it and thereafter devoureth the blood and all the inward parts: even in like manner did lord Agamemnon, son of Atreus, follow hard upon the Trojans, ever slaying the hindmost, and they were driven in rout. And many fell from their chariots upon their faces or upon their backs beneath the hands of Atreus' son, for around and before him he raged with his spear.

181ἀλλʼ ὅτε δὴ τάχʼ ἔμελλεν ὑπὸ πτόλιν αἰπύ τε τεῖχος ἵξεσθαι, τότε δή ῥα πατὴρ ἀνδρῶν τε θεῶν τε Ἴδης ἐν κορυφῇσι καθέζετο πιδηέσσης οὐρανόθεν καταβάς· ἔχε δʼ ἀστεροπὴν μετὰ χερσίν. 185Ἶριν δʼ ὄτρυνε χρυσόπτερον ἀγγελέουσαν· βάσκʼ ἴθι Ἶρι ταχεῖα, τὸν Ἕκτορι μῦθον ἐνίσπες· ὄφρʼ ἂν μέν κεν ὁρᾷ Ἀγαμέμνονα ποιμένα λαῶν θύνοντʼ ἐν προμάχοισιν ἐναίροντα στίχας ἀνδρῶν, τόφρʼ ἀναχωρείτω, τὸν δʼ ἄλλον λαὸν ἀνώχθω 190μάρνασθαι δηΐοισι κατὰ κρατερὴν ὑσμίνην. αὐτὰρ ἐπεί κʼ ἢ δουρὶ τυπεὶς ἢ βλήμενος ἰῷ εἰς ἵππους ἅλεται, τότε οἱ κράτος ἐγγυαλίξω κτείνειν εἰς ὅ κε νῆας ἐϋσσέλμους ἀφίκηται δύῃ τʼ ἠέλιος καὶ ἐπὶ κνέφας ἱερὸν ἔλθῃ. 195ὣς ἔφατʼ, οὐδʼ ἀπίθησε ποδήνεμος ὠκέα Ἶρις, βῆ δὲ κατʼ Ἰδαίων ὀρέων εἰς Ἴλιον ἱρήν. εὗρʼ υἱὸν Πριάμοιο δαΐφρονος Ἕκτορα δῖον ἑσταότʼ ἔν θʼ ἵπποισι καὶ ἅρμασι κολλητοῖσιν· ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱσταμένη προσέφη πόδας ὠκέα Ἶρις· 200Ἕκτορ υἱὲ Πριάμοιο Διὶ μῆτιν ἀτάλαντε Ζεύς με πατὴρ προέηκε τεῒν τάδε μυθήσασθαι.

But when he was now about to come beneath the city and the steep wall, then, verily, the father of men and gods came down from heaven, and sate him down on the peaks of many-fountained Ida; and in his hands he held the thunder-bolt. And he sent forth golden-winged Iris to bear his message: Up go, swift Iris, and declare this word unto Hector: So long as he shall see Agamemnon, shepherd of the host, raging amid the fore-most fighters, laying waste the ranks of men, so long let him hold back, and bid the rest of the host fight with the foe in the fierce conflict. But when, either wounded by a spear-thrust or smitten by an arrow, Agamemnon shall leap upon his chariot, then will I vouchsafe strength to Hector to slay and slay until he come to the well-benched ships, and the sun sets and sacred darkness cometh on. So spake he, and wind-footed swift Iris failed not to hearken, but went down from the hills of Ida to sacred Ilios. She found the son of wise-hearted Priam, goodly Hector, standing in his jointed car; and swift-footed Iris drew nigh him and spake unto him, saying: Hector, son of Priam, peer of Zeus in counsel, Zeus the father hath sent me forth to declare to thee this message.

202ὄφρʼ ἂν μέν κεν ὁρᾷς Ἀγαμέμνονα ποιμένα λαῶν θύνοντʼ ἐν προμάχοισιν, ἐναίροντα στίχας ἀνδρῶν, τόφρʼ ὑπόεικε μάχης, τὸν δʼ ἄλλον λαὸν ἄνωχθι 205μάρνασθαι δηΐοισι κατὰ κρατερὴν ὑσμίνην. αὐτὰρ ἐπεί κʼ ἢ δουρὶ τυπεὶς ἢ βλήμενος ἰῷ εἰς ἵππους ἅλεται, τότε τοι κράτος ἐγγυαλίξει κτείνειν, εἰς ὅ κε νῆας ἐϋσσέλμους ἀφίκηαι δύῃ τʼ ἠέλιος καὶ ἐπὶ κνέφας ἱερὸν ἔλθῃ. 210ἣ μὲν ἄρʼ ὣς εἰποῦσʼ ἀπέβη πόδας ὠκέα Ἶρις, Ἕκτωρ δʼ ἐξ ὀχέων σὺν τεύχεσιν ἆλτο χαμᾶζε, πάλλων δʼ ὀξέα δοῦρα κατὰ στρατὸν ᾤχετο πάντῃ ὀτρύνων μαχέσασθαι, ἔγειρε δὲ φύλοπιν αἰνήν. οἳ δʼ ἐλελίχθησαν καὶ ἐναντίοι ἔσταν Ἀχαιῶν, 215Ἀργεῖοι δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἐκαρτύναντο φάλαγγας. ἀρτύνθη δὲ μάχη, στὰν δʼ ἀντίοι· ἐν δʼ Ἀγαμέμνων πρῶτος ὄρουσʼ, ἔθελεν δὲ πολὺ προμάχεσθαι ἁπάντων. ἔσπετε νῦν μοι Μοῦσαι Ὀλύμπια δώματʼ ἔχουσαι ὅς τις δὴ πρῶτος Ἀγαμέμνονος ἀντίον ἦλθεν 220ἢ αὐτῶν Τρώων ἠὲ κλειτῶν ἐπικούρων.

So long as thou shalt see Agamemnon, shepherd of the host, raging amid the foremost fighters, laying waste the ranks of men, so long do thou give place from battle, but bid the rest of the host fight with the foe in the fierce conflict. But when either wounded by a spear-thrust or smitten with an arrow Agamemnon shall leap upon his chariot, then will Zeus vouchsafe strength to thee to slay and slay until thou come to the well-benched ships, and the sun sets and sacred darkness cometh on. When she had thus spoken swift-footed Iris departed; and Hector leapt in his armour from his chariot to the ground, and brandishing his two sharp spears went everywhere throughout the host, urging them to fight, and roused the dread din of battle. So they rallied, and took their stand with their faces toward the Achaeans, and the Argives over against them made strong their battalions. And the battle was set in array, and they stood over against each other, and among them Agamemnon rushed forth the first, and was minded to fight far in advance of all. Tell me now, ye Muses, that have dwellings on Olympus, who it was that first came to face Agamemnon, either of the Trojans themselves or of their famed allies.

221Ἰφιδάμας Ἀντηνορίδης ἠΰς τε μέγας τε ὃς τράφη ἐν Θρῄκῃ ἐριβώλακι μητέρι μήλων· Κισσῆς τόν γʼ ἔθρεψε δόμοις ἔνι τυτθὸν ἐόντα μητροπάτωρ, ὃς τίκτε Θεανὼ καλλιπάρῃον· 225αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἥβης ἐρικυδέος ἵκετο μέτρον, αὐτοῦ μιν κατέρυκε, δίδου δʼ ὅ γε θυγατέρα ἥν· γήμας δʼ ἐκ θαλάμοιο μετὰ κλέος ἵκετʼ Ἀχαιῶν σὺν δυοκαίδεκα νηυσὶ κορωνίσιν, αἵ οἱ ἕποντο. τὰς μὲν ἔπειτʼ ἐν Περκώτῃ λίπε νῆας ἐΐσας, 230αὐτὰρ ὃ πεζὸς ἐὼν ἐς Ἴλιον εἰληλούθει· ὅς ῥα τότʼ Ἀτρεΐδεω Ἀγαμέμνονος ἀντίον ἦλθεν. οἳ δʼ ὅτε δὴ σχεδὸν ἦσαν ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισιν ἰόντες, Ἀτρεΐδης μὲν ἅμαρτε, παραὶ δέ οἱ ἐτράπετʼ ἔγχος, Ἰφιδάμας δὲ κατὰ ζώνην θώρηκος ἔνερθε 235νύξʼ, ἐπὶ δʼ αὐτὸς ἔρεισε βαρείῃ χειρὶ πιθήσας· οὐδʼ ἔτορε ζωστῆρα παναίολον, ἀλλὰ πολὺ πρὶν ἀργύρῳ ἀντομένη μόλιβος ὣς ἐτράπετʼ αἰχμή. καὶ τό γε χειρὶ λαβὼν εὐρὺ κρείων Ἀγαμέμνων ἕλκʼ ἐπὶ οἷ μεμαὼς ὥς τε λίς, ἐκ δʼ ἄρα χειρὸς 240σπάσσατο· τὸν δʼ ἄορι πλῆξʼ αὐχένα, λῦσε δὲ γυῖα.

It was Iphidamas, son of Antenor, a valiant man and tall, that was nurtured in deep-soiled Thrace, mother of flocks, and Cisseus reared him in his house while he was yet but a little child, even his mother's father, that begat fair-cheeked Theano. But when he came to the measure of glorious youth he sought to keep him there, and offered him his own daughter; howbeit, a bridegroom newly wed, forth from his bridal chamber he went after the rumour of the coming of the Achaeans, with twelve beaked ships that followed him. Now these he had left at Percote, the shapely ships, but himself had come by land to Ilios; he it was that now came to face Agamemnon, son of Atreus. And when they were come near as they advanced one against the other, the son of Atreus missed, and his spear was turned aside, but Iphidamas stabbed him on the girdle beneath the corselet, and put his weight into the thrust, trusting in his heavy hand; howbeit he pierced not the flashing girdle, for long ere that the spear-point struck the silver, and was bent like lead. Then wide-ruling Agamamnon seized the spear in his hand and drew it toward him furiously like a lion, and pulled it from the hand of Iphidamas, and smote him on the neck with his sword and loosed his limbs.

241ὣς ὃ μὲν αὖθι πεσὼν κοιμήσατο χάλκεον ὕπνον οἰκτρὸς ἀπὸ μνηστῆς ἀλόχου, ἀστοῖσιν ἀρήγων, κουριδίης, ἧς οὔ τι χάριν ἴδε, πολλὰ δʼ ἔδωκε· πρῶθʼ ἑκατὸν βοῦς δῶκεν, ἔπειτα δὲ χίλιʼ ὑπέστη 245αἶγας ὁμοῦ καὶ ὄϊς, τά οἱ ἄσπετα ποιμαίνοντο. δὴ τότε γʼ Ἀτρεΐδης Ἀγαμέμνων ἐξενάριξε, βῆ δὲ φέρων ἀνʼ ὅμιλον Ἀχαιῶν τεύχεα καλά. τὸν δʼ ὡς οὖν ἐνόησε Κόων ἀριδείκετος ἀνδρῶν πρεσβυγενὴς Ἀντηνορίδης, κρατερόν ῥά ἑ πένθος 250ὀφθαλμοὺς ἐκάλυψε κασιγνήτοιο πεσόντος. στῆ δʼ εὐρὰξ σὺν δουρὶ λαθὼν Ἀγαμέμνονα δῖον, νύξε δέ μιν κατὰ χεῖρα μέσην ἀγκῶνος ἔνερθε, ἀντικρὺ δὲ διέσχε φαεινοῦ δουρὸς ἀκωκή. ῥίγησέν τʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγαμέμνων· 255ἀλλʼ οὐδʼ ὧς ἀπέληγε μάχης ἠδὲ πτολέμοιο, ἀλλʼ ἐπόρουσε Κόωνι ἔχων ἀνεμοτρεφὲς ἔγχος. ἤτοι ὃ Ἰφιδάμαντα κασίγνητον καὶ ὄπατρον ἕλκε ποδὸς μεμαώς, καὶ ἀΰτει πάντας ἀρίστους· τὸν δʼ ἕλκοντʼ ἀνʼ ὅμιλον ὑπʼ ἀσπίδος ὀμφαλοέσσης 260οὔτησε ξυστῷ χαλκήρεϊ, λῦσε δὲ γυῖα· τοῖο δʼ ἐπʼ Ἰφιδάμαντι κάρη ἀπέκοψε παραστάς.

So there he fell, and slept a sleep of bronze, unhappy youth, far from his wedded wife, bearing aid to his townsfolk—far from the bride of whom he had known no joy, yet much had he given for her; first he gave an hundred kine, and thereafter promised a thousand, goats and sheep together, which were herded for him in flocks past counting. Then did Agamemnon, son of Atreus, strip him and went through the throng of the Achaeans bearing his goodly armour. But when Coön, pre-eminent among warriors, eldest son of Antenor, marked him, strong grief enfolded his eyes for his brother's fall, and he took his stand on one side with his spear, unseen of goodly Agamemnon, and stabbed him full upon the arm below the elbow, and clean through went the point of the shining spear. Thereat shuddered Agamemnon king of men, yet even so he ceased not from battle and war, but, wind-nurtured spear in hand, leapt upon Coön. Now he was eagerly drawing by the foot Iphidamas, his own brother, begotten of the one father, and was calling upon all the bravest, but even as he dragged him through the throng Agamemnon smote him with a thrust of his bronze-shod spear beneath his bossed shield, and loosed his limbs; and he drew near and struck off his head over Iphidamas.

262ἔνθʼ Ἀντήνορος υἷες ὑπʼ Ἀτρεΐδῃ βασιλῆϊ πότμον ἀναπλήσαντες ἔδυν δόμον Ἄϊδος εἴσω. αὐτὰρ ὃ τῶν ἄλλων ἐπεπωλεῖτο στίχας ἀνδρῶν 265ἔγχεΐ τʼ ἄορί τε μεγάλοισί τε χερμαδίοισιν, ὄφρά οἱ αἷμʼ ἔτι θερμὸν ἀνήνοθεν ἐξ ὠτειλῆς. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ τὸ μὲν ἕλκος ἐτέρσετο, παύσατο δʼ αἷμα, ὀξεῖαι δʼ ὀδύναι δῦνον μένος Ἀτρεΐδαο. ὡς δʼ ὅτʼ ἂν ὠδίνουσαν ἔχῃ βέλος ὀξὺ γυναῖκα 270δριμύ, τό τε προϊεῖσι μογοστόκοι Εἰλείθυιαι Ἥρης θυγατέρες πικρὰς ὠδῖνας ἔχουσαι, ὣς ὀξεῖʼ ὀδύναι δῦνον μένος Ἀτρεΐδαο. ἐς δίφρον δʼ ἀνόρουσε, καὶ ἡνιόχῳ ἐπέτελλε νηυσὶν ἔπι γλαφυρῇσιν ἐλαυνέμεν· ἤχθετο γὰρ κῆρ. 275ἤϋσεν δὲ διαπρύσιον Δαναοῖσι γεγωνώς· ὦ φίλοι Ἀργείων ἡγήτορες ἠδὲ μέδοντες ὑμεῖς μὲν νῦν νηυσὶν ἀμύνετε ποντοπόροισι φύλοπιν ἀργαλέην, ἐπεὶ οὐκ ἐμὲ μητίετα Ζεὺς εἴασε Τρώεσσι πανημέριον πολεμίζειν. 280ὣς ἔφαθʼ, ἡνίοχος δʼ ἵμασεν καλλίτριχας ἵππους νῆας ἔπι γλαφυράς· τὼ δʼ οὐκ ἀέκοντε πετέσθην· ἄφρεον δὲ στήθεα, ῥαίνοντο δὲ νέρθε κονίῃ τειρόμενον βασιλῆα μάχης ἀπάνευθε φέροντες.

There then the sons of Antenor beneath the hands of the king, the son of Atreus, fulfilled the measure of their fate, and went down to the house of Hades. But Agamemnon ranged along the ranks of the other warriors with spear and sword and great stones, so long as the blood welled yet warm from his wound. But when the wound waxed dry, and the blood ceased to flow, then sharp pains came upon the mighty son of Atreus. And even as when the sharp dart striketh a woman in travail, the piercing dart that the Eilithyiae, the goddesses of childbirth, send—even the daughters of Hera that have in their keeping bitter pangs; even so sharp pains came upon the mighty son of Atreus. Then he leapt upon his chariot and bade his charioteer drive to the hollow ships, for he was sore pained at heart. And he uttered a piercing shout, and called to the Danaans: My friends, leaders and rulers of the Argives, do ye now ward from the seafaring ships the grievous din of battle, for Zeus the counsellor suffereth me not to war the whole day through against the Trojans. So spake he, and the charioteer lashed the fair-maned horses towards the hollow ships, and nothing loath the pair sped onward. With foam were their breasts flecked, and with dust their bellies stained beneath them as they bore the wounded king forth from the battle.

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English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1924). Original text: David B. Monro and Thomas W. Allen (eds.), Homeri Opera, Oxford Classical Texts, 3rd ed., vols. 1-2, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1908-1920 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus); English: Augustus Taber Murray, Homer, The Iliad, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1924-1925.

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.