Homer · Odyssey Ὀδύσσεια

Homer, Odyssey 24.412–548: The kinsmen of the suitors; peace restored

Rumour carries the news of the slaughter through the city, and the kinsmen of the suitors take up their bodies and gather in the market-place, where Eupeithes, the father of Antinous, calls for revenge. Odysseus and his men arm and go out to meet them. Laertes kills Eupeithes with a spear, and Athena, in the likeness of Mentor, calls off the fighting, and a covenant is made between the two sides.

Lines 24.412–548 · 1496 words · click a number to copy its link
412ὣς οἱ μὲν περὶ δεῖπνον ἐνὶ μεγάροισι πένοντο· Ὄσσα δʼ ἄρʼ ἄγγελος ὦκα κατὰ πτόλιν ᾤχετο πάντη, μνηστήρων στυγερὸν θάνατον καὶ κῆρʼ ἐνέπουσα. 415οἱ δʼ ἄρʼ ὁμῶς ἀΐοντες ἐφοίτων ἄλλοθεν ἄλλος μυχμῷ τε στοναχῇ τε δόμων προπάροιθʼ Ὀδυσῆος, ἐκ δὲ νέκυς οἴκων φόρεον καὶ θάπτον ἕκαστοι, τοὺς δʼ ἐξ ἀλλάων πολίων οἶκόνδε ἕκαστον πέμπον ἄγειν ἁλιεῦσι θοῇς ἐπὶ νηυσὶ τιθέντες· 420αὐτοὶ δʼ εἰς ἀγορὴν κίον ἀθρόοι, ἀχνύμενοι κῆρ. αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἤγερθεν ὁμηγερέες τʼ ἐγένοντο, τοῖσιν δʼ Εὐπείθης ἀνά θʼ ἵστατο καὶ μετέειπε· παιδὸς γάρ οἱ ἄλαστον ἐνὶ φρεσὶ πένθος ἔκειτο, Ἀντινόου, τὸν πρῶτον ἐνήρατο δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς· 425τοῦ ὅ γε δάκρυ χέων ἀγορήσατο καὶ μετέειπεν· ὦ φίλοι, ἦ μέγα ἔργον ἀνὴρ ὅδʼ ἐμήσατʼ Ἀχαιούς· τοὺς μὲν σὺν νήεσσιν ἄγων πολέας τε καὶ ἐσθλοὺς ὤλεσε μὲν νῆας γλαφυράς, ἀπὸ δʼ ὤλεσε λαούς· τοὺς δʼ ἐλθὼν ἔκτεινε Κεφαλλήνων ὄχʼ ἀρίστους, 430ἀλλʼ ἄγετε, πρὶν τοῦτον ἢ ἐς Πύλον ὦκα ἱκέσθαι ἢ καὶ ἐς Ἤλιδα δῖαν, ὅθι κρατέουσιν Ἐπειοί, ἴομεν· ἦ καὶ ἔπειτα κατηφέες ἐσσόμεθʼ αἰεί· λώβη γὰρ τάδε γʼ ἐστὶ καὶ ἐσσομένοισι πυθέσθαι, εἰ δὴ μὴ παίδων τε κασιγνήτων τε φονῆας 435τισόμεθʼ. οὐκ ἂν ἐμοί γε μετὰ φρεσὶν ἡδὺ γένοιτο ζωέμεν, ἀλλὰ τάχιστα θανὼν φθιμένοισι μετείην.

So they were busied with their meal in the halls; but meanwhile Rumor, the messenger, went swiftly throughout all the city, telling of the terrible death and fate of the wooers. And the people heard it all at once, and gathered from every side with moanings and wailings before the palace of Odysseus. Forth from the halls they brought each his dead, and buried them; and those from other cities they sent each to his own home, placing them on swift ships for seamen to bear them, but they themselves went together to the place of assembly, sad at heart. Now when they were assembled and met together Eupeithes arose and spoke among them, for comfortless grief for his son lay heavy on his heart, even for Antinous, the first man whom goodly Odysseus had slain. Weeping for him he addressed their assembly and said: “Friends, a monstrous deed has this man of a truth devised against the Achaeans. Some he led forth in his ships, many men and goodly, and he has lost his hollow ships and utterly lost his men; and others again has he slain on his return, and these by far the best of the Cephallenians. Nay then, come, before the fellow goes swiftly to Pylos or to goodly Elis, where the Epeans hold sway, let us go forth; verily even in days to come shall we be disgraced forever. For a shame is this even for men that are yet to be to hear of, if we shall not take vengeance on the slayers of our sons and our brothers. To me surely life would then no more be sweet; rather would I die at once and be among the dead.

437ἀλλʼ ἴομεν, μὴ φθέωσι περαιωθέντες ἐκεῖνοι. ὣς φάτο δάκρυ χέων, οἶκτος δʼ ἕλε πάντας Ἀχαιούς. ἀγχίμολον δέ σφʼ ἦλθε Μέδων καὶ θεῖος ἀοιδὸς 440ἐκ μεγάρων Ὀδυσῆος, ἐπεί σφεας ὕπνος ἀνῆκεν, ἔσταν δʼ ἐν μέσσοισι· τάφος δʼ ἕλεν ἄνδρα ἕκαστον. τοῖσι δὲ καὶ μετέειπε Μέδων πεπνυμένα εἰδώς· κέκλυτε δὴ νῦν μευ, Ἰθακήσιοι· οὐ γὰρ Ὀδυσσεὺς ἀθανάτων ἀέκητι θεῶν τάδʼ ἐμήσατο ἔργα· 445αὐτὸς ἐγὼν εἶδον θεὸν ἄμβροτον, ὅς ῥʼ Ὀδυσῆϊ ἐγγύθεν ἑστήκει καὶ Μέντορι πάντα ἐῴκει. ἀθάνατος δὲ θεὸς τοτὲ μὲν προπάροιθʼ Ὀδυσῆος φαίνετο θαρσύνων, τοτὲ δὲ μνηστῆρας ὀρίνων θῦνε κατὰ μέγαρον· τοὶ δʼ ἀγχιστῖνοι ἔπιπτον. 450ὣς φάτο, τοὺς δʼ ἄρα πάντας ὑπὸ χλωρὸν δέος ᾕρει. τοῖσι δὲ καὶ μετέειπε γέρων ἥρως Ἁλιθέρσης Μαστορίδης· ὁ γὰρ οἶος ὅρα πρόσσω καὶ ὀπίσσω· ὅ σφιν ἐϋφρονέων ἀγορήσατο καὶ μετέειπε· κέκλυτε δὴ νῦν μευ, Ἰθακήσιοι, ὅττι κεν εἴπω· 455ὑμετέρῃ κακότητι, φίλοι, τάδε ἔργα γένοντο· οὐ γὰρ ἐμοὶ πείθεσθʼ, οὐ Μέντορι ποιμένι λαῶν, ὑμετέρους παῖδας καταπαυέμεν ἀφροσυνάων, οἳ μέγα ἔργον ἔρεξαν ἀτασθαλίῃσι κακῇσι, κτήματα κείροντες καὶ ἀτιμάζοντες ἄκοιτιν 460ἀνδρὸς ἀριστῆος· τὸν δʼ οὐκέτι φάντο νέεσθαι.

Nay, let us forth, lest they be too quick for us, and cross over the sea.” So he spoke, weeping, and pity laid hold of all the Achaeans. Then near them came Medon and the divine minstrel from the halls of Odysseus, for sleep had released them; and they took their stand in the midst, and wonder seized every man. Then Medon, wise of heart, spoke among them: “Hearken now to me, men of Ithaca, for verily not without the will of the immortal gods has Odysseus devised these deeds. Nay, I myself saw an immortal god, who stood close beside Odysseus, and seemed in all things like unto Mentor. Yet as an immortal god now in front of Odysseus would he appear, heartening him, and now again would rage through the hall, scaring the wooers; and they fell thick and fast.” So he spoke, and thereat pale fear seized them all. Then among them spoke the old lord Halitherses, son of Mastor, for he alone saw before and after: he with good intent addressed their assembly, and said: “Hearken now to me, men of Ithaca, to the word that I shall say. Through your own cowardice, friends, have these deeds been brought to pass, for you would not obey me, nor Mentor, shepherd of the people, to make your sons cease from their folly. They wrought a monstrous deed in their blind and wanton wickedness, wasting the wealth and dishonoring the wife of a prince, who, they said, would never more return.

461καὶ νῦν ὧδε γένοιτο. πίθεσθέ μοι ὡς ἀγορεύω· μὴ ἴομεν, μή πού τις ἐπίσπαστον κακὸν εὕρῃ. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρʼ ἀνήϊξαν μεγάλῳ ἀλαλητῷ ἡμίσεων πλείους· τοὶ δʼ ἀθρόοι αὐτόθι μίμνον· 465οὐ γάρ σφιν ἅδε μῦθος ἐνὶ φρεσίν, ἀλλʼ Εὐπείθει πείθοντʼ· αἶψα δʼ ἔπειτʼ ἐπὶ τεύχεα ἐσσεύοντο. αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἕσσαντο περὶ χροῒ νώροπα χαλκόν, ἀθρόοι ἠγερέθοντο πρὸ ἄστεος εὐρυχόροιο. τοῖσιν δʼ Εὐπείθης ἡγήσατο νηπιέῃσι· 470φῆ δʼ ὅ γε τίσεσθαι παιδὸς φόνον, οὐδʼ ἄρʼ ἔμελλεν ἂψ ἀπονοστήσειν, ἀλλʼ αὐτοῦ πότμον ἐφέψειν. αὐτὰρ Ἀθηναίη Ζῆνα Κρονίωνα προσηύδα· ὦ πάτερ ἡμέτερε, Κρονίδη, ὕπατε κρειόντων, εἰπέ μοι εἰρομένῃ, τί νύ τοι νόος ἔνδοθι κεύθει; 475ἢ προτέρω πόλεμόν τε κακὸν καὶ φύλοπιν αἰνὴν τεύξεις, ἦ φιλότητα μετʼ ἀμφοτέροισι τίθησθα; τὴν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη νεφεληγερέτα Ζεύς· τέκνον ἐμόν, τί με ταῦτα διείρεαι ἠδὲ μεταλλᾷς; οὐ γὰρ δὴ τοῦτον μὲν ἐβούλευσας νόον αὐτή, 480ὡς ἦ τοι κείνους Ὀδυσεὺς ἀποτίσεται ἐλθών;

Now then be it thus; and do you hearken to me, as I bid. Let us not go forth, lest haply many a one shall find a bane which he has brought upon himself.” So he spoke, but they sprang up with loud cries, more than half of them, but the rest remained together in their seats; for his speech was not to their mind, but they hearkened to Eupeithes, and quickly thereafter they rushed for their arms. Then when they had clothed their bodies in gleaming bronze, they gathered together in front of the spacious city. And Eupeithes led them in his folly, for he thought to avenge the slaying of his son; yet he was himself never more to come back, but was there to meet his doom. But Athena spoke to Zeus, son of Cronos, saying: “Father of us all, thou son of Cronos, high above all lords, tell to me that ask thee what purpose thy mind now hides within thee. Wilt thou yet further bring to pass evil war and the dread din of battle, or wilt thou establish friendship betwixt the twain?” Then Zeus, the cloud-gatherer, answered her, and said: “My child, why dost thou ask and question me of this? Didst thou not thyself devise this plan, that verily Odysseus should take vengeance on these men at his coming?

481ἔρξον ὅπως ἐθέλεις· ἐρέω τέ τοι ὡς ἐπέοικεν. ἐπεὶ δὴ μνηστῆρας ἐτίσατο δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς, ὅρκια πιστὰ ταμόντες ὁ μὲν βασιλευέτω αἰεί, ἡμεῖς δʼ αὖ παίδων τε κασιγνήτων τε φόνοιο 485ἔκλησιν θέωμεν· τοὶ δʼ ἀλλήλους φιλεόντων ὡς τὸ πάρος, πλοῦτος δὲ καὶ εἰρήνη ἅλις ἔστω. ὣς εἰπὼν ὤτρυνε πάρος μεμαυῖαν Ἀθήνην, βῆ δὲ κατʼ Οὐλύμποιο καρήνων ἀΐξασα. οἱ δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν σίτοιο μελίφρονος ἐξ ἔρον ἕντο, 490τοῖς δʼ ἄρα μύθων ἦρχε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς· ἐξελθών τις ἴδοι μὴ δὴ σχεδὸν ὦσι κιόντες. ὣς ἔφατʼ· ἐκ δʼ υἱὸς Δολίου κίεν, ὡς ἐκέλευεν· στῆ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπʼ οὐδὸν ἰών, τοὺς δὲ σχεδὸν εἴσιδε πάντας· αἶψα δʼ Ὀδυσσῆα ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· 495οἵδε δὴ ἐγγὺς ἔασʼ· ἀλλʼ ὁπλιζώμεθα θᾶσσον. ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ὤρνυντο καὶ ἐν τεύχεσσι δύοντο, τέσσαρες ἀμφʼ Ὀδυσῆʼ, ἓξ δʼ υἱεῖς οἱ Δολίοιο· ἐν δʼ ἄρα Λαέρτης Δολίος τʼ ἐς τεύχεʼ ἔδυνον, καὶ πολιοί περ ἐόντες, ἀναγκαῖοι πολεμισταί.

Do as thou wilt, but I will tell thee what is fitting. Now that goodly Odysseus has taken vengeance on the wooers, let them swear a solemn oath, and let him be king all his days, and let us on our part bring about a forgetting of the slaying of their sons and brothers; and let them love one another as before, and let wealth and peace abound.” So saying, he roused Athena, who was already eager, and she went darting down from the heights of Olympus. But when they had put from them the desire of honey-hearted food, the much-enduring, goodly Odysseus was the first to speak among his company, saying: “Let one go forth and see whether they be not now drawing near.” So he spoke, and a son of Dolius went forth, as he bade; he went and stood upon the threshold, and saw them all close at hand, and straightway he spoke to Odysseus winged words: “Here they are close at hand. Quick, let us arm.” So he spoke, and they rose up and arrayed themselves in armour: Odysseus and his men were four, and six the sons of Dolius, and among them Laertes and Dolius donned their armour, grey-headed though they were, warriors perforce.

500αὐτὰρ ἐπεί ῥʼ ἕσσαντο περὶ χροῒ νώροπα χαλκόν, ὤϊξάν ῥα θύρας, ἐκ δʼ ἤϊον, ἦρχε δʼ Ὀδυσσεύς. τοῖσι δʼ ἐπʼ ἀγχίμολον θυγάτηρ Διὸς ἦλθεν Ἀθήνη Μέντορι εἰδομένη ἠμὲν δέμας ἠδὲ καὶ αὐδήν. τὴν μὲν ἰδὼν γήθησε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς· 505αἶψα δὲ Τηλέμαχον προσεφώνεεν ὃν φίλον υἱόν· Τηλέμαχʼ, ἤδη μὲν τόδε γʼ εἴσεαι αὐτὸς ἐπελθών, ἀνδρῶν μαρναμένων ἵνα τε κρίνονται ἄριστοι, μή τι καταισχύνειν πατέρων γένος, οἳ τὸ πάρος περ ἀλκῇ τʼ ἠνορέῃ τε κεκάσμεθα πᾶσαν ἐπʼ αἶαν. 510τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα· ὄψεαι, αἴ κʼ ἐθέλῃσθα, πάτερ φίλε, τῷδʼ ἐπὶ θυμῷ οὔ τι καταισχύνοντα τεὸν γένος, ὡς ἀγορεύεις. ὣς φάτο, Λαέρτης δʼ ἐχάρη καὶ μῦθον ἔειπε· τίς νύ μοι ἡμέρη ἥδε, θεοὶ φίλοι; ἦ μάλα χαίρω· 515υἱός θʼ υἱωνός τʼ ἀρετῆς πέρι δῆριν ἔχουσιν. τὸν δὲ παρισταμένη προσέφη γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη· ὦ Ἀρκεισιάδη, πάντων πολὺ φίλταθʼ ἑταίρων, εὐξάμενος κούρῃ γλαυκώπιδι καὶ Διὶ πατρί, αἶψα μαλʼ ἀμπεπαλὼν προΐει δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος.

But when they had clothed their bodies in gleaming bronze, they opened the doors and went forth, and Odysseus led them. Then Athena, daughter of Zeus, drew near them in the likeness of Mentor both in form and in voice, and the much-enduring, goodly Odysseus was glad at sight of her, and straightway spoke to Telemachus, his dear son: “Telemachus, now shalt thou learn this—having thyself come to the place of battle, where the best warriors are put to the trial—to bring no disgrace upon the house of thy fathers, for we have ever excelled in strength and in valor over all the earth.” And wise Telemachus answered him: “Thou shalt see me, if thou wilt, dear father, in my present temper, bringing no disgrace upon thy house, even as thou sayest.” So said he, and Laertes was glad, and spoke, saying: “What a day is this for me, kind gods! Verily right glad am I: my son and my son's son are vying with one another in valor.” Then flashing-eyed Athena came near him and said: “Son of Arceisius, far the dearest of all my friends, make a prayer to the flashing-eyed maiden and to father Zeus, and then straightway raise aloft thy long spear, and hurl it.”

520ὣς φάτο, καί ῥʼ ἔμπνευσε μένος μέγα Παλλὰς Ἀθήνη εὐξάμενος δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα Διὸς κούρῃ μεγάλοιο, αἶψα μάλʼ ἀμπεπαλὼν προΐει δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος, καὶ βάλεν Εὐπείθεα κόρυθος διὰ χαλκοπαρῄου. ἡ δʼ οὐκ ἔγχος ἔρυτο, διαπρὸ δὲ εἴσατο χαλκός, 525δούπησεν δὲ πεσών, ἀράβησε δὲ τεύχεʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ. ἐν δʼ ἔπεσον προμάχοις Ὀδυσεὺς καὶ φαίδιμος υἱός, τύπτον δὲ ξίφεσίν τε καὶ ἔγχεσιν ἀμφιγύοισι. καί νύ κε δὴ πάντας ὄλεσαν καὶ ἔθηκαν ἀνόστους, εἰ μὴ Ἀθηναίη, κούρη Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο, 530ἤϋσεν φωνῇ, κατὰ δʼ ἔσχεθε λαὸν ἅπαντα. ἴσχεσθε πτολέμου, Ἰθακήσιοι, ἀργαλέοιο, ὥς κεν ἀναιμωτί γε διακρινθῆτε τάχιστα. ὣς φάτʼ Ἀθηναίη, τοὺς δὲ χλωρὸν δέος εἷλεν· τῶν δʼ ἄρα δεισάντων ἐκ χειρῶν ἔπτατο τεύχεα, 535πάντα δʼ ἐπὶ χθονὶ πῖπτε, θεᾶς ὄπα φωνησάσης· πρὸς δὲ πόλιν τρωπῶντο λιλαιόμενοι βιότοιο. σμερδαλέον δʼ ἐβόησε πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς, οἴμησεν δὲ ἀλεὶς ὥς τʼ αἰετὸς ὑψιπετήεις. καὶ τότε δὴ Κρονίδης ἀφίει ψολόεντα κεραυνόν, 540κὰδ δʼ ἔπεσε πρόσθε γλαυκώπιδος ὀβριμοπάτρης. δὴ τότʼ Ὀδυσσῆα προσέφη γλαυκῶπις Ἀθήνη· διογενὲς Λαερτιάδη, πολυμήχανʼ Ὀδυσσεῦ, ἴσχεο, παῦε δὲ νεῖκος ὁμοιΐου πολέμοιο, μή πως τοι Κρονίδης κεχολώσεται εὐρύοπα Ζεύς. 545ὣς φάτʼ Ἀθηναίη, ὁ δʼ ἐπείθετο, χαῖρε δὲ θυμῷ. ὅρκια δʼ αὖ κατόπισθε μετʼ ἀμφοτέροισιν ἔθηκεν Παλλὰς Ἀθηναίη, κούρη Διὸς αἰγιόχοιο, Μέντορι εἰδομένη ἠμὲν δέμας ἠδὲ καὶ αὐδήν.

So spoke Pallas Athena, and breathed into him great might. Then he prayed to the daughter of great Zeus, and straightway raised aloft his long spear, and hurled it, and smote Eupeithes through the helmet with cheek-piece of bronze. This stayed not the spear, but the bronze passed through, and he fell with a thud, and his armour clanged about him. Then on the foremost fighters fell Odysseus and his glorious son, and thrust at them with swords and double-pointed spears. And now would they have slain them all, and cut them off from returning, had not Athena, daughter of Zeus, who bears the aegis, shouted aloud, and checked all the host, saying: “Refrain, men of Ithaca, from grievous war, that with all speed you may part, and that without bloodshed.” So spoke Athena, and pale fear seized them. Then in their terror the arms flew from their hands and fell one and all to the ground, as the goddess uttered her voice, and they turned toward the city, eager to save their lives. Terribly then shouted the much-enduring, goodly Odysseus, and gathering himself together he swooped upon them like an eagle of lofty flight, and at that moment the son of Cronos cast a flaming thunderbolt, and down it fell before the flashing-eyed daughter of the mighty sire. Then flashing-eyed Athena spoke to Odysseus saying: “Son of Laertes, sprung from Zeus, Odysseus of many devices, stay thy hand, and make the strife of equal war to cease, lest haply the son of Cronos be wroth with thee, even Zeus, whose voice is borne afar.” So spoke Athena, and he obeyed, and was glad at heart. Then for all time to come a solemn covenant betwixt the twain was made by Pallas Athena, daughter of Zeus, who bears the aegis, in the likeness of Mentor both in form and in voice.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1919). Original text: Augustus Taber Murray (ed.), Homer, The Odyssey, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1919, vols. 1-2 (Greek text, based on the Oxford Classical Text, and English translation, as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.