Homer · Odyssey Ὀδύσσεια

Homer, Odyssey 22.89–204: The slaying of the suitors: Amphinomus and Melanthius

Amphinomus rushes at Odysseus with his sword and is killed by Telemachus' spear, and Telemachus runs to the store-room for shields, spears and helmets. Melanthius makes two trips for arms for the suitors before Eumaeus and Philoetius catch him and bind him to a pillar.

Lines 22.89–204 · 1253 words · click a number to copy its link
89Ἀμφίνομος δʼ Ὀδυσῆος ἐείσατο κυδαλίμοιο 90ἀντίος ἀΐξας, εἴρυτο δὲ φάσγανον ὀξύ, εἴ πώς οἱ εἴξειε θυράων. ἀλλʼ ἄρα μιν φθῆ Τηλέμαχος κατόπισθε βαλὼν χαλκήρεϊ δουρὶ ὤμων μεσσηγύς, διὰ δὲ στήθεσφιν ἔλασσεν· δούπησεν δὲ πεσών, χθόνα δʼ ἤλασε παντὶ μετώπῳ. 95Τηλέμαχος δʼ ἀπόρουσε, λιπὼν δολιχόσκιον ἔγχος αὐτοῦ ἐν Ἀμφινόμῳ· περὶ γὰρ δίε μή τις Ἀχαιῶν ἔγχος ἀνελκόμενον δολιχόσκιον ἢ ἐλάσειε φασγάνῳ ἀΐξας ἠὲ προπρηνέα τύψας. βῆ δὲ θέειν, μάλα δʼ ὦκα φίλον πατέρʼ εἰσαφίκανεν, 100ἀγχοῦ δʼ ἱστάμενος ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· ὦ πάτερ, ἤδη τοι σάκος οἴσω καὶ δύο δοῦρε καὶ κυνέην πάγχαλκον, ἐπὶ κροτάφοις ἀραρυῖαν αὐτός τʼ ἀμφιβαλεῦμαι ἰών, δώσω δὲ συβώτῃ καὶ τῷ βουκόλῳ ἄλλα· τετευχῆσθαι γὰρ ἄμεινον. 105τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς· οἶσε θέων, ἧός μοι ἀμύνεσθαι πάρʼ ὀϊστοί, μή μʼ ἀποκινήσωσι θυράων μοῦνον ἐόντα.

Then Amphinomus made at glorious Odysseus, rushing straight upon him, and had drawn his sharp sword, in hope that Odysseus might give way before him from the door. But Telemachus was too quick for him, and cast, and smote him from behind with his bronze-tipped spear between the shoulders, and drove it through his breast; and he fell with a thud, and struck the ground full with his forehead. But Telemachus sprang back, leaving the long spear where it was, fixed in Amphinomus, for he greatly feared lest, as he sought to draw forth the long spear, one of the Achaeans might rush upon him and stab with his sword, or deal him a blow as he stooped over the corpse. So he started to run, and came quickly to his dear father, and standing by his side spoke to him winged words: “Father, now will I bring thee a shield and two spears and a helmet all of bronze, well fitted to the temples, and when I come back I will arm myself, and will give armour likewise to the swineherd and yon neatherd; for it is better to be clothed in armour.” Then Odysseus of many wiles answered him and said: “Run, and bring them, while yet I have arrows to defend me, lest they thrust me from the door, alone as I am.”

108ὣς φάτο, Τηλέμαχος δὲ φίλῳ ἐπεπείθετο πατρί, βῆ δʼ ἴμεναι θάλαμόνδʼ, ὅθι οἱ κλυτὰ τεύχεα κεῖτο. 110ἔνθεν τέσσαρα μὲν σάκεʼ ἔξελε, δούρατα δʼ ὀκτὼ καὶ πίσυρας κυνέας χαλκήρεας ἱπποδασείας· βῆ δὲ φέρων, μάλα δʼ ὦκα φίλον πατέρʼ εἰσαφίκανεν, αὐτὸς δὲ πρώτιστα περὶ χροῒ δύσετο χαλκόν· ὣς δʼ αὔτως τὼ δμῶε δυέσθην τεύχεα καλά, 115ἔσταν δʼ ἀμφʼ Ὀδυσῆα δαΐφρονα ποικιλομήτην. αὐτὰρ ὅ γʼ, ὄφρα μὲν αὐτῷ ἀμύνεσθαι ἔσαν ἰοί. τόφρα μνηστήρων ἕνα γʼ αἰεὶ ᾧ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ βάλλε τιτυσκόμενος· τοὶ δʼ ἀγχιστῖνοι ἔπιπτον. αὐτὰρ ἐπεὶ λίπον ἰοὶ ὀϊστεύοντα ἄνακτα, 120τόξον μὲν πρὸς σταθμὸν ἐϋσταθέος μεγάροιο ἔκλινʼ ἑστάμεναι, πρὸς ἐνώπια παμφανόωντα, αὐτὸς δʼ ἀμφʼ ὤμοισι σάκος θέτο τετραθέλυμνον, κρατὶ δʼ ἐπʼ ἰφθίμῳ κυνέην εὔτυκτον ἔθηκεν, ἵππουριν, δεινὸν δὲ λόφος καθύπερθεν ἔνευεν· 125εἵλετο δʼ ἄλκιμα δοῦρε δύω κεκορυθμένα χαλκῷ. ὀρσοθύρη δέ τις ἔσκεν ἐϋδμήτῳ ἐνὶ τοίχῳ, ἀκρότατον δὲ παρʼ οὐδὸν ἐϋσταθέος μεγάροιο ἦν ὁδὸς ἐς λαύρην, σανίδες δʼ ἔχον εὖ ἀραρυῖαι.

So he spoke, and Telemachus hearkened to his dear father, and went his way to the store-chamber where the glorious arms were stored. Thence he took four shields and eight spears and four helmets of bronze, with thick plumes of horse-hair; and he bore them forth, and quickly came to his dear father. Then first of all he himself girded the bronze about his body, and even in like manner the two slaves put on them the beautiful armour, and took their stand on either side of Odysseus, the wise and crafty-minded. But he, so long as he had arrows to defend him, would ever aim, and smite the wooers one by one in his house, and they fell thick and fast. But when the arrows failed the prince, as he shot, he leaned the bow against the door-post of the well-built hall, and let it stand against the bright entrance wall. For himself, he put about his shoulders a four-fold shield, and set on his mighty head a well-wrought helmet with horse-hair plume, and terribly did the plume wave above him; and he took two mighty spears, tipped with bronze. Now there was in the well-built wall a certain postern door, and along the topmost level of the threshold of the well-built hall was a way into a passage, and well-fitting folding doors closed it.

129τὴν δʼ Ὀδυσεὺς φράζεσθαι ἀνώγει δῖον ὑφορβὸν 130ἑσταότʼ ἄγχʼ αὐτῆς· μία δʼ οἴη γίγνετʼ ἐφορμή. τοῖς δʼ Ἀγέλεως μετέειπεν, ἔπος πάντεσσι πιφαύσκων· ὦ φίλοι, οὐκ ἂν δή τις ἀνʼ ὀρσοθύρην ἀναβαίη καὶ εἴποι λαοῖσι, βοὴ δʼ ὤκιστα γένοιτο; τῷ κε τάχʼ οὗτος ἀνὴρ νῦν ὕστατα τοξάσσαιτο. 135τὸν δʼ αὖτε προσέειπε Μελάνθιος, αἰπόλος αἰγῶν· οὔ πως ἔστʼ, Ἀγέλαε διοτρεφές· ἄγχι γὰρ αἰνῶς αὐλῆς καλὰ θύρετρα καὶ ἀργαλέον στόμα λαύρης· καί χʼ εἷς πάντας ἐρύκοι ἀνήρ, ὅς τʼ ἄλκιμος εἴη. ἀλλʼ ἄγεθʼ, ὑμῖν τεύχεʼ ἐνείκω θωρηχθῆναι 140ἐκ θαλάμου· ἔνδον γάρ, ὀΐομαι, οὐδέ πη ἄλλῃ τεύχεα κατθέσθην Ὀδυσεὺς καὶ φαίδιμος υἱός. ὣς εἰπὼν ἀνέβαινε Μελάνθιος, αἰπόλος αἰγῶν, εἰς θαλάμους Ὀδυσῆος ἀνὰ ῥῶγας μεγάροιο. ἔνθεν δώδεκα μὲν σάκεʼ ἔξελε, τόσσα δὲ δοῦρα 145καὶ τόσσας κυνέας χαλκήρεας ἱπποδασείας· βῆ δʼ ἴμεναι, μάλα δʼ ὦκα φέρων μνηστῆρσιν ἔδωκεν. καὶ τότʼ Ὀδυσσῆος λύτο γούνατα καὶ φίλον ἦτορ, ὡς περιβαλλομένους ἴδε τεύχεα χερσί τε δοῦρα μακρὰ τινάσσοντας· μέγα δʼ αὐτῷ φαίνετο ἔργον.

This postern Odysseus bade the goodly swineherd watch, taking his stand close by, for there was but a single way to reach it. Then Agelaus spoke among the wooers, and declared his word to all: “Friends, will not one mount up by the postern door, and tell the people, that so an alarm may be raised straightway? Then should this fellow soon have shot his last.” Then Melanthius, the goatherd, answered him: “It may not be, Agelaus, fostered of Zeus, for terribly near is the fair door of the court, and the mouth of the passage is hard. One man could bar the way for all, so he were valiant. But come, let me bring you from the store-room arms to don, for it is within, methinks, and nowhere else that Odysseus and his glorious son have laid the arms.” So saying, Melanthius, the goatherd, mounted up by the steps of the hall to the store-rooms of Odysseus. Thence he took twelve shields, as many spears, and as many helmets of bronze with thick plumes of horsehair, and went his way, and quickly brought and gave them to the wooers. Then the knees of Odysseus were loosened and his heart melted, when he saw them donning armour and brandishing long spears in their hands, and great did his task seem to him; but quickly he spoke to Telemachus winged words: “Telemachus, verily some one of the women in the halls is rousing against us an evil battle, or haply it is Melanthius.”

150αἶψα δὲ Τηλέμαχον ἔπεα πτερόεντα προσηύδα· Τηλέμαχʼ, ἦ μάλα δή τις ἐνὶ μεγάροισι γυναικῶν νῶϊν ἐποτρύνει πόλεμον κακὸν ἠὲ Μελανθεύς. τὸν δʼ αὖ Τηλέμαχος πεπνυμένος ἀντίον ηὔδα· ὦ πάτερ, αὐτὸς ἐγὼ τόδε γʼ ἤμβροτον—οὐδέ τις ἄλλος 155αἴτιος—ὃς θαλάμοιο θύρην πυκινῶς ἀραρυῖαν κάλλιπον ἀγκλίνας· τῶν δὲ σκοπὸς ἦεν ἀμείνων. ἀλλʼ ἴθι, δῖʼ Εὔμαιε, θύρην ἐπίθες θαλάμοιο καὶ φράσαι ἤ τις ἄρʼ ἐστὶ γυναικῶν ἣ τάδε ῥέζει, ἢ υἱὸς Δολίοιο, Μελανθεύς, τόν περ ὀΐω. 160ὣς οἱ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον, βῆ δʼ αὖτις θάλαμόνδε Μελάνθιος, αἰπόλος αἰγῶν, οἴσων τεύχεα καλά. νόησε δὲ δῖος ὑφορβός, αἶψα δʼ Ὀδυσσῆα προσεφώνεεν ἐγγὺς ἐόντα· διογενὲς Λαερτιάδη, πολυμήχανʼ Ὀδυσσεῦ, 165κεῖνος δʼ αὖτʼ ἀΐδηλος ἀνήρ, ὃν ὀϊόμεθʼ αὐτοί, ἔρχεται ἐς θάλαμον· σὺ δέ μοι νημερτὲς ἐνίσπες, ἤ μιν ἀποκτείνω, αἴ κε κρείσσων γε γένωμαι, ἦε σοὶ ἐνθάδʼ ἄγω, ἵνʼ ὑπερβασίας ἀποτίσῃ πολλάς, ὅσσας οὗτος ἐμήσατο σῷ ἐνὶ οἴκῳ.

Then wise Telemachus answered him: “Father, it is I myself that am at fault in this, and no other is to blame, for I left the close-fitting door of the store-room open: their watcher was better than I. But go now, goodly Eumaeus, close the door of the store-room, and see whether it is one of the women who does this, or Melanthius, son of Dolius, as I suspect.” Thus they spoke to one another. But Melanthius, the goatherd, went again to the store-room to bring beautiful armour; howbeit the goodly swineherd marked him, and straightway said to Odysseus who was near: “Son of Laertes, sprung from Zeus, Odysseus of many devices, yonder again is the pestilent fellow, whom we ourselves suspect, going to the store-room. But do thou tell me truly, shall I slay him, if I prove the better man, or shall I bring him hither to thee, that the fellow may pay for the many crimes that he has planned in thy house?”

170τὸν δʼ ἀπαμειβόμενος προσέφη πολύμητις Ὀδυσσεύς· ἦ τοι ἐγὼ καὶ Τηλέμαχος μνηστῆρας ἀγαυοὺς σχήσομεν ἔντοσθεν μεγάρων, μάλα περ μεμαῶτας. σφῶϊ δʼ ἀποστρέψαντε πόδας καὶ χεῖρας ὕπερθεν ἐς θάλαμον βαλέειν, σανίδας δʼ ἐκδῆσαι ὄπισθε, 175σειρὴν δὲ πλεκτὴν ἐξ αὐτοῦ πειρήναντε κίονʼ ἀνʼ ὑψηλὴν ἐρύσαι πελάσαι τε δοκοῖσιν, ὥς κεν δηθὰ ζωὸς ἐὼν χαλέπʼ ἄλγεα πάσχῃ· ὣς ἔφαθʼ, οἱ δʼ ἄρα τοῦ μάλα μὲν κλύον ἠδʼ ἐπίθοντο, βὰν δʼ ἴμεν ἐς θάλαμον, λαθέτην δέ μιν ἔνδον ἐόντα. 180ἦ τοι ὁ μὲν θαλάμοιο μυχὸν κάτα τεύχεʼ ἐρεύνα, τὼ δʼ ἔσταν ἑκάτερθε παρὰ σταθμοῖσι μένοντε. εὖθʼ ὑπὲρ οὐδὸν ἔβαινε Μελάνθιος, αἰπόλος αἰγῶν, τῇ ἑτέρῃ μὲν χειρὶ φέρων καλὴν τρυφάλειαν, τῇ δʼ ἑτέρῃ σάκος εὐρὺ γέρον, πεπαλαγμένον ἄζῃ, 185Λαέρτεω ἥρωος, ὃ κουρίζων φορέεσκε· δὴ τότε γʼ ἤδη κεῖτο, ῥαφαὶ δὲ λέλυντο ἱμάντων· τὼ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπαΐξανθʼ ἑλέτην ἔρυσάν τέ μιν εἴσω κουρίξ, ἐν δαπέδῳ δὲ χαμαὶ βάλον ἀχνύμενον κῆρ, σὺν δὲ πόδας χεῖράς τε δέον θυμαλγέϊ δεσμῷ 190εὖ μάλʼ ἀποστρέψαντε διαμπερές, ὡς ἐκέλευσεν υἱὸς Λαέρταο, πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς· σειρὴν δὲ πλεκτὴν ἐξ αὐτοῦ πειρήναντε κίονʼ ἀνʼ ὑψηλὴν ἔρυσαν πέλασάν τε δοκοῖσι. τὸν δʼ ἐπικερτομέων προσέφης, Εὔμαιε συβῶτα· 195νῦν μὲν δὴ μάλα πάγχυ, Μελάνθιε, νύκτα φυλάξεις, εὐνῇ ἔνι μαλακῇ καταλέγμενος, ὥς σε ἔοικεν· οὐδέ σέ γʼ ἠριγένεια παρʼ Ὠκεανοῖο ῥοάων λήσει ἐπερχομένη χρυσόθρονος, ἡνίκʼ ἀγινεῖς αἶγας μνηστήρεσσι δόμον κάτα δαῖτα πένεσθαι. 200ὣς ὁ μὲν αὖθι λέλειπτο, ταθεὶς ὀλοῷ ἐνὶ δεσμῷ· τὼ δʼ ἐς τεύχεα δύντε, θύρην ἐπιθέντε φαεινήν, βήτην εἰς Ὀδυσῆα δαΐφρονα, ποικιλομήτην. ἔνθα μένος πνείοντες ἐφέστασαν, οἱ μὲν ἐπʼ οὐδοῦ τέσσαρες, οἱ δʼ ἔντοσθε δόμων πολέες τε καὶ ἐσθλοί.

Then Odysseus of many wiles answered him and said: “Verily I and Telemachus will keep the lordly wooers within the hall, how fierce soever they be, but do you two bend behind him his feet and his arms above, and cast him into the store-room, and tie boards behind his back; then make fast to his body a twisted rope, and hoist him up the tall pillar, till you bring him near the roof-beams, that he may keep alive long, and suffer grievous torment.” So he spoke, and they readily hearkened and obeyed. Forth they went to the store-room, unseen of him who was within. He truly was seeking for armour in the innermost part of the store-room, and the two lay in wait, standing on either side of the door-posts. And when Melanthius, the goatherd, was about to pass over the threshold, bearing in one hand a goodly helm, and in the other a broad old shield, flecked with rust— the shield of lord Laertes, which he was wont to bear in his youth, but now it was laid by, and the seams of its straps were loosened—then the two sprang upon him and seized him. They dragged him in by the hair, and flung him down on the ground in sore terror, and bound his feet and hands with galling bonds, binding them firmly behind his back, as the son of Laertes bade them, the much enduring, goodly Odysseus; and they made fast to his body a twisted rope, and hoisted him up the tall pillar, till they brought him near the roof-beams. Then didst thou mock him, swineherd Eumaeus, and say: “Now verily, Melanthius, shalt thou watch the whole night through, lying on a soft bed, as befits thee, nor shalt thou fail to mark the early Dawn, golden-throned, as she comes forth from the streams of Oceanus, at the hour when thou art wont to drive thy she-goats for the wooers, to prepare a feast in the halls.” So he was left there, stretched in the direful bond, but the two put on their armour, and closed the bright door, and went to Odysseus, the wise and crafty-minded. There they stood, breathing fury, those on the threshold but four, while those within the hall were many and brave.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1919). Original text: Augustus Taber Murray (ed.), Homer, The Odyssey, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1919, vols. 1-2 (Greek text, based on the Oxford Classical Text, and English translation, as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.