Homer · Odyssey Ὀδύσσεια

Homer, Odyssey 24.98–202: Amphimedon's story

The ghost of Agamemnon asks Amphimedon how so many young men came to die, and Amphimedon tells how the suitors courted Penelope, who put them off with the web, and how Odysseus came in disguise and killed them. He says that their bodies still lie unburied in the hall. Agamemnon praises Penelope's virtue and contrasts her with Clytemnestra.

Lines 24.98–202 · 1132 words · click a number to copy its link
98ὣς οἱ μὲν τοιαῦτα πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀγόρευον, ἀγχίμολον δέ σφʼ ἦλθε διάκτορος ἀργεϊφόντης, 100ψυχὰς μνηστήρων κατάγων Ὀδυσῆϊ δαμέντων, τὼ δʼ ἄρα θαμβήσαντʼ ἰθὺς κίον, ὡς ἐσιδέσθην. ἔγνω δὲ ψυχὴ Ἀγαμέμνονος Ἀτρεΐδαο παῖδα φίλον Μελανῆος, ἀγακλυτὸν Ἀμφιμέδοντα· ξεῖνος γάρ οἱ ἔην Ἰθάκῃ ἔνι οἰκία ναίων. 105τὸν προτέρη ψυχὴ προσεφώνεεν Ἀτρεΐδαο· Ἀμφίμεδον, τί παθόντες ἐρεμνὴν γαῖαν ἔδυτε πάντες κεκριμένοι καὶ ὁμήλικες; οὐδέ κεν ἄλλως κρινάμενος λέξαιτο κατὰ πτόλιν ἄνδρας ἀρίστους. ἦ ὔμμʼ ἐν νήεσσι Ποσειδάων ἐδάμασσεν, 110ὄρσας ἀργαλέους ἀνέμους καὶ κύματα μακρά; ἦ που ἀνάρσιοι ἄνδρες ἐδηλήσαντʼ ἐπὶ χέρσου βοῦς περιταμνομένους ἠδʼ οἰῶν πώεα καλά, ἠὲ περὶ πτόλιος μαχεούμενοι ἠδὲ γυναικῶν; εἰπέ μοι εἰρομένῳ· ξεῖνος δέ τοι εὔχομαι εἶναι. 115ἦ οὐ μέμνῃ ὅτε κεῖσε κατήλυθον ὑμέτερον δῶ, ὀτρυνέων Ὀδυσῆα σὺν ἀντιθέῳ Μενελάῳ Ἴλιον εἰς ἅμʼ ἕπεσθαι ἐϋσσέλμων ἐπὶ νηῶν;

Thus they spoke to one another, but the messenger, Argeiphontes, drew near, leading down the spirits of the wooers slain by Odysseus; and the two, seized with wonder, went straight toward them when they beheld them. And the spirit of Agamemnon, son of Atreus, recognized the dear son of Melaneus, glorious Amphimedon, who had been his host, dwelling in Ithaca. Then the spirit of the son of Atreus spoke first to him and said “Amphimedon, what has befallen you that ye have come down beneath the dark earth, all of you picked men and of like age? One would make no other choice, were one to pick the best men in a city. Did Poseidon smite you on board your ships, when he had roused cruel winds and long waves? Or did foemen work you harm on the land, while you were cutting off their cattle and fair flocks of sheep, or while they fought in defence of their city and their women? Tell me what I ask; for I declare that I am a friend of thy house. Dost thou not remember when I came thither to your house with godlike Menelaus to urge Odysseus to go with us to Ilios on the benched ships?

118μηνὶ δʼ ἄρʼ οὔλῳ πάντα περήσαμεν εὐρέα πόντον, σπουδῇ παρπεπιθόντες Ὀδυσσῆα πτολίπορθον. 120τὸν δʼ αὖτε ψυχὴ προσεφώνεεν Ἀμφιμέδοντος· Ἀτρεΐδη κύδιστε, ἄναξ ἀνδρῶν Ἀγάμεμνον, μέμνημαι τάδε πάντα, διοτρεφές, ὡς ἀγορεύεις· σοὶ δʼ ἐγὼ εὖ μάλα πάντα καὶ ἀτρεκέως καταλέξω, ἡμετέρου θανάτοιο κακὸν τέλος, οἷον ἐτύχθη. 125μνώμεθʼ Ὀδυσσῆος δὴν οἰχομένοιο δάμαρτα· ἡ δʼ οὔτʼ ἠρνεῖτο στυγερὸν γάμον οὔτʼ ἐτελεύτα, ἡμῖν φραζομένη θάνατον καὶ κῆρα μέλαιναν, ἀλλὰ δόλον τόνδʼ ἄλλον ἐνὶ φρεσὶ μερμήριξε· στησαμένη μέγαν ἱστὸν ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ὕφαινε, 130λεπτὸν καὶ περίμετρον· ἄφαρ δʼ ἡμῖν μετέειπε· κοῦροι ἐμοὶ μνηστῆρες, ἐπεὶ θάνε δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς, μίμνετʼ ἐπειγόμενοι τὸν ἐμὸν γάμον, εἰς ὅ κε φᾶρος ἐκτελέσω, μή μοι μεταμώνια νήματʼ ὄληται, Λαέρτῃ ἥρωϊ ταφήϊον, εἰς ὅτε κέν μιν 135μοῖρʼ ὀλοὴ καθέλῃσι τανηλεγέος θανάτοιο, μή τίς μοι κατὰ δῆμον Ἀχαιϊάδων νεμεσήσῃ, αἴ κεν ἄτερ σπείρου κεῖται πολλὰ κτεατίσσας.

A full month it took us to cross all the wide sea, for hardly could we win to our will Odysseus, the sacker of cities.” Then the spirit of Amphimedon answered him, and said: “Most glorious son of Atreus, king of men, Agamemnon, I remember all these things, O thou fostered of Zeus, even as thou dost tell them; and on my part I will frankly tell thee all the truth, how for us an evil end of death was wrought. We wooed the wife of Odysseus, that had long been gone, and she neither refused the hateful marriage, nor would she ever make an end, devising for us death and black fate. Nay, she contrived in her heart this guileful thing also: she set up in her halls a great web, and fell to weaving— fine of thread was the web and very wide; and straightway she spoke among us: “‘Young men, my wooers, since goodly Odysseus is dead, be patient, though eager for my marriage, until I finish this robe—I would not that my spinning should come to naught—a shroud for the lord Laertes against the time when the fell fate of grievous death shall strike him down; lest any of the Achaean women in the land should be wroth at me, if he were to lie without a shroud, who had won great possessions.’

138ὣς ἔφαθʼ, ἡμῖν δʼ αὖτʼ ἐπεπείθετο θυμὸς ἀγήνωρ. ἔνθα καὶ ἠματίη μὲν ὑφαίνεσκεν μέγαν ἱστόν, 140νύκτας δʼ ἀλλύεσκεν, ἐπεὶ δαΐδας παραθεῖτο. ὣς τρίετες μὲν ἔληθε δόλῳ καὶ ἔπειθεν Ἀχαιούς· ἀλλʼ ὅτε τέτρατον ἦλθεν ἔτος καὶ ἐπήλυθον ὧραι, μηνῶν φθινόντων, περὶ δʼ ἤματα πόλλʼ ἐτελέσθη, καὶ τότε δή τις ἔειπε γυναικῶν, ἣ σάφα ᾔδη, 145καὶ τήν γʼ ἀλλύουσαν ἐφεύρομεν ἀγλαὸν ἱστόν. ὣς τὸ μὲν ἐξετέλεσσε καὶ οὐκ ἐθέλουσʼ, ὑπʼ ἀνάγκης. εὖθʼ ἡ φᾶρος ἔδειξεν, ὑφήνασα μέγαν ἱστόν, πλύνασʼ, ἠελίῳ ἐναλίγκιον ἠὲ σελήνῃ, καὶ τότε δή ῥʼ Ὀδυσῆα κακός ποθεν ἤγαγε δαίμων 150ἀγροῦ ἐπʼ ἐσχατιήν, ὅθι δώματα ναῖε συβώτης. ἔνθʼ ἦλθεν φίλος υἱὸς Ὀδυσσῆος θείοιο, ἐκ Πύλου ἠμαθόεντος ἰὼν σὺν νηῒ μελαίνῃ· τὼ δὲ μνηστῆρσιν θάνατον κακὸν ἀρτύναντε ἵκοντο προτὶ ἄστυ περικλυτόν, ἦ τοι Ὀδυσσεὺς 155ὕστερος, αὐτὰρ Τηλέμαχος πρόσθʼ ἡγεμόνευε.

“So she spoke, and our proud hearts consented. Then day by day she would weave at the great web, but by night would unravel it, when she had let place torches by her. Thus for three years she by her craft kept the Achaeans from knowing, and beguiled them; but when the fourth year came, as the seasons rolled on, as the months waned and many days were brought in their course, even then one of her women who knew all, told us, and we caught her unravelling the splendid web. So she finished it against her will perforce. “Now when she had shewn us the robe, after weaving the great web and washing it, and it shone like the sun or the moon, then it was that some cruel god brought Odysseus from somewhere to the border of the land, where the swineherd dwelt. Thither too came the dear son of divine Odysseus on his return from sandy Pylos in his black ship, and these two, when they had planned an evil death for the wooers, came to the famous city, Odysseus verily later, but Telemachus led the way before him.

156τὸν δὲ συβώτης ἦγε κακὰ χροῒ εἵματʼ ἔχοντα, πτωχῷ λευγαλέῳ ἐναλίγκιον ἠδὲ γέροντι σκηπτόμενον· τὰ δὲ λυγρὰ περὶ χροῒ εἵματα ἕστο· οὐδέ τις ἡμείων δύνατο γνῶναι τὸν ἐόντα 160ἐξαπίνης προφανέντʼ, οὐδʼ οἳ προγενέστεροι ἦσαν, ἀλλʼ ἔπεσίν τε κακοῖσιν ἐνίσσομεν ἠδὲ βολῇσιν. αὐτὰρ ὁ τῆος ἐτόλμα ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἑοῖσι βαλλόμενος καὶ ἐνισσόμενος τετληότι θυμῷ· ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή μιν ἔγειρε Διὸς νοός αἰγιόχοιο, 165σὺν μὲν Τηλεμάχῳ περικαλλέα τεύχεʼ ἀείρας ἐς θάλαμον κατέθηκε καὶ ἐκλήϊσεν ὀχῆας, αὐτὰρ ὁ ἣν ἄλοχον πολυκερδείῃσιν ἄνωγε τόξον μνηστήρεσσι θέμεν πολιόν τε σίδηρον, ἡμῖν αἰνομόροισιν ἀέθλια καὶ φόνου ἀρχήν. 170οὐδέ τις ἡμείων δύνατο κρατεροῖο βιοῖο νευρὴν ἐντανύσαι, πολλὸν δʼ ἐπιδευέες ἦμεν. ἀλλʼ ὅτε χεῖρας ἵκανεν Ὀδυσσῆος μέγα τόξον, ἔνθʼ ἡμεῖς μὲν πάντες ὁμοκλέομεν ἐπέεσσι τόξον μὴ δόμεναι, μηδʼ εἰ μάλα πολλʼ ἀγορεύοι· 175Τηλέμαχος δέ μιν οἶος ἐποτρύνων ἐκέλευσεν.

Now the swineherd brought his master, clad in mean raiment, in the likeness of a woeful and aged beggar, leaning on a staff, and miserable was the raiment that he wore about his body; and not one of us could know that it was he, when he appeared so suddenly, no, not even those that were older men, but we assailed him with evil words and with missiles. Howbeit he with steadfast heart endured for a time to be pelted and taunted in his own halls; but when at last the will of Zeus, who bears the aegis, roused him, with the help of Telemachus he took all the beautiful arms and laid them away in the store-room and made fast the bolts. Then in his great cunning he bade his wife set before the wooers his bow and the grey iron to be a contest for us ill-fated men and the beginning of death. And no man of us was able to stretch the string of the mighty bow; nay, we fell far short of that strength. But when the great bow came to the hands of Odysseus, then we all cried out aloud not to give him the bow, how much soever he might speak; but Telemachus alone urged him on, and bade him take it.

176αὐτὰρ ὁ δέξατο χειρὶ πολύτλας δῖος Ὀδυσσεύς, ῥηϊδίως δʼ ἐτάνυσσε βιόν, διὰ δʼ ἧκε σιδήρου, στῆ δʼ ἄρʼ ἐπʼ οὐδὸν ἰών, ταχέας δʼ ἐκχεύατʼ ὀϊστοὺς δεινὸν παπταίνων, βάλε δʼ Ἀντίνοον βασιλῆα. 180αὐτὰρ ἔπειτʼ ἄλλοις ἐφίει βέλεα στονόεντα, ἄντα τιτυσκόμενος· τοὶ δʼ ἀγχιστῖνοι ἔπιπτον. γνωτὸν δʼ ἦν ὅ ῥά τίς σφι θεῶν ἐπιτάρροθος ἦεν· αὐτίκα γὰρ κατὰ δώματʼ ἐπισπόμενοι μένεϊ σφῷ κτεῖνον ἐπιστροφάδην, τῶν δὲ στόνος ὤρνυτʼ ἀεικὴς 185κράτων τυπτομένων, δάπεδον δʼ ἅπαν αἵματι θῦεν. ὣς ἡμεῖς, Ἀγάμεμνον, ἀπωλόμεθʼ, ὧν ἔτι καὶ νῦν σώματʼ ἀκηδέα κεῖται ἐνὶ μεγάροις Ὀδυσῆος· οὐ γάρ πω ἴσασι φίλοι κατὰ δώμαθʼ ἑκάστου, οἵ κʼ ἀπονίψαντες μέλανα βρότον ἐξ ὠτειλέων 190κατθέμενοι γοάοιεν· ὃ γὰρ γέρας ἐστὶ θανόντων. τὸν δʼ αὖτε ψυχὴ προσεφώνεεν Ἀτρεΐδαο· ὄλβιε Λαέρταο πάϊ, πολυμήχανʼ Ὀδυσσεῦ, ἦ ἄρα σὺν μεγάλῃ ἀρετῇ ἐκτήσω ἄκοιτιν. ὡς ἀγαθαὶ φρένες ἦσαν ἀμύμονι Πηνελοπείῃ, 195κούρῃ Ἰκαρίου· ὡς εὖ μέμνητʼ Ὀδυσῆος, ἀνδρὸς κουριδίου· τῷ οἱ κλέος οὔ ποτʼ ὀλεῖται ἧς ἀρετῆς, τεύξουσι δʼ ἐπιχθονίοισιν ἀοιδὴν ἀθάνατοι χαρίεσσαν ἐχέφρονι Πηνελοπείῃ, οὐχ ὡς Τυνδαρέου κούρη κακὰ μήσατο ἔργα, 200κουρίδιον κτείνασα πόσιν, στυγερὴ δέ τʼ ἀοιδὴ ἔσσετʼ ἐπʼ ἀνθρώπους, χαλεπὴν δέ τε φῆμιν ὀπάσσει θηλυτέρῃσι γυναιξί, καὶ ἥ κʼ εὐεργὸς ἔῃσιν.

Then he took the bow in his hand, the much-enduring, goodly Odysseus, and with ease did he string it and send an arrow through the iron. Then he went and stood on the threshold, and poured out the swift arrows, glaring about him terribly, and smote king Antinous. And thereafter upon the others he with sure aim let fly his shafts, fraught with groanings, and the men fell thick and fast. Then was it known that some god was their helper; for straightway rushing on through the halls in their fury they slew men left and right, and therefrom rose hideous groaning, as heads were smitten, and all the floor swam with blood. Thus we perished, Agamemnon, and even now our bodies still lie uncared-for in the halls of Odysseus; for our friends in each man's home know naught as yet—our friends who might wash the black blood from our wounds and lay our bodies out with wailing; for that is the due of the dead.” Then the spirit of the son of Atreus answered him: “Happy son of Laertes, Odysseus of many devices, of a truth full of all excellence was the wife thou didst win, so good of understanding was peerless Penelope, daughter of Icarius, in that she was loyally mindful of Odysseus, her wedded husband. Therefore the fame of her virtue shall never perish, but the immortals shall make among men on earth a pleasant song in honor of constant Penelope. Not on this wise did the daughter of Tyndareus devise evil deeds and slay her wedded husband, and hateful shall the song regarding her be among men, and evil repute doth she bring upon all womankind, even upon her that doeth uprightly.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by Augustus Taber Murray (1919). Original text: Augustus Taber Murray (ed.), Homer, The Odyssey, Loeb Classical Library, London: Heinemann; New York: Putnam, 1919, vols. 1-2 (Greek text, based on the Oxford Classical Text, and English translation, as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.