Euripides · Electra Ἠλέκτρα

Euripides, Electra 487–546: Second episode: the Old Man finds offerings at Agamemnon's tomb

The aged servant, who once brought up Agamemnon's child, comes with a lamb, cheeses and wine for the guests, and weeps as he greets Electra. He tells her that he has been to Agamemnon's tomb and found a freshly cut lock of hair and a sacrificial offering, and thinks that it is Orestes'. Electra mocks the signs, saying that a footprint on stony ground or a lock of hair or a robe that she wove would prove nothing.

Lines 487–546 · 578 words · click a number to copy its link
Πρέσβυς 487ποῦ ποῦ νεᾶνις πότνιʼ ἐμὴ δέσποινά τε, Ἀγαμέμνονος παῖς, ὅν ποτʼ ἐξέθρεψʼ ἐγώ; ὡς πρόσβασιν τῶνδʼ ὀρθίαν οἴκων ἔχει 490ῥυσῷ γέροντι τῷδε προσβῆναι ποδί. ὅμως δὲ πρός γε τοὺς φίλους ἐξελκτέον διπλῆν ἄκανθαν καὶ παλίρροπον γόνυ. ὦ θύγατερ — ἄρτι γάρ σε πρὸς δόμοις ὁρῶ — ἥκω φέρων σοι τῶν ἐμῶν βοσκημάτων 495ποίμνης νεογνὸν θρέμμʼ ὑποσπάσας τόδε στεφάνους τε τευχέων τʼ ἐξελὼν τυρεύματα, παλαιόν τε θησαύρισμα Διονύσου τόδε ὀσμῇ κατῆρες, μικρόν, ἀλλʼ ἐπεσβαλεῖν ἡδὺ σκύφον τοῦδʼ ἀσθενεστέρῳ ποτῷ. 500ἴτω φέρων τις τοῖς ξένοις τάδʼ ἐς δόμους· ἐγὼ δὲ τρύχει τῷδʼ ἐμῶν πέπλων κόρας δακρύοισι τέγξας ἐξομόρξασθαι θέλω. Ἠλέκτρα τί δʼ, ὦ γεραιέ, διάβροχον τόδʼ ὄμμʼ ἔχεις; μῶν τἀμὰ διὰ χρόνου σʼ ἀνέμνησεν κακά; 505ἢ τὰς Ὀρέστου τλήμονας φυγὰς στένεις καὶ πατέρα τὸν ἐμόν, ὅν ποτʼ ἐν χεροῖν ἔχων ἀνόνητʼ ἔθρεψας σοί τε καὶ τοῖς σοῖς φίλοις; Πρέσβυς ἀνόνηθʼ· ὅμως δʼ οὖν τοῦτό γʼ οὐκ ἠνεσχόμην. ἦλθον γὰρ αὐτοῦ πρὸς τάφον πάρεργʼ ὁδοῦ 510καὶ προσπεσὼν ἔκλαυσʼ ἐρημίας τυχών, σπονδάς τε, λύσας ἀσκὸν ὃν φέρω ξένοις, ἔσπεισα, τύμβῳ δʼ ἀμφέθηκα μυρσίνας. πυρᾶς δʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῆς οἶν μελάγχιμον πόκῳ σφάγιον ἐσεῖδον αἷμά τʼ οὐ πάλαι χυθὲν 515ξανθῆς τε χαίτης βοστρύχους κεκαρμένους. κἀθαύμασʼ, ὦ παῖ, τίς ποτʼ ἀνθρώπων ἔτλη πρὸς τύμβον ἐλθεῖν· οὐ γὰρ Ἀργείων γέ τις. ἀλλʼ ἦλθʼ ἴσως που σὸς κασίγνητος λάθρᾳ, μολὼν δʼ ἐθαύμασʼ ἄθλιον τύμβον πατρός. 520σκέψαι δὲ χαίτην προστιθεῖσα σῇ κόμῃ, εἰ χρῶμα ταὐτὸν κουρίμης ἔσται τριχός· φιλεῖ γάρ, αἷμα ταὐτὸν οἷς ἂν ᾖ πατρός, τὰ πόλλʼ ὅμοια σώματος πεφυκέναι.

Old man Where, where is my young queen and mistress, Agamemnon’s child, whom I once brought up? How steep is the approach to her house, for a wrinkled old man to ascend with this foot! Still, for these friends, I must drag along my back bent double and sinking knees. Oh, daughter—for I see you now before the house—I have come, bringing you from my own sheep this newborn nursling of the flock, having drawn it away from its mother, and garlands, and cheeses I have taken from the press, and this old treasure of Dionysus, furnished with fragrance, small, but sweet to pour a cup of it into a weaker drink. Let some one carry these gifts into the house for the guests. I have moistened my eyes with tears, and wish to wipe them off on this shred of my robe.

Electra Why are your eyes wet, old man? Have my troubles stirred your memory, after an interval of time? Or are you groaning over the sad exile of Orestes, and over my father, whom you once held in your arms and brought up, in vain for you and for your friends?

Old man In vain; but still I could not endure this: for I came to his grave, an addition to my journey, and falling on it I wept for its desolation; then I opened the wine-skin which I am bringing to the guests, and poured a libation, and set myrtle-sprigs round the tomb. On the alter itself I saw a black-fleeced ram as an offering, and there was blood, not long poured out, and severed locks of yellow hair. And I wondered, child, who ever dared come to the the tomb; for it was no Argive at least. But perhaps your brother has somehow come secretly and on his return has done honor to his father’s wretched grave. Go look to see if the color of the cut lock is the same as yours, putting it to your own hair; it is usual for those who have the same paternal blood to have a close bodily resemblance in most points.

Ἠλέκτρα 524οὐκ ἄξιʼ ἀνδρός, ὦ γέρον, σοφοῦ λέγεις, 525εἰ κρυπτὸν ἐς γῆν τήνδʼ ἂν Αἰγίσθου φόβῳ δοκεῖς ἀδελφὸν τὸν ἐμὸν εὐθαρσῆ μολεῖν. ἔπειτα χαίτης πῶς συνοίσεται πλόκος, ὁ μὲν παλαίστραις ἀνδρὸς εὐγενοῦς τραφείς, ὁ δὲ κτενισμοῖς θῆλυς; ἀλλʼ ἀμήχανον. 530πολλοῖς δʼ ἂν εὕροις βοστρύχους ὁμοπτέρους καὶ μὴ γεγῶσιν αἵματος ταὐτοῦ, γέρον. Πρέσβυς σὺ δʼ εἰς ἴχνος βᾶσʼ ἀρβύλης σκέψαι βάσιν εἰ σύμμετρος σῷ ποδὶ γενήσεται, τέκνον. Ἠλέκτρα πῶς δʼ ἂν γένοιτʼ ἂν ἐν κραταιλέῳ πέδῳ 535γαίας ποδῶν ἔκμακτρον; εἰ δʼ ἔστιν τόδε, δυοῖν ἀδελφοῖν ποὺς ἂν οὐ γένοιτʼ ἴσος ἀνδρός τε καὶ γυναικός, ἀλλʼ ἅρσην κρατεῖ. Πρέσβυς οὐκ ἔστιν, εἰ καὶ γῆν κασίγνητος μολών, […] κερκίδος ὅτῳ γνοίης ἂν ἐξύφασμα σῆς, 540ἐν ᾧ ποτʼ αὐτὸν ἐξέκλεψα μὴ θανεῖν; Ἠλέκτρα οὐκ οἶσθʼ, Ὀρέστης ἡνίκʼ ἐκπίπτει χθονός, νέαν μʼ ἔτʼ οὖσαν; εἰ δὲ κἄκρεκον πέπλους, πῶς ἂν τότʼ ὢν παῖς ταὐτὰ νῦν ἔχοι φάρη, εἰ μὴ ξυναύξοινθʼ οἱ πέπλοι τῷ σώματι; 545ἀλλʼ ἤ τις αὐτοῦ τάφον ἐποικτίρας ξένος ἐκείρατʼ, ἢ τῆσδε σκοποὺς λαβὼν χθονὸς —

Electra Old man, your words are unworthy of a wise man, if you think my own brave brother would come to this land secretly for fear of Aegisthus. Then, how will a lock of hair correspond, the one made to grow in the wrestling schools of a well-bred man, the other, a woman’s lock, by combing? No, it is impossible. But you could find in many people hair very similar, although they are not of the same blood, old man.

Old man Then stand in the footprint and see if the tread of the boot will measure with your own foot, child.

Electra How could there be an imprint of feet on a stony plot of ground? And if there is, the foot of brother and sister would not be the same in size, for the male conquers.

Old man There is not, even if your brother, coming to this land . . . by which you might know your loom’s weaving, in which I once stole him away from death?

Electra Don’t you know that I was still young when Orestes was driven out of the land? And even if I had woven him a robe, how could he, a child then, have the same one now, unless his clothes grew together with his body? But either a stranger, taking pity on his grave. . .

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.