Euripides · Orestes Ὀρέστης

Euripides, Orestes 1131–1203: Sixth episode: the case for killing Helen; Electra proposes seizing Hermione

Pylades says that if they kill Helen, all of Hellas will shout for joy, and that they must either win honor or die. Orestes praises his friend and says that he will not die like a slave. Electra proposes that they seize Hermione and hold her life against Menelaus' for their own.

Lines 1131–1203 · 732 words · click a number to copy its link
Πυλάδης 1131ἔγνως· ἄκουσον δʼ ὡς καλῶς βουλεύομαι. εἰ μὲν γὰρ ἐς γυναῖκα σωφρονεστέραν ξίφος μεθεῖμεν, δυσκλεὴς ἂν ἦν φόνος· νῦν δʼ ὑπὲρ ἁπάσης Ἑλλάδος δώσει δίκην, 1135ὧν πατέρας ἔκτεινʼ, ὧν δʼ ἀπώλεσεν τέκνα, νύμφας τʼ ἔθηκεν ὀρφανὰς ξυναόρων. ὀλολυγμὸς ἔσται, πῦρ τʼ ἀνάψουσιν θεοῖς, σοὶ πολλὰ κἀμοὶ κέδνʼ ἀρώμενοι τυχεῖν, κακῆς γυναικὸς οὕνεχʼ αἷμʼ ἐπράξαμεν. 1140ὁ μητροφόντης δʼ οὐ καλῇ ταύτην κτανών, ἀλλʼ ἀπολιπὼν τοῦτʼ ἐπὶ τὸ βέλτιον πεσῇ, Ἑλένης λεγόμενος τῆς πολυκτόνου φονεύς. οὐ δεῖ ποτʼ, οὐ δεῖ, Μενέλεων μὲν εὐτυχεῖν, τὸν σὸν δὲ πατέρα καὶ σὲ κἀδελφὴν θανεῖν, 1145μητέρα τε — ἐῶ τοῦτʼ· οὐ γὰρ εὐπρεπὲς λέγειν — δόμους δʼ ἔχειν σοὺς διʼ Ἀγαμέμνονος δόρυ λαβόντα νύμφην· μὴ γὰρ οὖν ζῴην ἔτι, ἢν μὴ ʼπʼ ἐκείνῃ φάσγανον σπασώμεθα. ἢν δʼ οὖν τὸν Ἑλένης μὴ κατάσχωμεν φόνον, 1150πρήσαντες οἴκους τούσδε κατθανούμεθα. ἑνὸς γὰρ οὐ σφαλέντες ἕξομεν κλέος, καλῶς θανόντες ἢ καλῶς σεσῳσμένοι. Χορός πάσαις γυναιξὶν ἀξία στυγεῖν ἔφυ ἡ Τυνδαρὶς παῖς, ἣ κατῄσχυνεν γένος.

Pylades You have it; now hear how sound my scheme is. If we drew the sword upon a woman of greater chastity, the murder would be infamous; but, as it is, she will be punished for the sake of all Hellas, whose fathers she slew, whose children she destroyed, and made widows out of brides. There will be shouts of joy, and they will kindle the altars of the gods, invoking on our heads many blessings, because we shed a wicked woman’s blood. After killing her, you will not be called the matricide, but, resigning that title, you will succeed to a better, and be called the slayer of Helen the murderess. It can never, never be right that Menelaus should prosper, and your father, your sister and you should die, and your mother—but I pass that by, for it is not seemly to mention it—and for him to possess your home, though it was by Agamemnon’s prowess that he recovered his bride. May I die, if we do not draw our swords upon her! But if we do not accomplish Helen’s death, we will set fire to the house and die. For we will not fail to achieve one distinction, an honorable death or an honorable escape.

Chorus Leader The daughter of Tyndareus, who has brought shame on her sex, has justly earned the hatred of every woman.

Ὀρέστης 1155φεῦ· οὐκ ἔστιν οὐδὲν κρεῖσσον ἢ φίλος σαφής, οὐ πλοῦτος, οὐ τυραννίς· ἀλόγιστον δέ τι τὸ πλῆθος ἀντάλλαγμα γενναίου φίλου. σὺ γὰρ τά τʼ εἰς Αἴγισθον ἐξηῦρες κακὰ καὶ πλησίον παρῆσθα κινδύνων ἐμοί, 1160νῦν τʼ αὖ δίδως μοι πολεμίων τιμωρίαν κοὐκ ἐκποδὼν εἶ — παύσομαί σʼ αἰνῶν, ἐπεὶ βάρος τι κἀν τῷδʼ ἐστίν, αἰνεῖσθαι λίαν. ἐγὼ δὲ πάντως ἐκπνέων ψυχὴν ἐμὴν δράσας τι χρῄζω τοὺς ἐμοὺς ἐχθροὺς θανεῖν, 1165ἵνʼ ἀνταναλώσω μὲν οἵ με προύδοσαν, στένωσι δʼ οἵπερ κἄμʼ ἔθηκαν ἄθλιον. Ἀγαμέμνονός τοι παῖς πέφυχʼ, ὃς Ἑλλάδος ἦρξʼ ἀξιωθείς, οὐ τύραννος, ἀλλʼ ὅμως ῥώμην θεοῦ τινʼ ἔσχε· ὃν οὐ καταισχυνῶ 1170δοῦλον παρασχὼν θάνατον, ἀλλʼ ἐλευθέρως ψυχὴν ἀφήσω, Μενέλεων δὲ τείσομαι. ἑνὸς γὰρ εἰ λαβοίμεθʼ, εὐτυχοῖμεν ἄν, εἴ ποθεν ἄελπτος παραπέσοι σωτηρία κτανοῦσι μὴ θανοῦσιν· εὔχομαι τάδε. 1175ὃ βούλομαι γάρ, ἡδὺ καὶ διὰ στόμα πτηνοῖσι μύθοις ἀδαπάνως τέρψαι φρένα. Ἠλέκτρα ἐγώ, κασίγνητʼ, αὐτὸ τοῦτʼ ἔχειν δοκῶ, σωτηρίαν σοὶ τῷδέ τʼ ἐκ τρίτων τʼ ἐμοί. Ὀρέστης θεοῦ λέγεις πρόνοιαν. ἀλλὰ ποῦ τόδε; 1180ἐπεὶ τὸ συνετόν γʼ οἶδα σῇ ψυχῇ παρόν. Ἠλέκτρα ἄκουε δή νυν· καὶ σὺ δεῦρο νοῦν ἔχε. Ὀρέστης λέγʼ· ὡς τὸ μέλλειν ἀγάθʼ ἔχει τινʼ ἡδονήν. Ἠλέκτρα Ἑλένης κάτοισθα θυγατέρʼ; εἰδότʼ ἠρόμην. Ὀρέστης οἶδʼ, ἣν ἔθρεψεν Ἑρμιόνην μήτηρ ἐμή. Ἠλέκτρα 1185αὕτη βέβηκε πρὸς Κλυταιμήστρας τάφον. Ὀρέστης τί χρῆμα δράσουσʼ; ὑποτίθης τίνʼ ἐλπίδα; Ἠλέκτρα χοὰς κατασπείσουσʼ ὑπὲρ μητρὸς τάφῳ. Ὀρέστης καὶ δὴ τί μοι τοῦτʼ εἶπας ἐς σωτηρίαν; Ἠλέκτρα ξυλλάβεθʼ ὅμηρον τήνδʼ, ὅταν στείχῃ πάλιν. Ὀρέστης 1190τίνος τόδʼ εἶπας φάρμακον τρισσοῖς φίλοις; Ἠλέκτρα Ἑλένης θανούσης, ἤν τι Μενέλεώς σε δρᾷ ἢ τόνδε κἀμέ — πᾶν γὰρ ἓν φίλον τόδε — λέγʼ ὡς φονεύσεις Ἑρμιόνην· ξίφος δὲ χρὴ δέρῃ πρὸς αὐτῇ παρθένου σπάσαντʼ ἔχειν. 1195κἂν μέν σε σῴζῃ μὴ θανεῖν χρῄζων κόρην Ἑλένης Μενέλεως πτῶμʼ ἰδὼν ἐν αἵματι, μέθες πεπᾶσθαι πατρὶ παρθένου δέμας· ἢν δʼ ὀξυθύμου μὴ κρατῶν φρονήματος κτείνῃ σε, καὶ σὺ σφάζε παρθένου δέρην. 1200καί νιν δοκῶ, τὸ πρῶτον ἢν πολὺς παρῇ, χρόνῳ μαλάξειν σπλάγχνον· οὔτε γὰρ θρασὺς οὔτʼ ἄλκιμος πέφυκε. τήνδʼ ἡμῖν ἔχω σωτηρίας ἔπαλξιν. εἴρηται λόγος.

Orestes Ah! there is nothing better than a trusty friend, neither wealth nor monarchy; a crowd of people is of no account in exchange for a noble friend. You were the one who devised the vengeance against Aegisthus, and stood by me in danger, and now again you are offering me a means to punish my foes and do not stand aside—but I will cease praising you, for there is something wearisome even in being praised to excess. Now since in any case I must breathe my last, I want to do something to my enemies before my death, so that I may requite with ruin those who betrayed me, and so that those who made me suffer may grieve. Yes! I am the son of Agamemnon, who was considered worthy to rule Hellas, no tyrant but yet god-like in power; I will not disgrace him by submitting to die like a slave; my last breath shall be free and I will take vengeance on Menelaus. For if we could secure one object, we would be lucky, if a means of safety should unexpectedly come our way from somewhere, and we should be the slayers, not the slain; this is what I pray for. This wish of mine is a pleasant dream to cheer the heart, without cost, by means of the mouth’s winged words.

Electra I think I have it, brother, a means of safety for you, and for him and thirdly for myself.

Orestes You mean divine providence. But why do I say that? Since I know the natural shrewdness of your heart.

Electra Listen to me now; and you pay attention also.

Orestes Speak; the prospect of good news holds a certain pleasure.

Electra You know Helen’s daughter? Of course you do.

Orestes I know her, Hermione, whom my mother reared.

Electra She has gone to Clytemnestra’s tomb.

Orestes To do what? What hope are you hinting at?

Electra She was going to pour a libation over the tomb of our mother.

Orestes Well, how does what you have said lead to our safety?

Electra Seize her as a hostage on her way back.

Orestes What good can your suggested remedy do us three friends?

Electra If, after Helen’s slaughter, Menelaus tries to do anything to you or to Pylades and me—for this bond of friendship is wholly one—say that you will kill Hermione; you must draw your sword and hold it to the maiden’s throat. If Menelaus, when he sees Helen fallen in her blood, tries to save you to insure the girl’s life, allow him to take his daughter to his arms; but if he makes no effort to curb the angry outburst and leaves you to die, then cut the maiden’s throat. And I think if he puts in a mighty appearance at first, he will calm down in time; for he is not bold or brave by nature. That is my line of defense for our safety. My speech is over.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.