Euripides · Orestes Ὀρέστης

Euripides, Orestes 71–135: Prologue: Helen asks Electra to take offerings to Clytemnestra's tomb

Helen, newly arrived from Troy, asks Electra how she and her brother fare. She asks Electra to take offerings to Clytemnestra's tomb, but Electra refuses, and Helen sends her daughter Hermione instead. Electra says to the Chorus that Helen has not changed, and has been the ruin of her family.

Lines 71–135 · 634 words · click a number to copy its link
Ἑλένη 71ὦ παῖ Κλυταιμήστρας τε καὶ Ἀγαμέμνονος, παρθένε μακρὸν δὴ μῆκος Ἠλέκτρα χρόνου, πῶς, ὦ τάλαινα, σύ τε κασίγνητός τε σὸς τλήμων Ὀρέστης μητρὸς ὅδε φονεὺς ἔχει; 75προσφθέγμασιν γὰρ οὐ μιαίνομαι σέθεν, ἐς Φοῖβον ἀναφέρουσα τὴν ἁμαρτίαν. καίτοι στένω γε τὸν Κλυταιμήστρας μόρον, ἐμῆς ἀδελφῆς, ἥν, ἐπεὶ πρὸς Ἴλιον ἔπλευσʼ ὅπως ἔπλευσα θεομανεῖ πότμῳ, 80οὐκ εἶδον, ἀπολειφθεῖσα δʼ αἰάζω τύχας. Ἠλέκτρα Ἑλένη, τί σοι λέγοιμʼ ἂν ἅ γε παροῦσʼ ὁρᾷς; ἐγὼ μὲν ἄυπνος πάρεδρος ἀθλίῳ νεκρῷ — νεκρὸς γὰρ οὗτος οὕνεκα σμικρᾶς πνοῆς — 85θάσσω· τὰ τούτου δʼ οὐκ ὀνειδίζω κακά. σὺ δʼ εἶ μακαρία μακάριός θʼ ὁ σὸς πόσις. Ἑλένη πόσον χρόνον δʼ ἐν δεμνίοις πέπτωχʼ ὅδε; Ἠλέκτρα ἐξ οὗπερ αἷμα γενέθλιον κατήνυσεν. Ἑλένη 90ὢ μέλεος· ἡ τεκοῦσά θʼ, ὡς διώλετο. Ἠλέκτρα οὕτως ἔχει τάδʼ, ὥστʼ ἀπείρηκεν κακοῖς. Ἑλένη πρὸς θεῶν, πίθοιʼ ἂν δῆτά μοί τι, παρθένε; Ἠλέκτρα ὡς ἄσχολός γε συγγόνου προσεδρίᾳ. Ἑλένη βούλῃ τάφον μοι πρὸς κασιγνήτης μολεῖν; Ἠλέκτρα 95μητρὸς κελεύεις τῆς ἐμῆς; τίνος χάριν; Ἑλένη κόμης ἀπαρχὰς καὶ χοὰς φέρουσʼ ἐμάς. Ἠλέκτρα σοὶ δʼ οὐχὶ θεμιτὸν πρὸς φίλων στείχειν τάφον; Ἑλένη δεῖξαι γὰρ Ἀργείοισι σῶμʼ αἰσχύνομαι. Ἠλέκτρα ὀψέ γε φρονεῖς εὖ, τότε λιποῦσʼ αἰσχρῶς δόμους. Ἑλένη 100ὀρθῶς ἔλεξας, οὐ φίλως δʼ ἐμοὶ λέγεις. Ἠλέκτρα αἰδὼς δὲ δὴ τίς σʼ ἐς Μυκηναίους ἔχει; Ἑλένη δέδοικα πατέρας τῶν ὑπʼ Ἰλίῳ νεκρῶν. Ἠλέκτρα δεινὸν γάρ· Ἄργει τʼ ἀναβοᾷ διὰ στόμα. Ἑλένη σύ νυν χάριν μοι τὸν φόβον λύσασα δός. Ἠλέκτρα 105οὐκ ἂν δυναίμην μητρὸς ἐσβλέψαι τάφον. Ἑλένη αἰσχρόν γε μέντοι προσπόλους φέρειν τάδε. Ἠλέκτρα τί δʼ οὐχὶ θυγατρὸς Ἑρμιόνης πέμπεις δέμας; Ἑλένη ἐς ὄχλον ἕρπειν παρθένοισιν οὐ καλόν. Ἠλέκτρα καὶ μὴν τίνοι γʼ ἂν τῇ τεθνηκυίᾳ τροφάς.

Helen Daughter of Clytemnestra and Agamemnon, unhappy Electra, a maiden for so long, how is it with you and your brother, this ill-starred Orestes who slew his mother? For referring the sin as I do to Phoebus, I incur no pollution by addressing you; and yet I am truly sorry for the death of my sister Clytemnestra, whom I never saw after I was driven by heaven-sent frenzy to sail as I did to Ilium; but now that I am parted from her, I bewail our misfortunes.

Electra Helen, why should I speak of that which your own eyes can see? Beside his wretched corpse I sit, sleepless—for corpse he is, so faint his breath— not that I reproach him with his sufferings; but you are highly blessed and your husband too.

Helen How long has he lain in this way on the couch?

Electra Ever since he spilt his mother’s blood.

Helen Unhappy wretch! unhappy mother! what a death she died.

Electra Unhappy enough to succumb to his misery.

Helen By the gods, would you hear me a moment, maiden?

Electra Yes, with such leisure as this watching over a brother leaves.

Helen Will you go for me to my sister’s tomb?

Electra Would you have me seek my mother’s tomb? Why?

Helen To carry an offering of hair and a libation from me.

Electra Isn’t it right for you to go to the tomb of one you love?

Helen No, for I am ashamed to show myself in Argos.

Electra A late repentance surely for one who left her home so shamefully then.

Helen You have told the truth, but your telling is not kind to me.

Electra What is this supposed shame before the eyes of Mycenae that possesses you?

Helen I am afraid of the fathers of those who lie dead at Ilium.

Electra Good cause for fear; your name is on every tongue in Argos.

Helen Then free me of my fear and grant me this favor.

Electra I could not bear to look upon my mother’s grave.

Helen And yet it would be shame indeed for servants to bear these offerings.

Electra Then why not send your daughter Hermione?

Helen It is not good for maidens to go into a crowd.

Electra And yet she would be repaying her dead foster-mother’s care.

Ἑλένη 110ὀρθῶς ἔλεξας, πείθομαί τέ σοι, κόρη. ὦ τέκνον, ἔξελθʼ, Ἑρμιόνη, δόμων πάρος καὶ λαβὲ χοὰς τάσδʼ ἐν χεροῖν κόμας τʼ ἐμάς· ἐλθοῦσα δʼ ἀμφὶ τὸν Κλυταιμήστρας τάφον 115μελίκρατʼ ἄφες γάλακτος οἰνωπόν τʼ ἄχνην, καὶ στᾶσʼ ἐπʼ ἄκρου χώματος λέξον τάδε· Ἑλένη σʼ ἀδελφὴ ταῖσδε δωρεῖται χοαῖς, φόβῳ προσελθεῖν μνῆμα σόν, ταρβοῦσά τε Ἀργεῖον ὄχλον. πρευμενῆ δʼ ἄνωγέ νιν 120ἐμοί τε καὶ σοὶ καὶ πόσει γνώμην ἔχειν τοῖν τʼ ἀθλίοιν τοῖνδʼ, οὓς ἀπώλεσεν θεός. ἃ δʼ εἰς ἀδελφὴν καιρὸς ἐκπονεῖν ἐμέ, ἅπανθʼ ὑπισχνοῦ νερτέρων δωρήματα. ἴθʼ, ὦ τέκνον μοι, σπεῦδε καὶ χοὰς τάφῳ 125δοῦσʼ ὡς τάχιστα τῆς πάλιν μέμνησʼ ὁδοῦ. Ἠλέκτρα ὦ φύσις, ἐν ἀνθρώποισιν ὡς μέγʼ εἶ κακόν, σωτήριόν τε τοῖς καλῶς κεκτημένοις. εἴδετε παρʼ ἄκρας ὡς ἀπέθρισεν τρίχας, σῴζουσα κάλλος; ἔστι δʼ ἡ πάλαι γυνή. 130θεοί σε μισήσειαν, ὥς μʼ ἀπώλεσας καὶ τόνδε πᾶσάν θʼ Ἑλλάδα. ὦ τάλαινʼ ἐγώ· αἵδʼ αὖ πάρεισι τοῖς ἐμοῖς θρηνήμασι φίλαι ξυνῳδοί· τάχα μεταστήσουσʼ ὕπνου τόνδʼ ἡσυχάζοντʼ, ὄμμα δʼ ἐκτήξουσʼ ἐμὸν 135δακρύοις, ἀδελφὸν ὅταν ὁρῶ μεμηνότα.

Helen You have told the truth and have convinced me, maiden. Hermione, my child, come out, before the palace. Take these libations and these tresses of mine in your hands, and go pour round Clytemnestra’s tomb a mingled cup of honey, milk, and frothing wine; then stand upon the heaped-up grave, and say this: Helen, your sister, sends you these libations as her gift, fearing herself to approach your tomb from terror of the Argive mob and bid her harbor kindly thoughts towards me and you and my husband; towards these two wretched sufferers, too, whom the gods have destroyed. And promise that I will pay in full whatever funeral gifts are due from me to a sister. Now go, my child, and hurry; and soon as you have made the libations at the tomb, think of your return.

Electra O human nature, how great an evil you are in men! and what salvation, too, to those who have a goodly heritage there. Did you see how she cut off her hair only at the ends, to preserve its beauty? She is the same woman as of old. May the gods hate you! for you have proved the ruin of me and my brother and all Hellas. Alas! here are my friends once more, coming to unite their plaintive dirge with mine; they will soon put an end to my brother’s peaceful sleep, and cause my tears to flow when I see him in frenzy.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Orestes 71–135: Helen asks Electra to take offerings to…