Euripides · Orestes Ὀρέστης

Euripides, Orestes 786–843: Fourth episode: Orestes goes to the assembly; choral song on the house of Atreus

Pylades supports Orestes as they set off for the assembly, and Orestes says that one friend is better than a host of relations. The Chorus sings of the downfall of the house of Atreus, from the golden ram to the murder of Clytemnestra. They mourn for Orestes, now raving mad.

Lines 786–843 · 504 words · click a number to copy its link
Ὀρέστης 786ἰτέον, ὡς ἄνανδρον ἀκλεῶς κατθανεῖν. Πυλάδης αἰνῶ τάδε. Ὀρέστης ἦ λέγωμεν οὖν ἀδελφῇ ταῦτʼ ἐμῇ; Πυλάδης μὴ πρὸς θεῶν. Ὀρέστης δάκρυα γοῦν γένοιτʼ ἄν. Πυλάδης οὐκοῦν οὗτος οἰωνὸς μέγας. Ὀρέστης δηλαδὴ σιγᾶν ἄμεινον. Πυλάδης τῷ χρόνῳ δὲ κερδανεῖς. Ὀρέστης 790κεῖνό μοι μόνον πρόσαντες. Πυλάδης τί τόδε καινὸν αὖ λέγεις; Ὀρέστης μὴ θεαί μʼ οἴστρῳ κατάσχωσι. Πυλάδης ἀλλὰ κηδεύσω σʼ ἐγώ. Ὀρέστης δυσχερὲς ψαύειν νοσοῦντος ἀνδρός. Πυλάδης οὐκ ἔμοιγε σοῦ. Ὀρέστης εὐλαβοῦ λύσσης μετασχεῖν τῆς ἐμῆς. Πυλάδης τόδʼ οὖν ἴτω. Ὀρέστης οὐκ ἄρʼ ὀκνήσεις; Πυλάδης ὄκνος γὰρ τοῖς φίλοις κακὸν μέγα. Ὀρέστης 795ἕρπε νυν οἴαξ ποδός μοι. Πυλάδης φίλα γʼ ἔχων κηδεύματα. Ὀρέστης καί με πρὸς τύμβον πόρευσον πατρός. Πυλάδης ὡς τί δὴ τόδε; Ὀρέστης ὥς νιν ἱκετεύσω με σῶσαι. Πυλάδης τό γε δίκαιον ὧδʼ ἔχει. Ὀρέστης μητέρος δὲ μηδʼ ἴδοιμι μνῆμα. Πυλάδης πολεμία γὰρ ἦν. ἀλλʼ ἔπειγʼ, ὡς μή σε πρόσθε ψῆφος Ἀργείων ἕλῃ, 800περιβαλὼν πλευροῖς ἐμοῖσι πλευρὰ νωχελῆ νόσῳ· ὡς ἐγὼ διʼ ἄστεώς σε, σμικρὰ φροντίζων ὄχλου, οὐδὲν αἰσχυνθεὶς ὀχήσω. ποῦ γὰρ ὢν δείξω φίλος, εἴ σε μὴ ʼν δειναῖσιν ὄντα συμφοραῖς ἐπαρκέσω; Ὀρέστης τοῦτʼ ἐκεῖνο, κτᾶσθʼ ἑταίρους, μὴ τὸ συγγενὲς μόνον· 805ὡς ἀνὴρ ὅστις τρόποισι συντακῇ, θυραῖος ὢν μυρίων κρείσσων ὁμαίμων ἀνδρὶ κεκτῆσθαι φίλος.

Orestes I must go, for to die ignobly is a coward’s part.

Pylades Well said.

Orestes Shall we tell my sister?

Pylades God forbid!

Orestes True, there might be tears.

Pylades That would be a grave omen.

Orestes Yes, silence is clearly better.

Pylades And you will gain time.

Orestes There is only one obstacle in my way.

Pylades What fresh objection now?

Orestes I am afraid the goddesses will prevent me by madness.

Pylades But I will take care of you.

Orestes It is annoying to have to touch a sick man.

Pylades Not to me, when it is you.

Orestes Beware of becoming a partner in my madness.

Pylades Let that pass.

Orestes You will not hesitate?

Pylades No, for hesitation is a grave mischief among friends.

Orestes On then, pilot of my course!

Pylades A service I am glad to render.

Orestes And guide me to my father’s tomb.

Pylades For what purpose?

Orestes That I may appeal to him to save me.

Pylades Yes, that is the proper way.

Orestes May I not see my mother’s grave!

Pylades No; she was an enemy. But hasten, so that the vote of Argos may not catch you first, supporting those limbs, slow from sickness, on mine; for I will carry you through the town, thinking little of the mob and unashamed. For how shall I prove my friendship, if not by helping you in sore distress?

Orestes Ah! the old saying again, get friends, not relations only. For a man who fuses into your ways, though he is an outsider, is better for a man to possess as a friend than a whole host of relations.

Chorus

807ὁ μέγας ὄλβος ἅ τʼ ἀρετὰ μέγα φρονοῦσʼ ἀνʼ Ἑλλάδα καὶ παρὰ Σιμουντίοις ὀχετοῖς 810πάλιν ἀνῆλθʼ ἐξ εὐτυχίας Ἀτρείδαις πάλαι παλαιᾶς ἀπὸ συμφορᾶς δόμων, ὁπότε χρυσείας ἔρις ἀρνὸς ἤλυθε Τανταλίδαις, οἰκτρότατα θοινάματα καὶ 815σφάγια γενναίων τεκέων· ὅθεν φόνῳ φόνος ἐξαμεί- βων διʼ αἵματος οὐ προλεί- πει δισσοῖσιν Ἀτρείδαις.

The great prosperity and the prowess, proudly boasted throughout Hellas and by the streams of Simois, went back again from good fortune for the Atreidae long ago, from an old misfortune to their house, when strife came to the sons of Tantalus over a golden ram, to end in most pitiable banqueting and the slaughter of high-born children; and this is why murder exchanges for murder, through blood, and does not leave the two Atreidae.

Chorus

819τὸ καλὸν οὐ καλόν, τοκέων 820πυριγενεῖ τεμεῖν παλάμᾳ χρόα μελάνδετον δὲ φόνῳ ξίφος ἐς αὐγὰς ἀελίοιο δεῖξαι· τὸ δʼ εὖ κακουργεῖν ἀσέβεια ποικίλα κακοφρόνων τʼ ἀνδρῶν παράνοια. 825θανάτου γὰρ ἀμφὶ φόβῳ Τυνδαρὶς ἰάχησε τάλαι- να· Τέκνον, οὐ τολμᾷς ὅσια κτείνων σὰν ματέρα· μὴ πατρῴ- αν τιμῶν χάριν ἐξανά- 830ψῃ δύσκλειαν ἐς αἰεί.

What seemed good was not good, to cut a mother’s flesh with ruthless hand and show the sword stained black with blood to the sun’s bright beams; to commit a noble crime is an impious, subtle, malignant madness! The wretched daughter of Tyndareus in terror of death screamed to him: My son, this is unholy, your bold attempt upon your mother’s life; do not, while honoring your father, fasten on yourself an eternity of shame.

Chorus

831τίς νόσος ἢ τίνα δάκρυα καὶ τίς ἔλεος μείζων κατὰ γᾶν ἢ ματροκτόνον αἷμα χειρὶ θέσθαι; οἷον ἔργον τελέσας 835βεβάκχευται μανίαις, Εὐμενίσι θήραμα, φόνον δρομάσι δινεύων βλεφάροις, Ἀγαμεμνόνιος παῖς. ὦ μέλεος, ματρὸς ὅτε 840χρυσεοπηνήτων φαρέων μαστὸν ὑπερτέλλοντʼ ἐσιδὼν σφάγιον ἔθετο ματέρα, πατρῴ- ων παθέων ἀμοιβάν.

What affliction on earth surpasses this? What calls for keener grief or pity, than to shed with your hand a mother’s blood? Oh! what a dreadful crime he committed, and now is raving mad, a prey to the Furies, whirling blood with racing eyes, the son of Agamemnon! O the wretch! when he saw a mother’s bosom over her robe of golden weave, and yet he made her his victim, in recompense for his father’s sufferings.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.