Aeschylus · Libation Bearers Χοηφόροι

Aeschylus, Libation Bearers 479–584: End of the kommos: Clytaemestra's dream and Orestes' plan

Orestes and Electra pray that their father will send up help and send Justice to fight for them. The Chorus tell why Clytaemestra sent the libations: she dreamed that she gave birth to a serpent and nursed it, and that it drew blood with her milk. Orestes takes the dream as a sign that he will kill her, and says that he and Pylades will come to the palace gate disguised as strangers, and that Electra must go in and keep their plan secret.

Lines 479–584 · 1128 words · click a number to copy its link
Ὀρέστης 479πάτερ, τρόποισιν οὐ τυραννικοῖς θανών, 480αἰτουμένῳ μοι δὸς κράτος τῶν σῶν δόμων. Ἠλέκτρα κἀγώ, πάτερ, τοιάνδε σου χρείαν ἔχω, φυγεῖν μέγαν προσθεῖσαν Αἰγίσθῳ φθόρον. Ὀρέστης οὕτω γὰρ ἄν σοι δαῖτες ἔννομοι βροτῶν κτιζοίατʼ· εἰ δὲ μή, παρʼ εὐδείπνοις ἔσῃ 485ἄτιμος ἐμπύροισι κνισωτοῖς χθονός. Ἠλέκτρα κἀγὼ χοάς σοι τῆς ἐμῆς παγκληρίας οἴσω πατρῴων ἐκ δόμων γαμηλίους· πάντων δὲ πρῶτον τόνδε πρεσβεύσω τάφον. Ὀρέστης ὦ Γαῖʼ, ἄνες μοι πατέρʼ ἐποπτεῦσαι μάχην. Ἠλέκτρα 490ὦ Περσέφασσα, δὸς δʼ ἔτʼ εὔμορφον κράτος. Ὀρέστης μέμνησο λουτρῶν οἷς ἐνοσφίσθης, πάτερ. Ἠλέκτρα μέμνησο δʼ ἀμφίβληστρον ὡς ἐκαίνισαν. Ὀρέστης πέδαις δʼ ἀχαλκεύτοις ἐθηρεύθης, πάτερ. Ἠλέκτρα αἰσχρῶς τε βουλευτοῖσιν ἐν καλύμμασιν. Ὀρέστης 495ἆρʼ ἐξεγείρῃ τοῖσδʼ ὀνείδεσιν, πάτερ; Ἠλέκτρα ἆρʼ ὀρθὸν αἴρεις φίλτατον τὸ σὸν κάρα; Ὀρέστης ἤτοι δίκην ἴαλλε σύμμαχον φίλοις, ἢ τὰς ὁμοίας ἀντίδος λαβὰς λαβεῖν, εἴπερ κρατηθείς γʼ ἀντινικῆσαι θέλεις. Ἠλέκτρα 500καὶ τῆσδʼ ἄκουσον λοισθίου βοῆς, πάτερ, ἰδὼν νεοσσοὺς τούσδʼ ἐφημένους τάφῳ· οἴκτιρε θῆλυν ἄρσενός θʼ ὁμοῦ γόνον, καὶ μὴ ʼξαλείψῃς σπέρμα Πελοπιδῶν τόδε οὕτω γὰρ οὐ τέθνηκας οὐδὲ περ θανών· 505παῖδες γὰρ ἀνδρὶ κληδόνες σωτήριοι θανόντι· φελλοὶ δʼ ὣς ἄγουσι δίκτυον, τὸν ἐκ βυθοῦ κλωστῆρα σῴζοντες λίνου. ἄκουʼ, ὑπὲρ σοῦ τοιάδʼ ἔστʼ ὀδύρματα. αὐτὸς δὲ σῴζῃ τόνδε τιμήσας λόγον.

Orestes O father, who perished by a death unbefitting a king, grant in answer to my prayer the lordship over your halls!

Electra And I too, father, have a like request of you: to escape when I have wrought great destruction on Aegisthus.

Orestes Yes, for then the customary funeral feasts of men would be established in your honor. But otherwise, at the rich and savory banquet of burnt offerings made to the earth, you will be without a portion of honor.

Electra And I will likewise at my wedding offer libations to you out of the fullness of my inheritance from my father’s house, and before all else I will hold this tomb of yours in the highest honor.

Orestes O Earth, send up my father to watch my battle!

Electra O Persephone, grant us indeed a glorious victory!

Orestes Father, remember the bath where you were robbed of life.

Electra And remember how they devised a strange net to cast about you.

Orestes You were caught, my father, in fetters forged by no smith’s hand.

Electra And in a fabric shamefully devised.

Orestes Father, are you not roused by taunts such as these?

Electra Are you not raising that dearest head of yours?

Orestes Either send Justice to battle for those dear to you, or grant us in turn to get a similar grip on them, if indeed after defeat you would in turn win victory.

Electra So listen, father, to this last appeal of mine as you behold these fledglings crouching at your tomb. Have compassion on your offspring, on the woman and on the man as well, and let not this seed of Pelops’ line be blotted out: for then, in spite of death, you are not dead. For children are voices of salvation to a man, though he is dead; like corks, they buoy up the net, saving the flaxen cord from out of the deep. Hear! For your own sake we make this lament. By honoring this plea of ours you save yourself.

Χορός 510καὶ μὴν ἀμεμφῆ τόνδʼ ἐτείνατον λόγον, τίμημα τύμβου τῆς ἀνοιμώκτου τύχης. τὰ δʼ ἄλλʼ, ἐπειδὴ δρᾶν κατώρθωσαι φρενί, ἔρδοις ἂν ἤδη δαίμονος πειρώμενος. Ὀρέστης ἔσται· πυθέσθαι δʼ οὐδέν ἐστʼ ἔξω δρόμου, 515πόθεν χοὰς ἔπεμψεν, ἐκ τίνος λόγου μεθύστερον τιμῶσʼ ἀνήκεστον πάθος; θανόντι δʼ οὐ φρονοῦντι δειλαία χάρις ἐπέμπετʼ· οὐκ ἔχοιμʼ ἂν εἰκάσαι τόδε. τὰ δῶρα μείω δʼ ἐστὶ τῆς ἁμαρτίας. 520τὰ πάντα γάρ τις ἐκχέας ἀνθʼ αἵματος ἑνός, μάτην ὁ μόχθος· ὧδʼ ἔχει λόγος. θέλοντι δʼ, εἴπερ οἶσθʼ, ἐμοὶ φράσον τάδε. Χορός οἶδʼ, ὦ τέκνον, παρῆ γάρ· ἔκ τʼ ὀνειράτων καὶ νυκτιπλάγκτων δειμάτων πεπαλμένη 525χοὰς ἔπεμψε τάσδε δύσθεος γυνή. Ὀρέστης ἦ καὶ πέπυσθε τοὔναρ, ὥστʼ ὀρθῶς φράσαι; Χορός τεκεῖν δράκοντʼ ἔδοξεν, ὡς αὐτὴ λέγει. Ὀρέστης καὶ ποῖ τελευτᾷ καὶ καρανοῦται λόγος; Χορός ἐν σπαργάνοισι παιδὸς ὁρμίσαι δίκην. Ὀρέστης 530τίνος βορᾶς χρῄζοντα, νεογενὲς δάκος; Χορός αὐτὴ προσέσχε μαζὸν ἐν τὠνείρατι. Ὀρέστης καὶ πῶς ἄτρωτον οὖθαρ ἦν ὑπὸ στύγους; Χορός ὥστʼ ἐν γάλακτι θρόμβον αἵματος σπάσαι. Ὀρέστης οὔτοι μάταιον· ἀνδρὸς ὄψανον πέλει. Χορός 535ἡ δʼ ἐξ ὕπνου κέκλαγγεν ἐπτοημένη. πολλοὶ δʼ ἀνῇθον, ἐκτυφλωθέντες σκότῳ, λαμπτῆρες ἐν δόμοισι δεσποίνης χάριν· πέμπει τʼ ἔπειτα τάσδε κηδείους χοάς, ἄκος τομαῖον ἐλπίσασα πημάτων.

Chorus In truth you have drawn out this plea of yours to your own content in showing honor to this unlamented tomb. As for the rest, since your heart is rightly set on action, put your fortune to the test and get to your work at once.

Orestes It will be so. But it is in no way amiss to inquire how, from what motive, she came to send her libations, seeking too late to make amends for an irremediable deed. They would be a sorry gift to send to the senseless dead: I cannot guess what they mean. The gifts are too paltry for her offence. For though a man may pour out all he has in atonement for one deed of blood, it is wasted effort. So the saying goes. If indeed you know, tell me: I wish to learn.

Chorus I know, my child, for I was there. It was because she was shaken by dreams and wandering terrors of the night that she sent these offerings, godless woman that she is.

Orestes And have you learned the nature of the dream so as to tell it properly?

Chorus She dreamed she gave birth to a serpent: that is her own account.

Orestes And where does the tale end, and what is its consummation?

Chorus She laid it to rest as if it were a child, in swaddling clothes.

Orestes What food did it crave, the newborn viper?

Chorus In her dream she offered it her own breast.

Orestes Surely her nipple was not unwounded by the loathsome beast?

Chorus No: it drew in clotted blood with the milk.

Orestes Truly it is not without meaning: the vision signifies a man!

Chorus Then from out of her sleep she raised a shriek and awoke appalled, and many lamps that had been blinded in the darkness flared up in the house to cheer our mistress. Then she sent these libations for the dead in the hope that they might be an effective cure for her distress.

Ὀρέστης 540ἀλλʼ εὔχομαι γῇ τῇδε καὶ πατρὸς τάφῳ τοὔνειρον εἶναι τοῦτʼ ἐμοὶ τελεσφόρον. κρίνω δέ τοί νιν ὥστε συγκόλλως ἔχειν. εἰ γὰρ τὸν αὐτὸν χῶρον ἐκλιπὼν ἐμοὶ οὕφις ἐμοῖσι σπαργάνοις ὡπλίζετο, 545καὶ μαστὸν ἀμφέχασκʼ ἐμὸν θρεπτήριον, θρόμβῳ δʼ ἔμειξεν αἵματος φίλον γάλα, ἡ δʼ ἀμφὶ τάρβει τῷδʼ ἐπῴμωξεν πάθει, δεῖ τοί νιν, ὡς ἔθρεψεν ἔκπαγλον τέρας, θανεῖν βιαίως· ἐκδρακοντωθεὶς δʼ ἐγὼ 550κτείνω νιν, ὡς τοὔνειρον ἐννέπει τόδε. Χορός τερασκόπον δὴ τῶνδέ σʼ αἱροῦμαι πέρι. γένοιτο δʼ οὕτως. τἄλλα δʼ ἐξηγοῦ φίλοις, τοὺς μέν τι ποιεῖν, τοὺς δὲ μή τι δρᾶν λέγων. Ὀρέστης ἁπλοῦς ὁ μῦθος· τήνδε μὲν στείχειν ἔσω, 555αἰνῶ δὲ κρύπτειν τάσδε συνθήκας ἐμάς, ὡς ἂν δόλῳ κτείναντες ἄνδρα τίμιον δόλοισι καὶ ληφθῶσιν ἐν ταὐτῷ βρόχῳ θανόντες, καὶ Λοξίας ἐφήμισεν, ἄναξ Ἀπόλλων, μάντις ἀψευδὴς τὸ πρίν. 560ξένῳ γὰρ εἰκώς, παντελῆ σαγὴν ἔχων, ἥξω σὺν ἀνδρὶ τῷδʼ ἐφʼ ἑρκείους πύλας Πυλάδῃ, ξένος τε καὶ δορύξενος δόμων. ἄμφω δὲ φωνὴν ἥσομεν Παρνησσίδα, γλώσσης ἀυτὴν Φωκίδος μιμουμένω. 565καὶ δὴ θυρωρῶν οὔτις ἂν φαιδρᾷ φρενὶ δέξαιτʼ, ἐπειδὴ δαιμονᾷ δόμος κακοῖς· μενοῦμεν οὕτως ὥστʼ ἐπεικάζειν τινὰ δόμους παραστείχοντα καὶ τάδʼ ἐννέπειν· τί δὴ πύλαισι τὸν ἱκέτην ἀπείργεται 570Αἴγισθος, εἴπερ οἶδεν ἔνδημος παρών; εἰ δʼ οὖν ἀμείψω βαλὸν ἑρκείων πυλῶν κἀκεῖνον ἐν θρόνοισιν εὑρήσω πατρός, ἢ καὶ μολὼν ἔπειτά μοι κατὰ στόμα ἀρεῖ, σάφʼ ἴσθι, καὶ κατʼ ὀφθαλμοὺς βαλεῖ, 575πρὶν αὐτὸν εἰπεῖν ποδαπὸς ὁ ξένος; νεκρὸν θήσω, ποδώκει περιβαλὼν χαλκεύματι. φόνου δʼ Ἐρινὺς οὐχ ὑπεσπανισμένη ἄκρατον αἷμα πίεται τρίτην πόσιν. νῦν οὖν σὺ μὲν φύλασσε τἀν οἴκῳ καλῶς, 580ὅπως ἂν ἀρτίκολλα συμβαίνῃ τάδε· ὑμῖν δʼ ἐπαινῶ γλῶσσαν εὔφημον φέρειν, σιγᾶν θʼ ὅπου δεῖ καὶ λέγειν τὰ καίρια. τὰ δʼ ἄλλα τούτῳ δεῦρʼ ἐποπτεῦσαι λέγω, ξιφηφόρους ἀγῶνας ὀρθώσαντί μοι.

Orestes Well then, I pray to this earth and to my father’s grave that this dream may come to its fulfilment in me. As I understand it, it fits at every point. For if the snake left the same place as I; if it was furnished with my swaddling clothes; if it sought to open its mouth to take the breast that nourished me and mixed the sweet milk with clotted blood while she shrieked for terror at this, then surely, as she has nourished a portentous thing of horror, she must die by violence. For I, turned serpent, am her killer, as this dream declares.

Chorus I choose your reading of this portent. Let it be so. As for the rest, give your friends their parts. Tell some what to do, others what to leave undone.

Orestes It is a simple story. My sister must go inside, and I charge her to keep concealed this pact with me, so that as by craft they killed a worthy man, so by craft they may likewise be caught and perish in the very same snare, even as Loxias decreed, lord Apollo, the prophet who has never before been false. In the guise of a stranger, one fully equipped, I will come to the outer gate, and with me Pylades, whom you see here, as a guest and ally of the house. Both of us will speak the speech of Parnassus, imitating the accent of a Phocian tongue. And in case none of the keepers of the door will give us a hearty welcome on the plea that the house is afflicted with trouble by the gods, then we will wait so that anyone passing the house will consider and say: Why then does Aegisthus have his door shut on his suppliant, if in fact he is at home and knows? But if I indeed pass the outermost threshold of the gate and find that man sitting on my father’s throne, or if then coming face to face with me he lifts and casts down his eyes, know well: before he can even say Of what land is this stranger? I will skewer him with my swift sword and lay him dead. The fury that has no fill of slaughter shall for her third and crowning drink drink unmixed blood! Now you, Electra, keep strict watch over what happens inside the house, so that our plans may fit together well. You had best keep a discreet tongue: be silent when there is need and speak only what the occasion demands. As for the rest, I call on him to cast his glance this way and direct the contest of the sword for me.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Herbert Weir Smyth (modernised by Perseus) (1926). Original text: Greek text: Herbert Weir Smyth (ed. and trans.), Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1926, as digitised by Perseus. English: Herbert Weir Smyth, Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1926 (Perseus's modernised version of Smyth's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.