Euripides · Orestes Ὀρέστης

Euripides, Orestes 1621–1693: Exodos: Apollo appears and settles the quarrel

Menelaus calls on the Argives to take arms, and Apollo appears and tells him to calm his anger, since he saved Helen by the bidding of Zeus and she is to become a goddess. He orders Orestes to spend a year in exile and then to be tried at Athens, and to marry Hermione. Pylades is to marry Electra, and the quarrel ends in a truce.

Lines 1621–1693 · 630 words · click a number to copy its link

Menelaus

1621ὦ γαῖα Δαναῶν ἱππίου τʼ Ἄργους κτίται, οὐκ εἶʼ ἐνόπλῳ ποδὶ βοηδρομήσετε; πᾶσαν γὰρ ὑμῶν ὅδε βιάζεται πόλιν ζῆν, αἷμα μητρὸς μυσαρὸν ἐξειργασμένος.

O Danaid earth! Dwellers in Argos, city of horses, put on your armor and come to help! For this fellow is forcing his life from your whole city, though he has caused pollution by shedding his mother’s blood.

Apollo

1625Μενέλαε, παῦσαι λῆμʼ ἔχων τεθηγμένον· Φοῖβός σʼ ὁ Λητοῦς παῖς ὅδʼ ἐγγὺς ὢν καλῶ· σύ θʼ ὃς ξιφήρης τῇδʼ ἐφεδρεύεις κόρῃ, Ὀρέσθʼ, ἵνʼ εἰδῇς οὓς φέρων ἥκω λόγους. Ἑλένην μὲν ἣν σὺ διολέσαι πρόθυμος ὢν 1630ἥμαρτες, ὀργὴν Μενέλεῳ ποιούμενος, ἐγώ νιν ἐξέσῳσα κἀπὸ φασγάνου τοῦ σοῦ κελευσθεὶς ἥρπασʼ ἐκ Διὸς πατρός. 1635Ζηνὸς γὰρ οὖσαν ζῆν νιν ἄφθιτον χρεών, Κάστορί τε Πολυδεύκει τʼ ἐν αἰθέρος πτυχαῖς σύνθακος ἔσται, ναυτίλοις σωτήριος. ἄλλην δὲ νύμφην ἐς δόμους κτῆσαι λαβών, ἐπεὶ θεοὶ τῷ τῆσδε καλλιστεύματι 1640Ἕλληνας εἰς ἓν καὶ Φρύγας συνήγαγον, θανάτους τʼ ἔθηκαν, ὡς ἀπαντλοῖεν χθονὸς ὕβρισμα θνητῶν ἀφθόνου πληρώματος. τὰ μὲν καθʼ Ἑλένην ὧδʼ ἔχει· σὲ δʼ αὖ χρεών, Ὀρέστα, γαίας τῆσδʼ ὑπερβαλόνθʼ ὅρους 1645Παρράσιον οἰκεῖν δάπεδον ἐνιαυτοῦ κύκλον. κεκλήσεται δὲ σῆς φυγῆς ἐπώνυμον Ἀζᾶσιν Ἀρκάσιν τʼ Ὀρέστειον καλεῖν. ἐνθένδε δʼ ἐλθὼν τὴν Ἀθηναίων πόλιν δίκην ὑπόσχες αἵματος μητροκτόνου 1650Εὐμενίσι τρισσαῖς· θεοὶ δέ σοι δίκης βραβῆς πάγοισιν ἐν Ἀρείοισιν εὐσεβεστάτην ψῆφον διοίσουσʼ, ἔνθα νικῆσαί σε χρή. ἐφʼ ἧς δʼ ἔχεις, Ὀρέστα, φάσγανον δέρῃ, γῆμαι πέπρωταί σʼ Ἑρμιόνην· ὃς δʼ οἴεται 1655Νεοπτόλεμος γαμεῖν νιν, οὐ γαμεῖ ποτε. θανεῖν γὰρ αὐτῷ μοῖρα Δελφικῷ ξίφει, δίκας Ἀχιλλέως πατρὸς ἐξαιτοῦντά με. Πυλάδῃ δʼ ἀδελφῆς λέκτρον, ὥς ποτʼ ᾔνεσας, δός· ὁ δʼ ἐπιών νιν βίοτος εὐδαίμων μένει. 1660Ἄργους δʼ Ὀρέστην, Μενέλεως, ἔα κρατεῖν, ἐλθὼν δʼ ἄνασσε Σπαρτιάτιδος χθονός, φερνὰς ἔχων δάμαρτος, ἥ σε μυρίοις πόνοις διδοῦσα δεῦρʼ ἀεὶ διήνυσεν. τὰ πρὸς πόλιν δὲ τῷδʼ ἐγὼ θήσω καλῶς, 1665ὅς νιν φονεῦσαι μητέρʼ ἐξηνάγκασα.

Menelaus, calm your anger that has been whetted; I am Phoebus, the son of Leto, drawing near to call you by name. And you also, Orestes, who are keeping guard on the girl, sword in hand, so that you may hear what I have come to say. Helen, whom all your eagerness failed to destroy, when you were seeking to anger Menelaus, I saved her and snatched her from beneath your sword at the bidding of father Zeus, for she, his child, must be immortal, and take her seat with Castor and Polydeuces in the enfolding air, a savior to mariners. Choose another bride and take her to your home; for the gods by that one’s loveliness joined Troy and Hellas in battle, causing death so that they might draw off from the earth the outrage of unstinting numbers of mortals. So much for Helen; as for you, Orestes, you must cross the borders of this land and dwell for one whole year on Parrhasian soil, which from your flight shall be called the land of Orestes by Azanians and Arcadians. And when you return from there to the city of Athens, undergo your trial by the Avenging Three for your mother’s murder; the gods will be arbitrators of your trial, and will take a most righteous vote on you at the hill of Ares, where you are to win your case. And it is destined, Orestes, that you will marry Hermione, at whose neck you are holding your sword; Neoptolemus shall never marry her, though he thinks he will; for he is fated to die by a Delphian sword, when he claims satisfaction of me for the death of his father Achilles. Give your sister in marriage to Pylades, to whom you formerly promised her; the life awaiting him is one of happiness. Menelaus, leave Orestes to rule Argos; go and reign over the Spartan land, keeping it as the dowry of a wife who till this day never ceased causing you innumerable troubles. I will set matters straight between Orestes and the citizens, for I forced him to murder his mother.

Ὀρέστης 1666ὦ Λοξία μαντεῖε, σῶν θεσπισμάτων. οὐ ψευδόμαντις ἦσθʼ ἄρʼ, ἀλλʼ ἐτήτυμος. καίτοι μʼ ἐσῄει δεῖμα, μή τινος κλύων ἀλαστόρων δόξαιμι σὴν κλύειν ὄπα. 1670ἀλλʼ εὖ τελεῖται, πείσομαι δὲ σοῖς λόγοις. ἰδού, μεθίημʼ Ἑρμιόνην ἀπὸ σφαγῆς, καὶ λέκτρʼ ἐπῄνεσʼ, ἡνίκʼ ἂν διδῷ πατήρ. Μενέλαος ὦ Ζηνὸς Ἑλένη χαῖρε παῖ· ζηλῶ δέ σε θεῶν κατοικήσασαν ὄλβιον δόμον. 1675Ὀρέστα, σοὶ δὲ παῖδʼ ἐγὼ κατεγγυῶ, Φοίβου λέγοντος· εὐγενὴς δʼ ἀπʼ εὐγενοῦς γήμας ὄναιο καὶ σὺ χὡ διδοὺς ἐγώ. Ἀπόλλων χωρεῖτέ νυν ἕκαστος οἷ προστάσσομεν, νείκας τε διαλύεσθε. Μενέλαος πείθεσθαι χρεών. Ὀρέστης 1680κἀγὼ τοιοῦτος· σπένδομαι δὲ συμφοραῖς, Μενέλαε, καὶ σοῖς, Λοξία, θεσπίσμασιν.

Orestes Hail, prophetic Loxias, for your oracles! You were not a lying prophet after all, but a true seer; and yet I was afraid that it was some fiend I had listened to, when I seemed to hear your voice; but all is ending well, and I obey your word. There! I release Hermione from slaughter and agree to make her my wife whenever her father gives her.

Menelaus All hail, Helen, daughter of Zeus! I wish you joy of your home in heaven’s happy courts. To you, Orestes, I betroth my daughter, as Phoebus said; being noble yourself, may you have benefit from a noble wife, and may I also, in giving her to you.

Apollo Go now each one to the place appointed by me; reconcile your quarrels.

Menelaus I must obey.

Orestes And so must I; I make a truce with my fate, Menelaus, and with your oracles, Loxias.

Ἀπόλλων 1682ἴτε νυν καθʼ ὁδόν, τὴν καλλίστην θεῶν Εἰρήνην τιμῶντες· ἐγὼ δʼ Ἑλένην Δίοις μελάθροις πελάσω, 1685λαμπρῶν ἄστρων πόλον ἐξανύσας, ἔνθα παρʼ Ἥρᾳ τῇ θʼ Ἡρακλέους Ἥβῃ πάρεδρος θεὸς ἀνθρώποις ἔσται σπονδαῖς ἔντιμος ἀεί, σὺν Τυνδαρίδαις, τοῖς Διὸς υἱοῖς, 1690ναύταις μεδέουσα θαλάσσης. Χορός ὦ μέγα σεμνὴ Νίκη, τὸν ἐμὸν βίοτον κατέχοις καὶ μὴ λήγοις στεφανοῦσα.

Apollo Go your ways, and honor Peace, fairest of goddesses; I will bring Helen to the halls of Zeus, when I have come to the sky, bright with stars. There, enthroned beside Hera and Hebe, the bride of Heracles, she will be honored by men with libations as a goddess for ever; along with those Zeus-born sons of Tyndareus, she will be a guardian of the sea, for the good of sailors.

Chorus Greatly revered Victory, may you occupy my life, and never cease to crown me!

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.