Sophocles · Electra Ἠλέκτρα

Sophocles, Electra 155–250: Parodos (cont.): the Chorus consoles Electra

The Chorus tell her that she is not the only mortal to suffer, and that Orestes lives and will come, but Electra answers that she waits year after year, childless and unwed, and serves in her father's halls like a slave. The Chorus recall the murder of Agamemnon at his banquet, and Electra says that the killers must pay for it, or shame and reverence will vanish from the world. The Chorus urge her to say no more, since such strife is dangerous against the powerful, but she says that she will not stop her cries while she lives.

Lines 155–250 · 667 words · click a number to copy its link
Χορός 155ἄχος ἐφάνη βροτῶν, πρὸς ὅ τι σὺ τῶν ἔνδον εἶ περισσά, οἷς ὁμόθεν εἶ καὶ γονᾷ ξύναιμος, οἵα Χρυσόθεμις ζώει καὶ Ἰφιάνασσα, κρυπτᾷ τʼ ἀχέων ἐν ἥβᾳ, 160ὄλβιος, ὃν ἁ κλεινὰ γᾶ ποτε Μυκηναίων δέξεται εὐπατρίδαν, Διὸς εὔφρονι βήματι μολόντα τάνδε γᾶν Ὀρέσταν. Ἠλέκτρα ὅν γʼ ἐγὼ ἀκάματα προσμένουσʼ, ἄτεκνος, 165τάλαινʼ, ἀνύμφευτος αἰὲν οἰχνῶ, δάκρυσι μυδαλέα, τὸν ἀνήνυτον οἶτον ἔχουσα κακῶν· ὁ δὲ λάθεται ὧν τʼ ἔπαθʼ ὧν τʼ ἐδάη. τί γὰρ οὐκ ἐμοὶ 170ἔρχεται ἀγγελίας ἀπατώμενον; ἀεὶ μὲν γὰρ ποθεῖ, ποθῶν δʼ οὐκ ἀξιοῖ φανῆναι. Χορός θάρσει μοι, θάρσει, τέκνον.

Chorus Not to you alone of mortals, my daughter, has sorrow come, though you face it with less restraint than those girls inside, Chrysothemis and Iphianassa, whose parents and blood you share. They still live, as he, too, lives, sorrowing in his secluded youth, yet happy in that this famous realm of the Mycenaeans shall one day receive him as a noble lord, if with the blessing of Zeus’s escort he, Orestes, returns to this land.

Electra Yes, I await him with unwearied longing, as I walk my sad path from day to day childless and unwed, bathed in tears, bearing that endless doom of evils. But he forgets all that he has suffered and learned. What message comes to me that is not proven false? He constantly desires to be with us, but though he desires it, he does not choose to appear.

Χορός 175ἔτι μέγας οὐρανῷ Ζεύς, ὃς ἐφορᾷ πάντα καὶ κρατύνει· ᾧ τὸν ὑπεραλγῆ χόλον νέμουσα μήθʼ οἷς ἐχθαίρεις ὑπεράχθεο μήτʼ ἐπιλάθου· χρόνος γὰρ εὐμαρὴς θεός. 180οὔτε γὰρ ὁ τὰν Κρῖσαν βούνομον ἔχων ἀκτὰν παῖς Ἀγαμεμνονίδας ἀπερίτροπος οὔθʼ ὁ παρὰ τὸν Ἀχέροντα θεὸς ἀνάσσων. Ἠλέκτρα 185ἀλλʼ ἐμὲ μὲν ὁ πολὺς ἀπολέλοιπεν ἤδη βίοτος ἀνέλπιστος, οὐδʼ ἔτʼ ἀρκῶ· ἅτις ἄνευ τεκέων κατατάκομαι, ἇς φίλος οὔτις ἀνὴρ ὑπερίσταται, ἀλλʼ ἁπερεί τις ἔποικος ἀναξία 190οἰκονομῶ θαλάμους πατρός, ὧδε μὲν ἀεικεῖ σὺν στολᾷ, κεναῖς δʼ ἀμφίσταμαι τραπέζαις.

Chorus Courage, my daughter, courage; Zeus in the sky is still mighty, and he sees and rules all. Leave your oversharp anger to him; be neither excessively hostile to those you hate, nor forgetful of them, since Time is a god who brings ease. Neither the son of Agamemnon, who dwells by Crisa’s cattle-feeding shore nor the god who reigns beside Acheron is unmindful of you.

Electra But the best part of life has passed away leaving me in hopelessness, and I have no strength left. I waste away without children and have no loving husband to champion me, but like some despised foreign slave, I serve in the halls of my father, wrapped in shabby garments and standing to eat scanty meals.

Χορός 193οἰκτρὰ μὲν νόστοις αὐδά, οἰκτρὰ δʼ ἐν κοίταις πατρῴαις 195ὅτε οἱ παγχάλκων ἀνταία γενύων ὡρμάθη πλαγά. δόλος ἦν ὁ φράσας, ἔρος ὁ κτείνας, δεινὰν δεινῶς προφυτεύσαντες μορφάν, εἴτʼ οὖν θεὸς εἴτε βροτῶν 200ἦν ὁ ταῦτα πράσσων. Ἠλέκτρα ὦ πασᾶν κείνα πλέον ἁμέρα ἐλθοῦσʼ ἐχθίστα δή μοι· ὦ νύξ, ὦ δείπνων ἀρρήτων ἔκπαγλʼ ἄχθη, 205τοὺς ἐμὸς ἴδε πατὴρ θανάτους αἰκεῖς διδύμαιν χειροῖν, αἳ τὸν ἐμὸν εἷλον βίον πρόδοτον, αἵ μʼ ἀπώλεσαν· οἷς θεὸς ὁ μέγας Ὀλύμπιος 210ποίνιμα πάθεα παθεῖν πόροι, μηδέ ποτʼ ἀγλαΐας ἀποναίατο τοιάδʼ ἀνύσαντες ἔργα.

Chorus Mournful was the voice heard at his return, and mournful the voice amidst your father’s reclining banquet when the straight, swift blow of the bronze-jawed axe was sped against him. Deceit was the plotter, Lust the slayer, two dread parents of a dreadful phantom, whether it was god or mortal that did this deed.

Electra O that hated day, hated beyond all that have come to me; O that night, the terrible grief of that unutterable feast, the shameless death-strokes my father saw from their twin hands, hands which took my life captive by treachery, which cast me to ruin! May the great god of Olympus create for them sufferings in penalty, and may they never have enjoyment of their splendor since they have committed such crimes!

Χορός 213φράζου μὴ πόρσω φωνεῖν. οὐ γνώμαν ἴσχεις ἐξ οἵων 215τὰ παρόντʼ οἰκείας εἰς ἄτας ἐμπίπτεις οὕτως αἰκῶς; πολὺ γάρ τι κακῶν ὑπερεκτήσω, σᾷ δυσθύμῳ τίκτουσʼ ἀεὶ ψυχᾷ πολέμους· τὰ δὲ τοῖς δυνατοῖς 220οὐκ ἐριστὰ πλάθειν. Ἠλέκτρα δεινοῖς ἠναγκάσθην, δεινοῖς· ἔξοιδʼ, οὐ λάθει μʼ ὀργά. ἀλλʼ ἐν γὰρ δεινοῖς οὐ σχήσω ταύτας ἄτας, 225ὄφρα με βίος ἔχῃ. τίνι γάρ ποτʼ ἄν, ὦ φιλία γενέθλα, πρόσφορον ἀκούσαιμʼ ἔπος, τίνι φρονοῦντι καίρια; ἄνετέ μʼ ἄνετε, παράγοροι· τάδε γὰρ ἄλυτα κεκλήσεται, 230οὐδέ ποτʼ ἐκ καμάτων ἀποπαύσομαι ἀνάριθμος ὧδε θρήνων. Χορός ἀλλʼ οὖν εὐνοίᾳ γʼ αὐδῶ,

Chorus Be advised to say no more; do you not see by what actions under the present circumstances you plunge so shamefully into self-made miseries? You have far excelled in achieving misfortune, ever breeding wars in your hardhearted soul. But such strife should not be pushed into a conflict with the powerful.

Electra I have been forced to it, forced by a terrible compulsion. I know my own passion; it does not escape me; but, under such terrible compulsion, I will not restrain these disastrous cries of frenzy, so long as life is in me. Who indeed, my noble friends, who that keeps what is appropriate in mind, would think any word of comfort right for my ears? Let me be, let me be, my comforters! For these ills will be reckoned with those which have no cure; I will never know a respite from my pains, or the sum of this wailing.

Χορός 233μάτηρ ὡσεί τις πιστά, 235μὴ τίκτειν σʼ ἄταν ἄταις. Ἠλέκτρα καὶ τί μέτρον κακότατος ἔφυ; φέρε, πῶς ἐπὶ τοῖς φθιμένοις ἀμελεῖν καλόν; ἐν τίνι τοῦτʼ ἔβλαστʼ ἀνθρώπων; μήτʼ εἴην ἔντιμος τούτοις 240μήτʼ, εἴ τῳ πρόσκειμαι χρηστῷ, ξυνναίοιμʼ εὔκηλος, γονέων ἐκτίμους ἴσχουσα πτέρυγας ὀξυτόνων γόων. 245εἰ γὰρ ὁ μὲν θανὼν γᾶ τε καὶ οὐδὲν ὢν κείσεται τάλας, οἱ δὲ μὴ πάλιν δώσουσʼ ἀντιφόνους δίκας, ἔρροι τʼ ἂν αἰδὼς 250ἁπάντων τʼ εὐσέβεια θνατῶν.

Chorus It is nevertheless with goodwill, like a true-hearted mother, that I dissuade you from begetting misery upon miseries.

Electra But what limit has nature begot for my affliction? Tell me, how can it be right to neglect the dead? Has such a seed been sown in any mortal? May I never have such men’s esteem; never, when I am close to prosperity, may I dwell in ease, hindering the wings of shrill lamentation so as to deprive my begetter of his honors! For if the dead is to lie a wretch, merely dust and nothingness, while his slayers do not pay back to him blood for blood in penalty, then shame and reverence will vanish from all humanity.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1894). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Electra, Cambridge University Press, 1894 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.