Sophocles · Electra Ἠλέκτρα

Sophocles, Electra 934–1016: Third episode: Electra proposes to kill Aegisthus

Chrysothemis, hearing that Orestes is dead, asks what she can do. Electra asks her to help kill Aegisthus herself, promising that they will win praise and honour as free women, and a worthy marriage. Chrysothemis answers that they are women and have no strength against men, that the plan is hopeless and will bring greater evil, and the Chorus tell Electra to listen.

Lines 934–1016 · 792 words · click a number to copy its link
Χρυσόθεμις 934ὦ δυστυχής· ἐγὼ δὲ σὺν χαρᾷ λόγους 935τοιούσδʼ ἔχουσʼ ἔσπευδον, οὐκ εἰδυῖʼ ἄρα ἵνʼ ἦμεν ἄτης· ἀλλὰ νῦν, ὅθʼ ἱκόμην, τά τʼ ὄντα πρόσθεν ἄλλα θʼ εὑρίσκω κακά. Ἠλέκτρα οὕτως ἔχει σοι ταῦτʼ· ἐὰν δέ μοι πίθῃ, τῆς νῦν παρούσης πημονῆς λύσεις βάρος. Χρυσόθεμις 940ἦ τοὺς θανόντας ἐξαναστήσω ποτέ; Ἠλέκτρα οὐκ ἔσθʼ ὅ γʼ εἶπον· οὐ γὰρ ὧδʼ ἄφρων ἔφυν. Χρυσόθεμις τί γὰρ κελεύεις ὧν ἐγὼ φερέγγυος; Ἠλέκτρα τλῆναί σε δρῶσαν ἃν ἐγὼ παραινέσω. Χρυσόθεμις ἀλλʼ εἴ τις ὠφέλειά γʼ, οὐκ ἀπώσομαι. Ἠλέκτρα 945ὅρα, πόνου τοι χωρὶς οὐδὲν εὐτυχεῖ. Χρυσόθεμις ὁρῶ. ξυνοίσω πᾶν ὅσονπερ ἂν σθένω.

Chrysothemis Oh, my misfortune! And I was hurrying here with such joyous news, ignorant after all of our downfall. But now that I have arrived, I find fresh sorrows added to the old!

Electra So it stands with you. Yet if you will be persuaded by me, you will lighten the load of our present trouble.

Chrysothemis How can I ever raise the dead back to life?

Electra That is not what I meant; I was not born so foolish.

Chrysothemis What do you urge, then, of those things that I am capable of doing?

Electra That you be brave in executing what I recommend.

Chrysothemis If any good can be done, I will not refuse.

Electra Remember, nothing succeeds without toil.

Chrysothemis I know it, and I will share your burden with all my power.

Electra

947ἄκουε δή νυν ᾗ βεβούλευμαι ποεῖν. παρουσίαν μὲν οἶσθα καὶ σύ που φίλων ὡς οὔτις ἡμῖν ἔστιν, ἀλλʼ Ἅιδης λαβὼν 950ἀπεστέρηκε καὶ μόνα λελείμμεθον. ἐγὼ δʼ ἕως μὲν τὸν κασίγνητον βίῳ θάλλοντʼ ἔτʼ εἰσήκουον, εἶχον ἐλπίδας φόνου ποτʼ αὐτὸν πράκτορʼ ἵξεσθαι πατρός· νῦν δʼ ἡνίκʼ οὐκέτʼ ἔστιν, εἰς σὲ δὴ βλέπω, 955ὅπως τὸν αὐτόχειρα πατρῴου φόνου ξὺν τῇδʼ ἀδελφῇ μὴ κατοκνήσεις κτανεῖν Αἴγισθον· οὐδὲν γάρ σε δεῖ κρύπτειν μʼ ἔτι. ποῖ γὰρ μενεῖς ῥᾴθυμος, εἰς τίνʼ ἐλπίδων βλέψασʼ ἔτʼ ὀρθήν; ᾗ πάρεστι μὲν στένειν 960πλούτου πατρῴου κτῆσιν ἐστερημένῃ, πάρεστι δʼ ἀλγεῖν ἐς τοσόνδε τοῦ χρόνου ἄλεκτρα γηράσκουσαν ἀνυμέναιά τε. καὶ τῶνδε μέντοι μηκέτʼ ἐλπίσῃς ὅπως τεύξει ποτʼ· οὐ γὰρ ὧδʼ ἄβουλός ἐστʼ ἀνὴρ 965Αἴγισθος ὥστε σόν ποτʼ ἢ κἀμὸν γένος βλαστεῖν ἐᾶσαι, πημονὴν αὑτῷ σαφῆ. ἀλλʼ ἢν ἐπίσπῃ τοῖς ἐμοῖς βουλεύμασιν, πρῶτον μὲν εὐσέβειαν ἐκ πατρὸς κάτω θανόντος οἴσει τοῦ κασιγνήτου θʼ ἅμα· 970ἔπειτα δʼ, ὥσπερ ἐξέφυς, ἐλευθέρα καλεῖ τὸ λοιπὸν καὶ γάμων ἐπαξίων τεύξει· φιλεῖ γὰρ πρὸς τὰ χρηστὰ πᾶς ὁρᾶν. λόγων γε μὴν εὔκλειαν οὐχ ὁρᾷς ὅσην σαυτῇ τε κἀμοὶ προσβαλεῖς πεισθεῖσʼ ἐμοί; 975τίς γάρ ποτʼ ἀστῶν ἢ ξένων ἡμᾶς ἰδὼν τοιοῖσδʼ ἐπαίνοις οὐχὶ δεξιώσεται· ἴδεσθε τώδε τὼ κασιγνήτω, φίλοι, ὣ τὸν πατρῷον οἶκον ἐξεσωσάτην, ὣ τοῖσιν ἐχθροῖς εὖ βεβηκόσιν ποτὲ 980ψυχῆς ἀφειδήσαντε προὐστήτην φόνου· τούτω φιλεῖν χρή, τώδε χρὴ πάντας σέβειν, τώδʼ ἔν θʼ ἑορταῖς ἔν τε πανδήμῳ πόλει τιμᾶν ἅπαντας οὕνεκʼ ἀνδρείας χρεών. τοιαῦτά τοι νὼ πᾶς τις ἐξερεῖ βροτῶν, 985ζώσαιν θανούσαιν θʼ ὥστε μὴ ʼκλιπεῖν κλέος. ἀλλʼ, ὦ φίλη, πείσθητι, συμπόνει πατρί, σύγκαμνʼ ἀδελφῷ, παῦσον ἐκ κακῶν ἐμέ, παῦσον δὲ σαυτήν, τοῦτο γιγνώσκουσʼ ὅτι ζῆν αἰσχρὸν αἰσχρῶς τοῖς καλῶς πεφυκόσιν.

Hear, then, in what way I have decided to take action. As for the support of friends, you yourself doubtless know that we have none. Hades has taken our friends away, and we two are left alone. I, so long as I heard that my brother still lived and prospered, had hopes that he would yet come to avenge the murder of our father. But now that he is no more, I look next to you and ask that you not flinch from aiding me, your sister, to slay our father’s murderer, Aegisthus. There—I can have no secrets from you anymore. How long will you wait in indifference? What hope is left standing, to which your eyes can turn? Now you are right to complain that you are robbed of possession of your father’s estate; now you may mourn that you have advanced this far in years without wedded love or bridal song. And do not cling to hopes that you will ever meet with such joys. The man, Aegisthus, is not so unthinking as ever to permit that offspring should shoot up from you or from me either to be a certain bane for himself. But if you will follow my plans, first you will win praise for piety from our dead father below, and from our brother, too; next, you shall be called hereafter free, just as you were born, and shall find a worthy marriage. For noble natures draw the gaze of all. Then do you not see what fair fame you will procure for yourself and for me, by obeying me? What citizen or stranger when he sees us will not greet us with praises such as these: Behold these two sisters, my friends! They saved their father’s house, and at a time when their foes were firmly established, they took their lives in their hands and administered bloodshed! Worthy of love is this pair, worthy of reverence from all. At festivals, and wherever the citizenry is assembled, let these two be honored by all men for their manly courage. Thus will every one speak of us, so that in life and in death our glory shall not fail. Come, dear sister, be persuaded! Toil with our father, share the burden of your brother, put an end to my troubles and an end to yours, keeping in mind that a shameful life brings shame upon the noble-born.

Χορός 990ἐν τοῖς τοιούτοις ἐστὶν ἡ προμηθία καὶ τῷ λέγοντι καὶ κλύοντι σύμμαχος. Χρυσόθεμις καὶ πρίν γε φωνεῖν, ὦ γυναῖκες, εἰ φρενῶν ἐτύγχανʼ αὕτη μὴ κακῶν, ἐσῴζετʼ ἂν τὴν εὐλάβειαν, ὥσπερ οὐχὶ σῴζεται. 995ποῖ γάρ ποτʼ ἐμβλέψασα τοιοῦτον θράσος αὐτή θʼ ὁπλίζει κἄμʼ ὑπηρετεῖν καλεῖς; οὐκ εἰσορᾷς; γυνὴ μὲν οὐδʼ ἀνὴρ ἔφυς, σθένεις δʼ ἔλασσον τῶν ἐναντίων χερί. δαίμων δὲ τοῖς μὲν εὐτυχεῖ καθʼ ἡμέραν, 1000ἡμῖν δʼ ἀπορρεῖ κἀπὶ μηδὲν ἔρχεται. τίς οὖν τοιοῦτον ἄνδρα βουλεύων ἑλεῖν ἄλυπος ἄτης ἐξαπαλλαχθήσεται; ὅρα κακῶς πράσσοντε μὴ μείζω κακὰ κτησώμεθʼ, εἴ τις τούσδʼ ἀκούσεται λόγους. 1005λύει γὰρ ἡμῖν οὐδὲν οὐδʼ ἐπωφελεῖ βάξιν καλὴν λαβόντε δυσκλεῶς θανεῖν. οὐ γὰρ θανεῖν ἔχθιστον, ἀλλʼ ὅταν θανεῖν χρῄζων τις εἶτα μηδὲ τοῦτʼ ἔχῃ λαβεῖν. ἀλλʼ ἀντιάζω, πρὶν πανωλέθρους τὸ πᾶν 1010ἡμᾶς τʼ ὀλέσθαι κἀξερημῶσαι γένος, κατάσχες ὀργήν. καὶ τὰ μὲν λελεγμένα ἄρρητʼ ἐγώ σοι κἀτελῆ φυλάξομαι, αὐτὴ δὲ νοῦν σχὲς ἀλλὰ τῷ χρόνῳ ποτέ, σθένουσα μηδὲν τοῖς κρατοῦσιν εἰκαθεῖν.

Chorus In a crisis such as this, forethought is an ally both to those who speak and those who listen.

Chrysothemis Yes, I agree. And before she spoke, my friends, if she were blessed with a sound mind, she would have remembered caution, even as she does not now. Where can you have turned your eyes, that you arm yourself with such rashness and call me to serve beneath you? Do you not see? Your nature is a woman’s, not a man’s, and the strength of your hand is less than that of your adversaries. And their fortune prospers day by day, while ours ebbs and comes to nothing. Who, then, plotting to subdue such a man, would escape destruction unharmed? See to it that, badly as we fare now, we do not acquire greater evil, if any one hears this talk of yours. It brings us no relief or benefit, if after winning fair fame we die an ignominious death. For death is not the most odious thing; it is rather craving death, but lacking the means to die. No, I plead with you, before we are utterly, totally destroyed and before we leave our house desolate, restrain your rage! I will take care that your words remain secret and harmless for you. You in turn must get hold of good sense at long last and yield to the powerful since you have no strength.

Chorus

1015πείθου· προνοίας οὐδὲν ἀνθρώποις ἔφυ κέρδος λαβεῖν ἄμεινον οὐδὲ νοῦ σοφοῦ.

Listen to her. There is no better gain for mortals to win than foresight and a prudent mind.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Richard C. Jebb (modernised by Perseus) (1894). Original text: Greek text: Francis Storr (ed. and trans.), Sophocles, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Richard C. Jebb, Sophocles: The Plays and Fragments, The Electra, Cambridge University Press, 1894 (Perseus's modernised version of Jebb's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Electra 934–1016: Electra proposes to kill Aegisthus