Apollonius Rhodius · Argonautica Ἀργοναυτικά

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4.212–349: Aeetes' pursuit and the route home

Aeetes learns of Medea's flight and sends the Colchian fleet in pursuit, and the Argonauts sacrifice to Hecate on the coast of Paphlagonia. Argus advises a different way home by the river Ister, and a heavenly sign confirms it, but Apsyrtus' fleet takes a shorter way. The Argonauts, meeting them at the Brygean islands, agree that Jason keeps the Fleece and Medea is held in trust until a king decides her fate.

Lines 4.212–349 · 1418 words · click a number to copy its link
212ἤδη δʼ Αἰήτῃ ὑπερήνορι πᾶσί τε Κόλχοις Μηδείης περίπυστος ἔρως καὶ ἔργʼ ἐτέτυκτο. ἐς δʼ ἀγορὴν ἀγέροντʼ ἐνὶ τεύχεσιν· ὅσσα δὲ δέ πόντου 215κύματα χειμερίοιο κορύσσεται ἐξ ἀνέμοιο, ἢ ὅσα φύλλα χαμᾶζε περικλαδέος πέσεν ὕλης φυλλοχόῳ ἐνὶ μηνί—τίς ἂν τάδε τεκμήραιτο; ὧς οἱ ἀπειρέσιοι ποταμοῦ παρεμέτρεον ὄχθας, κλαγγῇ μαιμώοντες· ὁ δʼ εὐτύκτῳ ἐνὶ δίφρῳ 220Αἰήτης ἵπποισι μετέπρεπεν, οὕς οἱ ὄπασσεν ἠέλιος πνοιῇσιν ἐειδομένους ἀνέμοιο, σκαιῇ μέν ῥʼ ἐνὶ χειρὶ σάκος δινωτὸν ἀείρων, τῇ δʼ ἑτέρῃ πεύκην περιμήκεα· πὰρ δέ οἱ ἔγχος ἀντικρὺ τετάνυστο πελώριον. ἡνία δʼ ἵππων 225γέντο χεροῖν Ἄψυρτος. υπεκπρὸ δὲ πόντον ἔταμνεν νηῦς ἤδη κρατεροῖσιν ἐπειγομένη ἐρέτῃσιν, καὶ μεγάλου ποταμοῖο καταβλώσκοντι ῥεέθρῳ. αὐτὰρ ἄναξ ἄτῃ πολυπήμονι χεῖρας ἀείρας ἠέλιον καὶ Ζῆνα κακῶν ἐπιμάρτυρας ἔργων 230κέκλετο· δεινὰ δὲ παντὶ παρασχεδὸν ἤπυε λαῷ εἰ μή οἱ κούρην αὐτάγρετον, ἢ ἀνὰ γαῖαν, ἢ πλωτῆς εὑρόντες ἔτʼ εἰν ἁλὸς οἴδματι νῆα, ἄξουσιν, καὶ θυμὸν ἐνιπλήσει μενεαίνων τίσασθαι τάδε πάντα, δαήσονται κεφαλῇσιν 235πάντα χόλον καὶ πᾶσαν ἑὴν ὑποδέγμενοι ἄτην. ὧς ἔφατʼ Αἰήτης· αὐτῷ δʼ ἐνὶ ἤματι Κόλχοι νῆάς τʼ εἰρύσσαντο, καὶ ἄρμενα νηυσὶ βάλοντο, αὐτῷ δʼ ἤματι πόντον ἀνήιον· οὐδέ κε φαίης τόσσον νηίτην στόλον ἔμμεναι, ἀλλʼ οἰωνῶν 240ἰλαδὸν ἄσπετον ἔθνος ἐπιβρομέειν πελάγεσσιν.

By this time Medea’s love and deeds had become known to haughty Aeetes and to all the Colchians. And they thronged to the assembly in arms; and countless as the waves of the stormy sea when they rise crested by the wind, or as the leaves that fall to the ground from the wood with its myriad branches in the month when the leaves fall—who could reckon their tale?—so they in countless number poured along the banks of the river shouting in frenzy; and in his shapely chariot Aeetes shone forth above all with his steeds, the gift of Helios, swift as the blasts of the wind. In his left hand he raised his curved shield, and in his right a huge pine-torch, and near him in front stood up his mighty spear. And Apsyrtus held in his hands the reins of the steeds. But already the ship was cleaving the sea before her, urged on by stalwart oarsmen, and the stream of the mighty river rushing down. But the king in grievous anguish lifted his hands and called on Helios and Zeus to bear witness to their evil deeds; and terrible threats he uttered against all his people, that unless they should with their own hands seize the maiden, either on the land or still finding the ship on the swell of the open sea, and bring her back, that so he might satisfy his eager soul with vengeance for all those deeds, at the cost of their own lives they should learn and abide all his rage and revenge.

Thus spake Aeetes; and on that same day the Colchians launched their ships and cast the tackle on board, and on that same day sailed forth on the sea; thou wouldst not say so mighty a host was a fleet of ships, but that a countless flight of birds, swarm on swarm, was clamouring over the sea.

241οἱ δʼ ἀνέμου λαιψηρὰ θεᾶς βουλῇσιν ἀέντος Ἥρης, ὄφρʼ ὤκιστα κακὸν Πελίαο δόμοισιν Αἰαίη Μήδεια Πελασγίδα γαῖαν ἵκηται, ἠοῖ ἐνὶ τριτάτῃ πρυμνήσια νηὸς ἔδησαν 245Παφλαγόνων ἀκτῇσι, πάροιθʼ Ἅλυος ποταμοῖο. ἡ γάρ σφʼ ἐξαποβάντας ἀρέσσασθαι θυέεσσιν ἠνώγει Ἑκάτην. καὶ δὴ τὰ μέν, ὅσσα θυηλὴν κούρη πορσανέουσα τιτύσκετο, μήτε τις ἴστωρ εἴη, μήτʼ ἐμὲ θυμὸς ἐποτρύνειεν ἀείδειν. 250ἅζομαι αὐδῆσαι· τό γε μὴν ἕδος ἐξέτι κείνου, ὅ ῥα θεᾷ ἥρωες ἐπὶ ῥηγμῖσιν ἔδειμαν, ἀνδράσιν ὀψιγόνοισι μένει καὶ τῆμος ἰδέσθαι. αὐτίκα δʼ Αἰσονίδης ἐμνήσατο, σὺν δὲ καὶ ὧλλοι ἥρωες, Φινῆος, ὃ δὴ πλόον ἄλλον ἔειπεν 255ἐξ Αἴης ἔσσεσθαι· ἀνώιστος δʼ ἐτέτυκτο πᾶσιν ὁμῶς. Ἄργος δὲ λιλαιομένοις ἀγόρευσεν·

Swiftly the wind blew, as the goddess Hera planned, so that most quickly Aeaean Medea might reach the Pelasgian land, a bane to the house of Pelias, and on the third morn they bound the ship’s stern cables to the shores of the Paphlagonians, at the mouth of the river Halys. For Medea bade them land and propitiate Hecate with sacrifice. Now all that the maiden prepared for offering the sacrifice may no man know, and may my soul not urge me to sing thereof. Awe restrains my lips, yet from that time the altar which the heroes raised on the beach to the goddess remains till now, a sight to men of a later day.

And straightway Aeson’s son and the rest of the heroes bethought them of Phineus, how that he had said that their course from Aea should be different, but to all alike his meaning was dim. Then Argus spake, and they eagerly hearkened:

257Νισσόμεθʼ Ὀρχομενὸν τὴν ἔχραεν ὔμμι περῆσαι νημερτὴς ὅδε μάντις, ὅτῳ ξυνέβητε πάροιθεν. ἔστιν γὰρ πλόος ἄλλος, ὃν ἀθανάτων ἱερῆες 260πέφραδον, οἳ Θήβης Τριτωνίδος ἐκγεγάασιν. οὔπω τείρεα πάντα, τά τʼ οὐρανῷ εἱλίσσονται, οὐδέ τί πω Δαναῶν ἱερὸν γένος ἦεν ἀκοῦσαι πευθομένοις· οἶοι δʼ ἔσαν Ἀρκάδες Ἀπιδανῆες, Ἀρκάδες, οἳ καὶ πρόσθε σεληναίης ὑδέονται 265ζώειν, φηγὸν ἔδοντες ἐν οὔρεσιν. οὐδὲ Πελασγὶς χθὼν τότε κυδαλίμοισιν ἀνάσσετο Δευκαλίδῃσιν, ἦμος ὅτʼ Ἠερίη πολυλήιος ἐκλήιστο, μήτηρ Αἴγυπτος προτερηγενέων αἰζηῶν, καὶ ποταμὸς Τρίτων ἠύρροος, ᾧ ὕπο πᾶσα 270ἄρδεται Ἠερίη· Διόθεν δέ μιν οὔποτε δεύει ὄμβρος· ἅλις προχοῇσι δʼ ἀνασταχύουσιν ἄρουραι. ἔνθεν δή τινά φασι πέριξ διὰ πᾶσαν ὁδεῦσαι Εὐρώπην Ἀσίην τε βίῃ καὶ κάρτεϊ λαῶν σφωιτέρων θάρσει τε πεποιθότα· μυρία δʼ ἄστη 275νάσσατʼ ἐποιχόμενος, τὰ μὲν ἤ ποθι ναιετάουσιν, ἠὲ καὶ οὔ· πουλὺς γὰρ ἄδην ἐπενήνοθεν αἰών. αἶά γε μὴν ἔτι νῦν μένει ἔμπεδον υἱωνοί τε τῶνδʼ ἀνδρῶν, οὓς ὅσγε καθίσσατο ναιέμεν Αἶαν, οἳ δή τοι γραπτῦς πατέρων ἕθεν εἰρύονται, 280κύρβιας, οἷς ἔνι πᾶσαι ὁδοὶ καὶ πείρατʼ ἔασιν ὑγρῆς τε τραφερῆς τε πέριξ ἐπινισσομένοισιν. ἔστι δέ τις ποταμός, ὕπατον κέρας Ὠκεανοῖο, εὐρύς τε προβαθής τε καὶ ὁλκάδι νηὶ περῆσαι· Ἴστρον μιν καλέοντες ἑκὰς διετεκμήραντο· 285ὅς δή τοι τείως μὲν ἀπείρονα τέμνετʼ ἄρουραν εἷς οἶος· πηγαὶ γὰρ ὑπὲρ πνοιῆς βορέαο Ῥιπαίοις ἐν ὄρεσσιν ἀπόπροθι μορμύρουσιν. ἀλλʼ ὁπόταν Θρῃκῶν Σκυθέων τʼ ἐπιβήσεται οὔρους, ἔνθα διχῆ τὸ μὲν ἔνθα μετʼ ἠῴην ἅλα βάλλει 290τῇδʼ ὕδωρ, τὸ δʼ ὄπισθε βαθὺν διὰ κόλπον ἵησιν σχιζόμενος πόντου Τρινακρίου εἰσανέχοντα, γαίῃ ὃς ὑμετέρῃ παρακέκλιται, εἰ ἐτεὸν δὴ ὑμετέρης γαίης Ἀχελώιος ἐξανίησιν.

“We go to Orchomenus, whither that unerring seer, whom ye met aforetime, foretold your voyage. For there is another course, signified by those priests of the immortal gods, who have sprung from Tritonian Thebes. As yet all the stars that wheel in the heaven were not, nor yet, though one should inquire, could aught be heard of the sacred race of the Danai. Apidanean Arcadians alone existed, Arcadians who lived even before the moon, it is said, eating acorns on the hills; nor at that time was the Pelasgian land ruled by the glorious sons of Deucalion, in the days when Egypt, mother of men of an older time, was called the fertile Morning-land, and the river fair-flowing Triton, by which all the Morning-land is watered; and never does the rain from Zeus moisten the earth; but from the flooding of the river abundant crops spring up. From this land, it is said, a king made his way all round through the whole of Europe and Asia, trusting in the might and strength and courage of his people; and countless cities did he found wherever he came, whereof some are still inhabited and some not; many an age hath passed since then. But Aea abides unshaken even now and the sons of those men whom that king settled to dwell in Aea. They preserve the writings of their fathers, graven on pillars, whereon are marked all the ways and the limits of sea and land as ye journey on all sides round. There is a river, the uttermost horn of Ocean, broad and exceeding deep, that a merchant ship may traverse; they call it Ister and have marked it far off; and for a while it cleaves the boundless tilth alone in one stream; for beyond the blasts of the north wind, far off in the Rhipaean mountains, its springs burst forth with a roar. But when it enters the boundaries of the Thracians and Scythians, here, dividing its stream into two, it sends its waters partly into the Ionian sea, and partly to the south into a deep gulf that bends upwards from the Trinacrian sea, that sea which lies along your land, if indeed Achelous flows forth from your land.”

294ὧς ἄρʼ ἔφη· τοῖσιν δὲ θεὰ τέρας ἐγγυάλιξεν 295αἴσιον, ᾧ καὶ πάντες ἐπευφήμησαν ἰδόντες στέλλεσθαι τήνδʼ οἶμον. ἐπιπρὸ γὰρ ὁλκὸς ἐτύχθη οὐρανίης ἀκτῖνος, ὅπῃ καὶ ἀμεύσιμον ἦεν. γηθόσυνοι δὲ Λύκοιο κατʼ αὐτόθι παῖδα λιπόντες λαίφεσι πεπταμένοισιν ὑπεὶρ ἅλα ναυτίλλοντο, 300οὔρεα Παφλαγόνων θηεύμενοι. οὐδὲ Κάραμβιν γνάμψαν, ἐπεὶ πνοιαί τε καὶ οὐρανίου πυρὸς αἴγλη μεῖνεν, ἕως Ἴστροιο μέγαν ῥόον εἰσαφίκοντο.

Thus he spake, and to them the goddess granted a happy portent, and all at the sight shouted approval, that this was their appointed path. For before them appeared a trail of heavenly light, a sign where they might pass. And gladly they left behind there the son of Lycus and with canvas outspread sailed over the sea, with their eyes on the Paphlagonian mountains. But they did not round Carambis, for the winds and the gleam of the heavenly fire stayed with them till they reached Ister’s mighty stream.

303Κόλχοι δʼ αὖτʼ ἄλλοι μέν, ἐτώσια μαστεύοντες, Κυανέας Πόντοιο διὲκ πέτρας ἐπέρησαν· 305ἄλλοι δʼ αὖ ποταμὸν μετεκίαθον, οἷσιν ἄνασσεν Ἄψυρτος, Καλὸν δὲ διὰ στόμα πεῖρε λιασθείς. τῶ καὶ ὑπέφθη τούσγε βαλὼν ὕπερ αὐχένα γαίης κόλπον ἔσω πόντοιο πανέσχατον Ἰονίοιο. Ἴστρῳ γάρ τις νῆσος ἐέργεται οὔνομα Πεύκη, 310τριγλώχιν, εὖρος μὲν ἐς αἰγιαλοὺς ἀνέχουσα, στεινὸν δʼ αὖτʼ ἀγκῶνα ποτὶ ῥόον· ἀμφὶ δὲ δοιαὶ σχίζονται προχοαί. τὴν μὲν καλέουσι Νάρηκος· τὴν δʼ ὑπὸ τῇ νεάτῃ, Καλὸν στόμα. τῇ δὲ διαπρὸ Ἄψυρτος Κόλχοι τε θοώτερον ὡρμήθησαν· 315οἱ δʼ ὑψοῦ νήσοιο κατʼ ἀκροτάτης ἐνέοντο τηλόθεν. εἱαμενῇσι δʼ ἐν ἄσπετα πώεα λεῖπον ποιμένες ἄγραυλοι νηῶν φόβῳ, οἷά τε θῆρας ὀσσόμενοι πόντου μεγακήτεος ἐξανιόντας. οὐ γάρ πω ἁλίας γε πάρος ποθὶ νῆας ἴδοντο, 320οὔτʼ οὖν Θρήιξιν μιγάδες Σκύθαι, οὐδὲ Σίγυννοι, οὔτʼ οὖν Γραυκένιοι, οὔθʼ οἱ περὶ Λαύριον ἤδη Σίνδοι ἐρημαῖον πεδίον μέγα ναιετάοντες. αὐτὰρ ἐπεί τʼ Ἄγγουρον ὄρος, καὶ ἄπωθεν ἐόντα Ἀγγούρου ὄρεος σκόπελον πάρα Καυλιακοῖο, 325ᾧ πέρι δὴ σχίζων Ἴστρος ῥόον ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα βάλλει ἁλός, πεδίον τε τὸ Λαύριον ἠμείψαντο, δή ῥα τότε Κρονίην Κόλχοι ἅλαδʼ ἐκπρομολόντες πάντῃ, μή σφε λάθοιεν, ὑπετμήξαντο κελεύθους. οἱ δʼ ὄπιθεν ποταμοῖο κατήλυθον, ἐκ δʼ ἐπέρησαν 330δοιὰς Ἀρτέμιδος Βρυγηίδας ἀγχόθι νήσους. τῶν δʼ ἤτοι ἑτέρῃ μὲν ἐν ἱερὸν ἔσκεν ἔδεθλον· ἐν δʼ ἑτέρῃ, πληθὺν πεφυλαγμένοι Ἀψύρτοιο, βαῖνον· ἐπεὶ κείνας πολέων λίπον ἔνδοθι νήσους αὔτως, ἁζόμενοι κούρην Διός· αἱ δὲ δὴ ἄλλαι 335στεινόμεναι Κόλχοισι πόρους εἴρυντο θαλάσσης. ὧς δὲ καὶ εἰς ἀκτὰς πληθὺν λίπεν ἀγχόθι νήσων μέσφα Σαλαγγῶνος ποταμοῦ καὶ Νέστιδος αἴης.

Now some of the Colchians, in a vain search, passed out from Pontus through the Cyanean rocks; but the rest went to the river, and them Apsyrtus led, and, turning aside, he entered the mouth called Fair. Wherefore he outstripped the heroes by crossing a neck of land into the furthest gulf of the Ionian sea. For a certain island is enclosed by Ister, by name Peuce, three-cornered, its base stretching along the coast, and with a sharp angle towards the river; and round it the outfall is cleft in two. One mouth they call the mouth of Narex, and the other, at the lower end, the Fair mouth. And through this Apsyrtus and his Colchians rushed with all speed; but the heroes went upwards far away towards the highest part of the island. And in the meadows the country shepherds left their countless flocks for dread of the ships, for they deemed that they were beasts coming forth from the monster-teeming sea. For never yet before had they seen seafaring ships, neither the Scythians mingled with the Thracians, nor the Sigynni, nor yet the Graucenii, nor the Sindi that now inhabit the vast desert plain of Laurium. But when they had passed near the mount Angurum, and the cliff of Cauliacus, far from the mount Angurum, round which Ister, dividing his stream, falls into the sea on this side and on that, and the Laurian plain, then indeed the Colchians went forth into the Cronian sea and cut off all the ways, to prevent their foes’ escape. And the heroes came down the river behind and reached the two Brygean isles of Artemis near at hand. Now in one of them was a sacred temple; and on the other they landed, avoiding the host of Apsyrtus; for the Colchians had left these islands out of many within the river, just as they were, through reverence for the daughter of Zeus; but the rest, thronged by the Colchians, barred the ways to the sea. And so on other islands too, close by, Apsyrtus left his host as far as the river Salangon and the Nestian land.

338ἔνθα κε λευγαλέῃ Μινύαι τότε δηιοτῆτι παυρότεροι πλεόνεσσιν ὑπείκαθον· ἀλλὰ πάροιθεν 340συνθεσίην, μέγα νεῖκος ἀλευάμενοι, ἐτάμοντο, κῶας μὲν χρύσειον, ἐπεί σφισιν αὐτὸς ὑπέστη Αἰήτης, εἰ κεῖνοι ἀναπλήσειαν ἀέθλους, ἔμπεδον εὐδικίῃ σφέας ἑξέμεν, εἴτε δόλοισιν, εἴτε καὶ ἀμφαδίην αὔτως ἀέκοντος ἀπηύρων· 345αὐτὰρ Μήδειάν γε—τὸ γὰρ πέλεν ἀμφήριστον— παρθέσθαι κούρῃ Λητωίδι νόσφιν ὁμίλου, εἰσόκε τις δικάσῃσι θεμιστούχων βασιλήων, εἴτε μιν εἰς πατρὸς χρειὼ δόμον αὖτις ἱκάνειν, εἴτε μεθʼ Ἑλλάδα γαῖαν ἀριστήεσσιν ἕπεσθαι.

There the Minyae would at that time have yielded in grim fight, a few to many; but ere then they made a covenant, shunning a dire quarrel; as to the golden fleece, that since Aeetes himself had so promised them if they should fulfil the contests, they should keep it as justly won, whether they carried it off by craft or even openly in the king’s despite; but as to Medea—for that was the cause of strife—that they should give her in ward to Leto’s daughter apart from the throng, until some one of the kings that dispense justice should utter his doom, whether she must return to her father’s home or follow the chieftains to the land of Hellas.

People and places in this passage

English translation by R. C. Seaton (1912). Original text: George W. Mooney (ed.), Apollonii Rhodii Argonautica, London: Longmans, Green, 1912 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.