Apollonius Rhodius · Argonautica Ἀργοναυτικά

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 3.299–438: The banquet and Aeetes' demands

At the banquet Aeetes questions his grandsons, and Argus tells how his ship was wrecked and why the Argonauts have come. Aeetes grows angry and agrees to give up the Fleece only if Jason will yoke the fire-breathing bulls, plough the field of Ares and sow the dragon's teeth, and Jason accepts.

Lines 3.299–438 · 1478 words · click a number to copy its link
299δμῶες δʼ ὁππότε δή σφιν ἐπαρτέα θῆκαν ἐδωδήν, 300αὐτοί τε λιαροῖσιν ἐφαιδρύναντο λοετροῖς, ἀσπασίως δόρπῳ τε ποτῆτί τε θυμὸν ἄρεσσαν. ἐκ δὲ τοῦ Αἰήτης σφετέρης ἐρέεινε θυγατρὸς υἱῆας τοίοισι παρηγορέων ἐπέεσσιν· παιδὸς ἐμῆς κοῦροι Φρίξοιό τε, τὸν περὶ πάντων 305ξείνων ἡμετέροισιν ἐνὶ μεγάροισιν ἔτισα, πῶς Αἶάνδε νέεσθε παλίσσυτοι; ἦέ τις ἄτη σωομένοις μεσσηγὺς ἐνέκλασεν; οὐ μὲν ἐμεῖο πείθεσθε προφέροντος ἀπείρονα μέτρα κελεύθου. ᾔδειν γάρ ποτε πατρὸς ἐν ἅρμασιν Ἠελίοιο 310δινεύσας, ὅτʼ ἐμεῖο κασιγνήτην ἐκόμιζεν Κίρκην ἑσπερίης εἴσω χθονός, ἐκ δʼ ἱκόμεσθα ἀκτὴν ἠπείρου Τυρσηνίδος, ἔνθʼ ἔτι νῦν περ ναιετάει, μάλα πολλὸν ἀπόπροθι Κολχίδος αἴης. ἀλλὰ τί μύθων ἦδος; ἃ δʼ ἐν ποσὶν ὗμιν ὄρωρεν, 315εἴπατʼ ἀριφραδέως, ἠδʼ οἵτινες οἵδʼ ἐφέπονται ἀνέρες, ὅππῃ τε γλαφυρῆς ἐκ νηὸς ἔβητε. τοῖά μιν ἐξερέοντα κασιγνήτων προπάροιθεν Ἄργος ὑποδδείσας ἀμφὶ στόλῳ Αἰσονίδαο μειλιχίως προσέειπεν, ἐπεὶ προγενέστερος ἦεν·

Now when the thralls had laid a banquet ready before them, and they had refreshed themselves with warm baths, gladly did they please their souls with meat and drink. And thereafter Aeetes questioned the sons of his daughter, addressing them with these words:

“Sons of my daughter and of Phrixus, whom beyond all strangers I honoured in my halls, how have ye come returning back to Aea? Did some calamity cut short your escape in the midst? Ye did not listen when I set before you the boundless length of the way. For I marked it once, whirled along in the chariot of my father Helios, when he was bringing my sister Circe to the western land and we came to the shore of the Tyrrhenian mainland, where even now she abides, exceeding far from Colchis. But what pleasure is there in words? Do ye tell me plainly what has been your fortune, and who these men are, your companions, and where from your hollow ship ye came ashore.”

Such were his questions, and Argus, before all his brethren, being fearful for the mission of Aeson’s son, gently replied, for he was the elder-born:

320Αἰήτη, κείνην μὲν ἄφαρ διέχευαν ἄελλαι ζαχρηεῖς· αὐτοὺς δʼ ἐπὶ δούρασι πεπτηῶτας νήσου Ἐνυαλίοιο ποτὶ ξερὸν ἔκβαλε κῦμα λυγαίῃ ὑπὸ νυκτί· θεὸς δέ τις ἄμμʼ ἐσάωσεν. οὐδὲ γὰρ αἳ τὸ πάροιθεν ἐρημαίην κατὰ νῆσον 325ηὐλίζοντʼ ὄρνιθες Ἀρήιαι, οὐδʼ ἔτι κείνας εὕρομεν. ἀλλʼ οἵγʼ ἄνδρες ἀπήλασαν, ἐξαποβάντες νηὸς ἑῆς προτέρῳ ἐνὶ ἤματι· καί σφʼ ἀπέρυκεν ἡμέας οἰκτείρων Ζηνὸς νόος, ἠέ τις αἶσα, αὐτίκʼ ἐπεὶ καὶ βρῶσιν ἅλις καὶ εἵματʼ ἔδωκαν, 330οὔνομά τε Φρίξοιο περικλεὲς εἰσαΐοντες ἠδʼ αὐτοῖο σέθεν· μετὰ γὰρ τεὸν ἄστυ νέονται. χρειὼ δʼ ἢν ἐθέλῃς ἐξίδμεναι, οὔ σʼ ἐπικεύσω. τόνδε τις ἱέμενος πάτρης ἀπάνευθεν ἐλάσσαι καὶ κτεάνων βασιλεὺς περιώσιον, οὕνεκεν ἀλκῇ 335σφωιτέρῃ πάντεσσι μετέπρεπεν Αἰολίδῃσιν, πέμπει δεῦρο νέεσθαι ἀμήχανον· οὐδʼ ὑπαλύξειν στεῦται ἀμειλίκτοιο Διὸς θυμαλγέα μῆνιν καὶ χόλον, οὐδʼ ἄτλητον ἄγος Φρίξοιό τε ποινὰς Αἰολιδέων γενεήν, πρὶν ἐς Ἑλλάδα κῶας ἱκέσθαι. 340νῆα δʼ Ἀθηναίη Παλλὰς κάμεν, οὐ μάλα τοίην, οἷαί περ Κόλχοισι μετʼ ἀνδράσι νῆες ἔασιν, τάων αἰνοτάτης ἐπεκύρσαμεν. ἤλιθα γάρ μιν λάβρον ὕδωρ πνοιή τε διέτμαγεν· ἡ δʼ ἐνὶ γόμφοις ἴσχεται, ἢν καὶ πᾶσαι ἐπιβρίσωσιν ἄελλαι. 345ἶσον δʼ ἐξ ἀνέμοιο θέει καὶ ὅτʼ ἀνέρες αὐτοὶ νωλεμέως χείρεσσιν ἐπισπέρχωσιν ἐρετμοῖς. τῇ δʼ ἐναγειράμενος Παναχαιίδος εἴ τι φέριστον ἡρώων, τεὸν ἄστυ μετήλυθε, πόλλʼ ἐπαληθεὶς ἄστεα καὶ πελάγη στυγερῆς ἁλός, εἴ οἱ ὀπάσσαις. 350αὐτῷ δʼ ὥς κεν ἅδῃ, τὼς ἔσσεται· οὐ γὰρ ἱκάνει χερσὶ βιησόμενος· μέμονεν δέ τοι ἄξια τίσειν δωτίνης, ἀίων ἐμέθεν μέγα δυσμενέοντας Σαυρομάτας, τοὺς σοῖσιν ὑπὸ σκήπτροισι δαμάσσει. εἰ δὲ καὶ οὔνομα δῆθεν ἐπιθύεις γενεήν τε 355ἴδμεναι, οἵτινές εἰσιν, ἕκαστά γε μυθησαίμην. τόνδε μέν, οἷό περ οὕνεκʼ ἀφʼ Ἑλλάδος ὧλλοι ἄγερθεν, κλείουσʼ Αἴσονος υἱὸν Ἰήσονα Κρηθεΐδαο. εἰ δʼ αὐτοῦ Κρηθῆος ἐτήτυμόν ἐστι γενέθλης, οὕτω κεν γνωτὸς πατρώιος ἄμμι πέλοιτο. 360ἄμφω γὰρ Κρηθεὺς Ἀθάμας τʼ ἔσαν Αἰόλου υἷες· Φρίξος δʼ αὖτʼ Ἀθάμαντος ἔην πάις Αἰολίδαο. τόνδε δʼ ἄρʼ, Ἠελίου γόνον ἔμμεναι εἴ τινʼ ἀκούεις, δέρκεαι Αὐγείην· Τελαμὼν δʼ ὅγε, κυδίστοιο Αἰακοῦ ἐκγεγαώς· Ζεὺς δʼ Αἰακὸν αὐτὸς ἔτικτεν.

“Aeetes, that ship forthwith stormy blasts tore asunder, and ourselves, crouching on the beams, a wave drove on to the beach of the isle of Enyalius in the murky night; and some god preserved us. For even the birds of Ares that haunted the desert isle beforetime, not even them did we find. But these men had driven them off, having landed from their ship on the day before; and the will of Zeus taking pity on us, or some fate, detained them there, since they straightway gave us both food and clothing in abundance, when they heard the illustrious name of Phrixus and thine own; for to thy city are they faring. And if thou dost wish to know their errand, I will not hide it from thee. A certain king, vehemently longing to drive this man far from his fatherland and possessions, because in might he outshone all the sons of Aeolus, sends him to voyage hither on a bootless venture; and asserts that the stock of Aeolus will not escape the heart-grieving wrath and rage of implacable Zeus, nor the unbearable curse and vengeance due for Phrixus, until the fleece comes back to Hellas. And their ship was fashioned by Pallas Athena, not such a one as are the ships among the Colchians, on the vilest of which we chanced. For the fierce waves and wind broke her utterly to pieces; but the other holds firm with her bolts, even though all the blasts should buffet her. And with equal swiftness she speedeth before the wind and when the crew ply the oar with unresting hands. And he hath gathered in her the mightiest heroes of all Achaea, and hath come to thy city from wandering far through cities and gulfs of the dread ocean, in the hope that thou wilt grant him the fleece. But as thou dost please, so shall it be, for he cometh not to use force, but is eager to pay thee a recompense for the gift. He has heard from me of thy bitter foes the Sauromatae, and he will subdue them to thy sway. And if thou desirest to know their names and lineage I will tell thee all. This man on whose account the rest were gathered from Hellas, they call Jason, son of Aeson, whom Cretheus begat. And if in truth he is of the stock of Cretheus himself, thus he would be our kinsman on the father’s side. For Cretheus and Athamas were both sons of Aeolus; and Phrixus was the son of Athamas, son of Aeolus. And here, if thou hast heard at all of the seed of Helios, thou dost behold Augeias; and this is Telamon sprung from famous Aeacus; and Zeus himself begat Aeacus. And so all the rest, all the comrades that follow him, are the sons or grandsons of the immortals.”

365ὧς δὲ καὶ ὧλλοι πάντες, ὅσοι συνέπονται ἑταῖροι, ἀθανάτων υἷές τε καὶ υἱωνοὶ γεγάασιν. τοῖα παρέννεπεν Ἄργος· ἄναξ δʼ ἐπεχώσατο μύθοις εἰσαΐων· ὑψοῦ δὲ χόλῳ φρένες ἠερέθοντο. φῆ δʼ ἐπαλαστήσας· μενέαινε δὲ παισὶ μάλιστα 370Χαλκιόπης· τῶν γάρ σφε μετελθέμεν οὕνεκʼ ἐώλπει· ἐκ δέ οἱ ὄμματʼ ἔλαμψεν ὑπʼ ὀφρύσιν ἱεμένοιο· οὐκ ἄφαρ ὀφθαλμῶν μοι ἀπόπροθι, λωβητῆρες, νεῖσθʼ αὐτοῖσι δόλοισι παλίσσυτοι ἔκτοθι γαίης, πρίν τινα λευγαλέον τε δέρος καὶ Φρίξον ἰδέσθαι; 375αὐτίχʼ ὁμαρτήσαντες ἀφʼ Ἑλλάδος, οὐκ ἐπὶ κῶας, σκῆπτρα δὲ καὶ τιμὴν βασιληίδα δεῦρο νέεσθε. εἰ δέ κε μὴ προπάροιθεν ἐμῆς ἥψασθε τραπέζης, ἦ τʼ ἂν ἀπὸ γλώσσας τε ταμὼν καὶ χεῖρε κεάσσας ἀμφοτέρας, οἴοισιν ἐπιπροέηκα πόδεσσιν, 380ὥς κεν ἐρητύοισθε καὶ ὕστερον ὁρμηθῆναι, οἷα δὲ καὶ μακάρεσσιν ἐπεψεύσασθε θεοῖσιν. φῆ ῥα χαλεψάμενος· μέγα δὲ φρένες Αἰακίδαο νειόθεν οἰδαίνεσκον· ἐέλδετο δʼ ἔνδοθι θυμὸς ἀντιβίην ὀλοὸν φάσθαι ἔπος· ἀλλʼ ἀπέρυκεν 385Αἰσονίδης· πρὸ γὰρ αὐτὸς ἀμείψατο μειλιχίοισιν· Αἰήτη, σχέο μοι τῷδε στόλῳ. οὔτι γὰρ αὔτως ἄστυ τεὸν καὶ δώμαθʼ ἱκάνομεν, ὥς που ἔολπας, οὐδὲ μὲν ἱέμενοι. τίς δʼ ἂν τόσον οἶδμα περῆσαι τλαίη ἑκὼν ὀθνεῖον ἐπὶ κτέρας; ἀλλά με δαίμων 390καὶ κρυερὴ βασιλῆος ἀτασθάλου ὦρσεν ἐφετμή. δὸς χάριν ἀντομένοισι· σέθεν δʼ ἐγὼ Ἑλλάδι πάσῃ θεσπεσίην θεσπεσιην οἴσω κληηδόνα· καὶ δέ τοι ἤδη πρόφρονές εἰμεν ἄρηι θοὴν ἀποτῖσαι ἀμοιβήν, εἴτʼ οὖν Σαυρομάτας γε λιλαίεαι, εἴτε τινʼ ἄλλον 395δῆμον σφωιτέροισιν ὑπὸ σκήπτροισι δαμάσσαι. Ἴσκεν ὑποσσαίνων ἀγανῇ ὀπί· τοῖο δὲ θυμὸς διχθαδίην πόρφυρεν ἐνὶ στήθεσσι μενοινήν, ἤ σφεας ὁρμηθεὶς αὐτοσχεδὸν ἐξεναρίζοι, ἦ ὅγε πειρήσαιτο βίης. τό οἱ εἴσατʼ ἄρειον 400φραζομένῳ· καὶ δή μιν ὑποβλήδην προσέειπεν·

Such was the tale of Argus; but the king at his words was filled with rage as he heard; and his heart was lifted high in wrath. And he spake in heavy displeasure; and was angered most of all with the son of Chalciope; for he deemed that on their account the strangers had come; and in his fury his eyes flashed forth beneath his brows:

“Begone from my sight, felons, straightway, ye and your tricks, from the land, ere someone see a fleece and a Phrixus to his sorrow. Banded together with your friends from Hellas, not for the fleece, but to seize my sceptre and royal power have ye come hither. Had ye not first tasted of my table, surely would I have cut out your tongues and hewn off both hands and sent you forth with your feet alone, so that ye might be stayed from starting hereafter. And what lies have ye uttered against the blessed gods!”

Thus he spake in his wrath; and mightily from its depths swelled the heart of Aeacus’ son, and his soul within longed to speak a deadly word in defiance, but Aeson’s son checked him, for he himself first made gentle answer:

“Aeetes, bear with this armed band, I pray. For not in the way thou deemest have we come to thy city and palace, no, nor yet with such desires. For who would of his own will dare to cross so wide a sea for the goods of a stranger? But fate and the ruthless command of a presumptuous king urged me. Grant a favour to thy suppliants, and to all Hellas will I publish a glorious fame of thee; yea, we are ready now to pay thee a swift recompense in war, whether it be the Sauromatae or some other people that thou art eager to subdue to thy sway.”

He spake, flattering him with gentle utterance; but the king’s soul brooded a twofold purpose within him, whether he should attack and slay them on the spot or should make trial of their might. And this, as he pondered, seemed the better way, and he addressed Jason in answer:

401ξεῖνε, τί κεν τὰ ἕκαστα διηνεκέως ἀγορεύοις; εἰ γὰρ ἐτήτυμόν ἐστε θεῶν γένος, ἠὲ καὶ ἄλλως οὐδὲν ἐμεῖο χέρηες ἐπʼ ὀθνείοισιν ἔβητε, δώσω τοι χρύσειον ἄγειν δέρος, αἴ κʼ ἐθέλῃσθα, 405πειρηθείς. ἐσθλοῖς γὰρ ἐπʼ ἀνδράσιν οὔτι μεγαίρω, ὡς αὐτοὶ μυθεῖσθε τὸν Ἑλλάδι κοιρανέοντα. πεῖρα δέ τοι μένεός τε καὶ ἀλκῆς ἔσσετʼ ἄεθλος, τόν ῥʼ αὐτὸς περίειμι χεροῖν ὀλοόν περ ἐόντα. δοιώ μοι πεδίον τὸ Ἀρήιον ἀμφινέμονται 410ταύρω χαλκόποδε, στόματι φλόγα φυσιόωντες· τοὺς ἐλάω ζεύξας στυφελὴν κατὰ νειὸν Ἄρηος τετράγυον, τὴν αἶψα ταμὼν ἐπὶ τέλσον ἀρότρῳ οὐ σπόρον ὁλκοῖσιν Δηοῦς ἐνιβάλλομαι ἀκτήν, ἀλλʼ ὄφιος δεινοῖο μεταλδήσκοντας ὀδόντας 415ἀνδράσι τευχηστῇσι δέμας. τοὺς δʼ αὖθι δαΐζων κείρω ἐμῷ ὑπὸ δουρὶ περισταδὸν ἀντιόωντας. ἠέριος ζεύγνυμι βόας, καὶ δείελον ὥρην παύομαι ἀμήτοιο. σὺ δʼ, εἰ τάδε τοῖα τελέσσεις, αὐτῆμαρ τόδε κῶας ἀποίσεαι εἰς βασιλῆος· 420πρὶν δέ κεν οὐ δοίην, μηδʼ ἔλπεο. δὴ γὰρ ἀεικὲς ἄνδρʼ ἀγαθὸν γεγαῶτα κακωτέρῳ ἀνέρι εἶξαι. ὧς ἄρʼ ἔφη· ὁ δὲ σῖγα ποδῶν πάρος ὄμματα πήξας ἧστʼ αὔτως ἄφθογγος, ἀμηχανέων κακότητι. βουλὴν δʼ ἀμφὶ πολὺν στρώφα χρόνον, οὐδέ πῃ εἶχεν 425θαρσαλέως ὑποδέχθαι, ἐπεὶ μέγα φαίνετο ἔργον· ὀψὲ δʼ ἀμειβόμενος προσελέξατο κερδαλέοισιν· Αἰήτη, μάλα τοί με δίκῃ περιπολλὸν ἐέργεις. τῶ καὶ ἐγὼ τὸν ἄεθλον ὑπερφίαλόν περ ἐόντα τλήσομαι, εἰ καί μοι θανέειν μόρος. οὐ γὰρ ἔτʼ ἄλλο 430ῥίγιον ἀνθρώποισι κακῆς ἐπικείσετʼ ἀνάγκης, ἥ με καὶ ἐνθάδε νεῖσθαι ἐπέχραεν ἐκ βασιλῆος. ὧς φάτʼ ἀμηχανίῃ βεβολημένος· αὐτὰρ ὁ τόνγε σμερδαλέοις ἐπέεσσι προσέννεπεν ἀσχαλόωντα· ἔρχεο νῦν μεθʼ ὅμιλον, ἐπεὶ μέμονάς γε πόνοιο· 435εἰ δὲ σύγε ζυγὰ βουσὶν ὑποδδείσαις ἐπαεῖραι, ἠὲ καὶ οὐλομένου μεταχάσσεαι ἀμήτοιο, αὐτῷ κεν τὰ ἕκαστα μέλοιτό μοι, ὄφρα καὶ ἄλλος ἀνὴρ ἐρρίγῃσιν ἀρείονα φῶτα μετελθεῖν.

“Stranger, why needest thou go through thy tale to the end? For if ye are in truth of heavenly race, or have come in no wise inferior to me, to win the goods of strangers, I will give thee the fleece to bear away, if thou dost wish, when I have tried thee. For against brave men I bear no grudge, such as ye yourselves tell me of him who bears sway in Hellas. And the trial of your courage and might shall be a contest which I myself can compass with my hands, deadly though it be. Two bulls with feet of bronze I have that pasture on the plain of Ares, breathing forth flame from their jaws; them do I yoke and drive over the stubborn field of Ares, four plough-gates; and quickly cleaving it with the share up to the headland, I cast into the furrows the seed, not the corn of Demeter, but the teeth of a dread serpent that grow up into the fashion of armed men; them I slay at once, cutting them down beneath my spear as they rise against me on all sides. In the morning do I yoke the oxen, and at eventide I cease from the harvesting. And thou, if thou wilt accomplish such deeds as these, on that very day shalt carry off the fleece to the king’s palace; ere that time comes I will not give it, expect it not. For indeed it is unseemly that a brave man should yield to a coward.”

Thus he spake; and Jason, fixing his eyes on the ground, sat just as he was, speechless, helpless in his evil plight. For a long time he turned the matter this way and that, and could in no way take on him the task with courage, for a mighty task it seemed; and at last he made reply with crafty words:

“With thy plea of right, Aeetes, thou dost shut me in overmuch. Wherefore also I will dare that contest, monstrous as it is, though it be my doom to die. For nothing will fall upon men more dread than dire necessity, which indeed constrained me to come hither at a king’s command.”

Thus he spake, smitten by his helpless plight; and the king with grim words addressed him, sore troubled as he was: “Go forth now to the gathering, since thou art eager for the toil; but if thou shouldst fear to lift the yoke upon the oxen or shrink from the deadly harvesting, then all this shall be my care, so that another too may shudder to come to a man that is better than he.”

People and places in this passage

English translation by R. C. Seaton (1912). Original text: George W. Mooney (ed.), Apollonii Rhodii Argonautica, London: Longmans, Green, 1912 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Argonautica 3.299–438: The banquet and Aeetes' demands