Apollonius Rhodius · Argonautica Ἀργοναυτικά

Apollonius Rhodius, Argonautica 4.1393–1536: The Hesperides' spring; the deaths of Canthus and Mopsus

The heroes search for water and find the Hesperides, who show them the spring that Heracles made. Scouts go out to look for Heracles; Canthus is killed by a shepherd, and Mopsus dies of a snake's bite, and both are buried.

Lines 4.1393–1536 · 1464 words · click a number to copy its link
1393Λυσσαλέοις δἤπειτʼ ἴκελοι κυσὶν ἀίσσοντες πίδακα μαστεύεσκον· ἐπὶ ξηρὴ γὰρ ἔκειτο 1395δίψα δυηπαθίῃ τε καὶ ἄλγεσιν, οὐδʼ ἐμάτησαν πλαζόμενοι· ἷξον δʼ ἱερὸν πέδον, ᾧ ἔνι Λάδων εἰσέτι που χθιζὸν παγχρύσεα ῥύετο μῆλα χώρῳ ἐν Ἄτλαντος, χθόνιος ὄφις· ἀμφὶ δὲ νύμφαι Ἑσπερίδες ποίπνυον, ἐφίμερον ἀείδουσαι. 1400δὴ τότε δʼ ἤδη τῆμος ὑφʼ Ἡρακλῆι δαϊχθεὶς μήλειον βέβλητο ποτὶ στύπος· οἰόθι δʼ ἄκρῃ οὐρῇ ἔτι σκαίρεσκεν· ἀπὸ κρατὸς δὲ κελαινὴν ἄχρις ἐπʼ ἄκνηστιν κεῖτʼ ἄπνοος· ἐκ δὲ λιπόντων ὕδρης Λερναίης χόλον αἵματι πικρὸν ὀιστῶν 1405μυῖαι πυθομένοισιν ἐφʼ ἕλκεσι τερσαίνοντο. ἀγχοῦ δʼ Ἑσπερίδες κεφαλαῖς ἔπι χεῖρας ἔχουσαι ἀργυφέας ξανθῇσι λίγʼ ἔστενον· οἱ δʼ ἐπέλασσαν ἄφνω ὁμοῦ· ταὶ δʼ αἶψα κόνις καὶ γαῖα, κιόντων ἐσσυμένως, ἐγένοντο καταυτόθι. νώσατο δʼ Ὀρφεὺς 1410θεῖα τέρα, τὰς δέ σφι παρηγορέεσκε λιτῇσιν· δαίμονες ὦ καλαὶ καὶ ἐύφρονες, ἵλατʼ, ἄνασσαι, εἴτʼ οὖν οὐρανίαις ἐναρίθμιοί ἐστε θεῇσιν, εἴτε καταχθονίαις, εἴτʼ οἰοπόλοι καλέεσθε νύμφαι· ἴτʼ ὦ νύμφαι, ἱερὸν γένος Ὠκεανοῖο, 1415δείξατʼ ἐελδομένοισιν ἐνωπαδὶς ἄμμι φανεῖσαι ἤ τινα πετραίην χύσιν ὕδατος, ἤ τινα γαίης ἱερὸν ἐκβλύοντα, θεαί, ῥόον, ᾧ ἀπὸ δίψαν αἰθομένην ἄμοτον λωφήσομεν. εἰ δέ κεν αὖτις δή ποτʼ Ἀχαιίδα γαῖαν ἱκώμεθα ναυτιλίῃσιν, 1420δὴ τότε μυρία δῶρα μετὰ πρώτῃσι θεάων λοιβάς τʼ εἰλαπίνας τε παρέξομεν εὐμενέοντες. ὧς φάτο λισσόμενος ἀδινῇ ὀπί· ταὶ δʼ ἐλέαιρον ἐγγύθεν ἀχνυμένους· καὶ δὴ χθονὸς ἐξανέτειλαν ποίην πάμπρωτον· ποίης γε μὲν ὑψόθι μακροὶ 1425βλάστεον ὅρπηκες· μετὰ δʼ ἔρνεα τηλεθάοντα πολλὸν ὑπὲρ γαίης ὀρθοσταδὸν ἠέξοντο. Ἑσπέρη αἴγειρος, πτελέη δʼ Ἐρυθηὶς ἔγεντο· Αἴγλη δʼ ἰτείης ἱερὸν στύπος. ἐκ δέ νυ κείνων δενδρέων, οἷαι ἔσαν, τοῖαι πάλιν ἔμπεδον αὔτως 1430ἐξέφανεν, θάμβος περιώσιον, ἔκφατο δʼ Αἴγλη μειλιχίοις ἐπέεσσιν ἀμειβομένη χατέοντας·

Then, like raging hounds, they rushed to search for a spring; for besides their suffering and anguish, a parching thirst lay upon them, and not in vain did they wander; but they came to the sacred plain where Ladon, the serpent of the land, till yesterday kept watch over the golden apples in the garden of Atlas; and all around the nymphs, the Hesperides, were busied, chanting their lovely song. But at that time, stricken by Heracles, he lay fallen by the trunk of the apple-tree; only the tip of his tail was still writhing; but from his head down his dark spine he lay lifeless; and where the arrows had left in his blood the bitter gall of the Lernaean hydra, flies withered and died over the festering wounds And close at hand the Hesperides, their white arms flung over their golden heads, lamented shrilly; and the heroes drew near suddenly; but the maidens, at their quick approach, at once became dust and earth where they stood. Orpheus marked the divine portent, and for his comrades addressed them in prayer: “O divine ones, fair and kind, be gracious, O queens, whether ye be numbered among the heavenly goddesses, or those beneath the earth, or be called the Solitary nymphs; come, O nymphs, sacred race of Oceanus, appear manifest to our longing eyes and show us some spring of water from the rock or some sacred flow gushing from the earth, goddesses, wherewith we may quench the thirst that burns us unceasingly. And if ever again we return in our voyaging to the Achaean land, then to you among the first of goddesses with willing hearts will we bring countless gifts, libations and banquets.”

So he spake, beseeching them with plaintive voice; and they from their station near pitied their pain; and lo! first of all they caused grass to spring from the earth; and above the grass rose up tall shoots; and then flourishing saplings grew standing upright far above the earth. Hespere became a poplar and Eretheis an elm, and Aegle a willow’s sacred trunk. And forth from these trees their forms looked out, as clear as they were before, a marvel exceeding great, and Aegle spake with gentle words answering their longing looks:

1432ἦ ἄρα δὴ μέγα πάμπαν ἐφʼ ὑμετέροισιν ὄνειαρ δεῦρʼ ἔμολεν καμάτοισιν ὁ κύντατος, ὅστις ἀπούρας φρουρὸν ὄφιν ζωῆς παγχρύσεα μῆλα θεάων 1435οἴχετʼ ἀειράμενος· στυγερὸν δʼ ἄχος ἄμμι λέλειπται. ἤλυθε γὰρ χθιζός τις ἀνὴρ ὀλοώτατος ὕβριν καὶ δέμας· ὄσσε δέ οἱ βλοσυρῷ ὑπέλαμπε μετώπῳ· νηλής· ἀμφὶ δὲ δέρμα πελωρίου ἕστο λέοντος ὠμόν, ἀδέψητον· στιβαρὸν δʼ ἔχεν ὄζον ἐλαίης 1440τόξα τε, τοῖσι πέλωρ τόδʼ ἀπέφθισεν ἰοβολήσας. ἤλυθε δʼ οὖν κἀκεῖνος, ἅ τε χθόνα πεζὸς ὁδεύων, δίψῃ καρχαλέος· παίφασσε δὲ τόνδʼ ἀνὰ χῶρον, ὕδωρ ἐξερέων, τὸ μὲν οὔ ποθι μέλλεν ἰδέσθαι. ἥδε δέ τις πέτρη Τριτωνίδος ἐγγύθι λίμνης· 1445τὴν ὅγʼ ἐπιφρασθείς, ἢ καὶ θεοῦ ἐννεσίῃσιν, λὰξ ποδὶ τύψεν ἔνερθε· τὸ δʼ ἀθρόον ἔβλυσεν ὕδωρ. αὐτὰρ ὅγʼ ἄμφω χεῖρε πέδῳ καὶ στέρνον ἐρείσας ῥωγάδος ἐκ πέτρης πίεν ἄσπετον, ὄφρα βαθεῖαν νηδύν, φορβάδι ἶσος ἐπιπροπεσών, ἐκορέσθη. 1450ὧς φάτο· τοὶ δʼ ἀσπαστὸν ἵνα σφίσι πέφραδεν Αἴγλη πίδακα, τῇ θέον αἶψα κεχαρμένοι, ὄφρʼ ἐπέκυρσαν. ὡς δʼ ὁπότε στεινὴν περὶ χηραμὸν εἱλίσσονται γειομόροι μύρμηκες ὁμιλαδόν, ἢ ὅτε μυῖαι ἀμφʼ ὀλίγην μέλιτος γλυκεροῦ λίβα πεπτηυῖαι 1455ἄπλητον μεμάασιν ἐπήτριμοι· ὧς τότʼ ἀολλεῖς πετραίῃ Μινύαι περὶ πίδακι δινεύεσκον. καί πού τις διεροῖς ἐπὶ χείλεσιν εἶπεν ἰανθείς· ὦ πόποι, ἦ καὶ νόσφιν ἐὼν ἐσάωσεν ἑταίρους Ἡρακλέης δίψῃ κεκμηότας. ἀλλά μιν εἴ πως 1460δήοιμεν στείχοντα διʼ ἠπείροιο κιόντες.

“Surely there has come hither a mighty succour to your toils, that most accursed man, who robbed our guardian serpent of life and plucked the golden apples of the goddesses and is gone; and has left bitter grief for us. For yesterday came a man most fell in wanton violence, most grim in form; and his eyes flashed beneath his scowling brow; a ruthless wretch; and he was clad in the skin of a monstrous lion of raw hide, untanned; and he bare a sturdy bow of olive, and a bow, wherewith he shot and killed this monster here. So he too came, as one traversing the land on foot, parched with thirst; and he rushed wildly through this spot, searching for water, but nowhere was he like to see it. Now here stood a rock near the Tritonian lake; and of his own device, or by the prompting of some god, he smote it below with his foot; and the water gushed out in full flow. And he, leaning both his hands and chest upon the ground, drank a huge draught from the rifted rock, until, stooping like a beast of the field, he had satisfied his mighty maw.”

Thus she spake; and they gladly with joyful steps ran to the spot where Aegle had pointed out to them the spring, until they reached it. And as when earth-burrowing ants gather in swarms round a narrow cleft, or when flies lighting upon a tiny drop of sweet honey cluster round with insatiate eagerness; so at that time, huddled together, the Minyae thronged about the spring from the rock. And thus with wet lips one cried to another in his delight:

“Strange! In very truth Heracles, though far away, has saved his comrades, fordone with thirst. Would that we might find him on his way as we pass through the mainland!”

1461ἦ, καὶ ἀμειβομένων, οἵ τʼ ἄρμενοι ἐς τόδε ἔργον, ἔκριθεν ἄλλυδις ἄλλος ἐπαΐξας ἐρεείνειν. ἴχνια γὰρ νυχίοισιν ἐπηλίνδητʼ ἀνέμοισιν κινυμένης ἀμάθου. Βορέαο μὲν ὡρμήθησαν 1465υἷε δύω, πτερύγεσσι πεποιθότε. ποσσὶ δὲ κούφοις Εὔφημος πίσυνος, Λυγκεύς γε μὲν ὀξέα τηλοῦ ὄσσε βαλεῖν· πέμπτος δὲ μετὰ σφίσιν ἔσσυτο Κάνθος. τὸν μὲν ἄρʼ αἶσα θεῶν κείνην ὁδὸν ἠνορέη τε ὦρσεν, ἵνʼ Ἡρακλῆος ἀπηλεγέως πεπύθοιτο, 1470Εἰλατίδην Πολύφημον ὅπῃ λίπε· μέμβλετο γάρ οἱ οὗ ἕθεν ἀμφʼ ἑτάροιο μεταλλῆσαι τὰ ἕκαστα. ἀλλʼ ὁ μὲν οὖν Μυσοῖσιν ἐπικλεὲς ἄστυ πολίσσας νόστου κηδοσύνῃσιν ἔβη διζήμενος Ἀργὼ τῆλε διʼ ἠπείροιο· τέως δʼ ἐξίκετο γαῖαν 1475ἀγχιάλων Χαλύβων· τόθι μιν καὶ Μοῖρʼ ἐδάμασσεν. καί οἱ ὑπὸ βλωθρὴν ἀχερωίδα σῆμα τέτυκται τυτθὸν ἁλὸς προπάροιθεν. ἀτὰρ τότε γʼ Ἡρακλῆα μοῦνον ἀπειρεσίης τηλοῦ χθονὸς εἴσατο Λυγκεὺς τὼς ἰδέειν, ὥς τίς τε νέῳ ἐνὶ ἤματι μήνην 1480ἢ ἴδεν, ἢ ἐδόκησεν ἐπαχλύουσαν ἰδέσθαι. ἐς δʼ ἑτάρους ἀνιὼν μυθήσατο, μή μιν ἔτʼ ἄλλον μαστῆρα στείχοντα κιχησέμεν· οἱ δὲ καὶ αὐτοὶ ἤλυθον, Εὔφημός τε πόδας ταχὺς υἷέ τε δοιὼ Θρηικίου Βορέω, μεταμώνια μοχθήσαντε. 1485Κάνθε, σὲ δʼ οὐλόμεναι Λιβύῃ ἔνι Κῆρες ἕλοντο.

So they spake, and those who were ready for this work answered, and they separated this way and that, each starting to search. For by the night winds the footsteps had been effaced where the sand was stirred. The two sons of Boreas started up, trusting in their wings; and Euphemus, relying on his swift feet, and Lynceus to cast far his piercing eyes; and with them darted off Canthus, the fifth. He was urged on by the doom of the gods and his own courage, that he might learn for certain from Heracles where he had left Polyphemus, son of Eilatus; for he was minded to question him on every point concerning his comrade. But that hero had founded a glorious city among the Mysians, and, yearning for his home-return, had passed far over the mainland in search of Argo; and in time he reached the land of the Chalybes, who dwell near the sea; there it was that his fate subdued him. And to him a monument stands under a tall poplar, just facing the sea. But that day Lynceus thought he saw Heracles all alone, far off, over measureless land, as a man at the month’s beginning sees, or thinks he sees, the moon through a bank of cloud. And he returned and told his comrades that no other searcher would find Heracles on his way, and they also came back, and swift-footed Euphemus and the twin sons of Thracian Boreas, after a vain toil.

1486πώεσι φερβομένοισι συνήντεες· εἵπετο δʼ ἀνὴρ αὐλίτης, ὅ σʼ ἑῶν μήλων πέρι, τόφρʼ ἑτάροισιν δευομένοις κομίσειας, ἀλεξόμενος κατέπεφνεν λᾶι βαλών· ἐπεὶ οὐ μὲν ἀφαυρότερός γʼ ἐτέτυκτο, 1490υἱωνὸς Φοίβοιο Λυκωρείοιο Κάφαυρος κούρης τʼ αἰδοίης Ἀκακαλλίδος, ἥν ποτε Μίνως ἐς Λιβύην ἀπένασσε θεοῦ βαρὺ κῦμα φέρουσαν, θυγατέρα σφετέρην· ἡ δʼ ἀγλαὸν υἱέα Φοίβῳ τίκτεν, ὃν Ἀμφίθεμιν Γαράμαντά τε κικλήσκουσιν. 1495Ἀμφίθεμις δʼ ἄρʼ ἔπειτα μίγη Τριτωνίδι νύμφῃ· ἡ δʼ ἄρα οἱ Νασάμωνα τέκεν κρατερόν τε Κάφαυρον, ὃς τότε Κάνθον ἔπεφνεν ἐπὶ ῥήνεσσιν ἑοῖσιν. οὐδʼ ὅγʼ ἀριστήων χαλεπὰς ἠλεύατο χεῖρας, ὡς μάθον οἷον ἔρεξε. νέκυν δʼ ἀνάειραν ὀπίσσω 1500πευθόμενοι Μινύαι, γαίῃ δʼ ἐνὶ ταρχύσαντο μυρόμενοι· τὰ δὲ μῆλα μετὰ σφέας οἵγʼ ἐκόμισσαν.

But thee, Canthus, the fates of death seized in Libya. On pasturing flocks didst thou light; and there followed a shepherd who, in defence of his own sheep, while thou wert leading them off to thy comrades in their need, slew thee by the cast of a stone; for he was no weakling, Caphaurus, the grandson of Lycoreian Phoebus and the chaste maiden Acacallis, whom once Minos drove from home to dwell in Libya, his own daughter, when she was bearing the gods’ heavy load; and she bare to Phoebus a glorious son, whom they call Amphithemis and Garamas. And Amphithemis wedded a Tritonian nymph; and she bare to him Nasamon and strong Caphaurus, who on that day in defending his sheep slew Canthus. But he escaped not the chieftains’ avenging hands, when they learned the deed he had done. And the Minyae, when they knew it, afterwards took up the corpse and buried it in the earth, mourning; and the sheep they took with them.

1502ἔνθα καὶ Ἀμπυκίδην αὐτῷ ἐνὶ ἤματι Μόψον νηλειὴς ἕλε πότμος· ἀδευκέα δʼ οὐ φύγεν αἶσαν μαντοσύναις· οὐ γάρ τις ἀποτροπίη θανάτοιο. 1505κεῖτο δʼ ἐπὶ ψαμάθοισι μεσημβρινὸν ἦμαρ ἀλύσκων δεινὸς ὄφις, νωθὴς μὲν ἑκὼν ἀέκοντα χαλέψαι· οὐδʼ ἂν ὑποτρέσσαντος ἐνωπαδὶς ἀίξειεν. ἀλλὰ μὲν ᾧ τὰ πρῶτα μελάγχιμον ἰὸν ἐνείη ζωόντων, ὅσα γαῖα φερέσβιος ἔμπνοα βόσκει, 1510οὐδʼ ὁπόσον πήχυιον ἐς Ἄιδα γίγνεται οἶμος, οὐδʼ εἰ Παιήων, εἴ μοι θέμις ἀμφαδὸν εἰπεῖν, φαρμάσσοι, ὅτε μοῦνον ἐνιχρίμψῃσιν ὀδοῦσιν. εὖτε γὰρ ἰσόθεος Λιβύην ὑπερέπτατο Περσεὺς Εὐρυμέδων—καὶ γὰρ τὸ κάλεσκέ μιν οὔνομα μήτηρ— 1515Γοργόνος ἀρτίτομον κεφαλὴν βασιλῆι κομίζων, ὅσσαι κυανέου στάγες αἵματος οὖδας ἵκοντο, αἱ πᾶσαι κείνων ὀφίων γένος ἐβλάστησαν. τῷ δʼ ἄκρην ἐπʼ ἄκανθαν ἐνεστηρίξατο Μόψος λαιὸν ἐπιπροφέρων ταρσὸν ποδός· αὐτὰρ ὁ μέσσην 1520κερκίδα καὶ μυῶνα, πέριξ ὀδύνῃσιν ἑλιχθείς, σάρκα δακὼν ἐχάραξεν. ἀτὰρ Μήδεια καὶ ἄλλαι ἔτρεσαν ἀμφίπολοι· ὁ δὲ φοίνιον ἕλκος ἄφασσεν θαρσαλέως, ἕνεκʼ οὔ μιν ὑπέρβιον ἄλγος ἔτειρεν. σχέτλιος· ἦ τέ οἱ ἤδη ὑπὸ χροῒ δύετο κῶμα 1525λυσιμελές, πολλὴ δὲ κατʼ ὀφθαλμῶν χέετʼ ἀχλύς. αὐτίκα δὲ κλίνας δαπέδῳ βεβαρηότα γυῖα ψύχετʼ ἀμηχανίῃ· ἕταροι δέ μιν ἀμφαγέροντο ἥρως τʼ Αἰσονίδης, ἀδινῇ περιθαμβέες ἄτῃ. οὐδὲ μὲν οὐδʼ ἐπὶ τυτθὸν ἀποφθίμενός περ ἔμελλεν 1530κεῖσθαι ὑπʼ ἠελίῳ. πύθεσκε γὰρ ἔνδοθι σάρκας ἰὸς ἄφαρ, μυδόωσα δʼ ἀπὸ χροὸς ἔρρεε λάχνη. αἶψα δὲ χαλκείῃσι βαθὺν τάφον ἐξελάχαινον ἐσσυμένως μακέλῃσιν· ἐμοιρήσαντο δὲ χαίτας αὐτοὶ ὁμῶς κοῦραί τε, νέκυν ἐλεεινὰ παθόντα 1535μυρόμενοι· τρὶς δʼ ἀμφὶ σὺν ἔντεσι δινηθέντες εὖ κτερέων ἴσχοντα, χυτὴν ἐπὶ γαῖαν ἔθεντο.

Thereupon on the same day a pitiless fate seized Mopsus too, son of Ampycus; and he escaped not a bitter doom by his prophesying; for there is no averting of death. Now there lay in the sand, avoiding the midday heat, a dread serpent, too sluggish of his own will to strike at an unwilling foe, nor yet would he dart full face at one that would shrink back. But into whatever of all living beings that life-giving earth sustains that serpent once injects his black venom, his path to Hades becomes not so much as a cubit’s length, not even if Paeëon, if it is right for me to say this openly, should tend him, when its teeth have only grazed the skin. For when over Libya flew godlike Perseus Eurymedon—for by that name his mother called him—bearing to the king the Gorgon’s head newly severed, all the drops of dark blood that fell to the earth, produced a brood of those serpents. Now Mopsus stepped on the end of its spine, setting thereon the sole of his left foot; and it writhed round in pain and bit and tore the flesh between the shin and the muscles. And Medea and her handmaids fled in terror; but Canthus bravely felt the bleeding wound; for no excessive pain harassed him. Poor wretch! Already a numbness that loosed his limbs was stealing beneath his skin, and a thick mist was spreading over his eyes. Straightway his heavy limbs sank helplessly to the ground and he grew cold; and his comrades and the hero, Aeson’s son, gathered round, marvelling at the close-coming doom. Nor yet though dead might he lie beneath the sun even for a little space. For at once the poison began to rot his flesh within, and the hair decayed and fell from the skin. And quickly and in haste they dug a deep grave with mattocks of bronze; and they tore their hair, the heroes and the maidens, bewailing the dead man’s piteous suffering; and when he had received due burial rites, thrice they marched round the tomb in full armour, and heaped above him a mound of earth.

People and places in this passage

English translation by R. C. Seaton (1912). Original text: George W. Mooney (ed.), Apollonii Rhodii Argonautica, London: Longmans, Green, 1912 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.