Theocritus · Idylls Εἰδύλλια

Theocritus, Idylls 22.1–223: Idyll 22: The Dioscuri

A hymn to Castor and Pollux, helpers of sailors and of men in battle. At a spring in the land of the Bebryces Pollux boxes with the giant Amycus and beats him, and Amycus swears never again to wrong strangers. Castor fights Lynceus and kills him, and Zeus strikes down Idas with a thunderbolt. The hymn ends with a prayer to the sons of Tyndarus and with praise of song.

Lines 22.1–223 · 2445 words · click a number to copy its link
1Ὑμνέομεν Λήδας τε καὶ αἰγιόχου Διὸς υἱώ, Κάστορα καὶ φοβερὸν Πολυδεύκεα πὺξ ἐρεθίζειν χεῖρας ἐπιζεύξαντα μέσας βοέοισιν ἱμᾶσιν. ὑμνέομεν καὶ δὶς καὶ τὸ τρίτον ἄρσενα τέκνα 5κούρης Θεστιάδος, Λακεδαιμονίους δύʼ ἀδελφούς, ἀνθρώπων σωτῆρας ἐπὶ ξυροῦ ἤδη ἐόντων, ἵππων θʼ αἱματόεντα ταρασσομένων καθʼ ὅμιλον, νηῶν θʼ, αἳ δύνοντα καὶ οὐρανὸν ἐξανύοντα ἄστρα βιαζόμεναι χαλεποῖς ἐνέκυρσαν ἀήταις. 10οἱ δέ σφεων κατὰ πρύμναν ἀείραντες μέγα κῦμα, ἠὲ καὶ ἐκ πρῴρηθεν, ἢ ὅππῃ θυμὸς ἑκάστου, ἐς κοίλην ἔρριψαν, ἀνέρρηξαν δʼ ἄρα τοίχους ἀμφοτέρους· κρέμαται δὲ σὺν ἱστίῳ ἄρμενα πάντα εἰκῇ ἀποκλασθέντα· πολὺς δʼ ἐξ οὐρανοῦ ὄμβρος 15νυκτὸς ἐφερπούσης· παταγεῖ δʼ εὐρεῖα θάλασσα, κοπτομένη πνοιαῖς τε καὶ ἀρρήκτοισι χαλάζαις. ἀλλʼ ἔμπης ὑμεῖς γε καὶ ἐκ βυθοῦ ἕλκετε νῆας αὐτοῖσιν ναύτῃσιν ὀιομένοις θανέεσθαι· αἶψα δʼ ἀπολήγοντʼ ἄνεμοι, λιπαρὴ δὲ γαλάνη 20ἀμπέλαγος· νεφέλαι δὲ διέδραμον ἄλλυδις ἄλλαι· ἐκ δʼ ἄρκτοι τʼ ἐφάνησαν, ὄνων τʼ ἀνὰ μέσσον ἀμαυρὴ φάτνη σημαίνοισα τὰ πρὸς πλόον εὔδια πάντα. ὦ ἄμφω θνητοῖσι βοηθόοι, ὦ φίλοι ἄμφω, ἱππῆες κιθαρισταί, ἀεθλητῆρες ἀοιδοί· 25Κάστορος ἢ πρώτου Πολυδεύκεος ἄρξομʼ ἀείδειν; ἀμφοτέρους ὑμνέων Πολυδεύκεα πρῶτον ἀείσω. Ἡ μὲν ἄρα προφυγοῦσα πέτρας εἰς ἓν ξυνιούσας Ἀργὼ καὶ νιφόεντος ἀταρτηρὸν στόμα Πόντου Βέβρυκας εἰσαφίκανε θεῶν φίλα τέκνα φέρουσα. 30ἔνθα μιῆς πολλοὶ κατὰ κλίμακος ἀμφοτέρων ἒξ τοίχων ἄνδρες ἔβαινον Ἰησονίης ἀπὸ νηός. ἐκβάντες δʼ ἐπὶ θῖνα βαθὺν καὶ ὑπήνεμον ἀκτὴν εὐνάς τʼ ἐστόρνυντο πυρεῖά τε χερσὶν ἐνώμων.

WE hymn the children twain of Leda, and of aegis-bearing Zeus,—Castor, and Pollux, the boxer dread, when he hath harnessed his knuckles in thongs of ox-hide. Twice hymn we, and thrice the stalwart sons of the daughter of Thestias, the two brethren of Lacedaemon. Succourers are they of men in the very thick of peril, and of horses maddened in the bloody press of battle, and of ships that, defying the stars that set and rise in heaven, have encountered the perilous breath of storms. The winds raise huge billows about their stern, yea, or from the prow, or even as each wind wills, and cast them into the hold of the ship, and shatter both bulwarks, while with the sail hangs all the gear confused and broken, and the storm-rain falls from heaven as night creeps on, and the wide sea rings, being lashed by the gusts, and by showers of iron hail.

Yet even so do ye draw forth the ships from the abyss, with their sailors that looked immediately to die; and instantly the winds are still, and there is an oily calm along the sea, and the clouds flee apart, this way and that, also the Bears appear, and in the midst, dimly seen, the Asses’ manger, declaring that all is smooth for sailing.

O ye twain that aid all mortals, O beloved pair, ye knights, ye harpers, ye wrestlers, ye minstrels, of Castor, or of Polydeuces first shall I begin to sing? Of both of you will I make my hymn, but first will I sing of Polydeuces.

Even already had Argo fled forth from the Clashing Rocks, and the dread jaws of snowy Pontus, and was come to the land of the Bebryces, with her crew, dear children of the gods. There all the heroes disembarked, down one ladder, from both sides of the ship of Iason. When they had landed on the deep seashore and a sea-bank sheltered from the wind, they strewed their beds, and their hands were busy with firewood.

34Κάστωρ δʼ αἰολόπωλος ὅ τʼ οἰνωπὸς Πολυδεύκης 35ἄμφω ἐρημάζεσκον ἀποπλαγχθέντες ἑταίρων, παντοίην ἐν ὄρει θηεύμενοι ἄγριον ὕλην. εὗρον δʼ ἀέναον κρήνην ὑπὸ λισσάδι πέτρῃ ὕδατι πεπληθυῖαν ἀκηράτῳ· αἱ δʼ ὑπένερθεν λάλλαι κρυστάλλῳ ἠδʼ ἀργύρῳ ἰνδάλλοντο 40ἐκ βυθοῦ· ὑψηλαὶ δὲ πεφύκεσαν ἀγχόθι πεῦκαι λεῦκαί τε πλάτανοί τε καὶ ἀκρόκομοι κυπάρισσοι, ἄνθεά τʼ εὐώδη, λασίαις φίλα ἔργα μελίσσαις, ὅσσʼ ἔαρος λήγοντος ἐπιβρύει ἀν λειμῶνας. ἔνθα δʼ ἀνὴρ ὑπέροπλος ἐνήμενος ἐνδιάασκε, 45δεινὸς ἰδεῖν, σκληραῖσι τεθλασμένος οὔατα πυγμαῖς· στήθεα δʼ ἐσφαίρωτο πελώρια καὶ πλατὺ νῶτον σαρκὶ σιδηρείῃ, σφυρήλατος οἷα κολοσσός. ἐν δὲ μύες στερεοῖσι βραχίοσιν ἄκρον ὑπʼ ὦμον ἕστασαν ἠύτε πέτροι ὁλοίτροχοι, οὕστε κυλίνδων 50χειμάρρους ποταμὸς μεγάλαις περιέξεσε δίναις· αὐτὰρ ὑπὲρ νώτοιο καὶ αὐχένος ᾐωρεῖτο ἄκρων δέρμα λέοντος ἀφημμένον ἐκ ποδεώνων. τὸν πρότερος προσέειπεν ἀεθλοφόρος Πολυδεύκης. χαῖρε ξεῖνʼ, ὅτις ἐσσί. τίνες βροτοί, ὧν ὅδε χῶρος; 55χαίρω πῶς, ὅτε τʼ ἄνδρας ὁρῶ, τοὺς μὴ πρὶν ὄπωπα; θάρσει. μήτʼ ἀδίκους μήτʼ ἐξ ἀδίκων φάθι λεύσσειν. θαρσέω, κοὐκ ἐκ σεῦ με διδάσκεσθαι τόδʼ ἔοικεν. ἄγριος εἶ, πρὸς πάντα παλίγκοτος, ἢ ὑπερόπτης; τοιόσδʼ οἷον ὁρᾷς· τῆς σῆς γε μὲν οὐκ ἐπιβαίνω. 60ἔλθοις, καὶ ξενίων γε τυχὼν πάλιν οἴκαδʼ ἱκάνοις. μήτε σύ με ξείνιζε, τά τʼ ἐξ ἐμεῦ οὐκ ἐν ἑτοίμῳ. δαιμόνιʼ, οὐδʼ ἂν τοῦδε πιεῖν ὕδατος σύγε δοίης; γνώσεαι, εἴ σευ δῖψος ἀνειμένα χείλεα τέρσει. ἄργυρος ἢ τίς ὁ μισθός, ἐρεῖς, ᾧ κέν σε πίθοιμεν; 65εἷς ἑνὶ χεῖρας ἄειρον ἐναντίος ἀνδρὶ καταστάς. πυγμάχος, ἢ καὶ ποσσὶ θενὼν σκέλος; ………ὄμματά γʼ ὀρθὸς πὺξ διατεινάμενος σφετέρης μὴ φείδεο τέχνης. τίς γάρ, ὅτῳ χεῖρας καὶ ἐμοὺς συνερείσω ἱμάντας; ἐγγὺς ὁρᾷς· οὐ γύννις ἐὼν κεκλήσεθʼ ὁ πύκτης. 70ἦ καὶ ἄεθλον ἑτοῖμον, ἐφʼ ᾧ δηρισόμεθʼ ἄμφω σὸς μὲν ἐγώ, σὺ δʼ ἐμὸς κεκλήσεαι, αἴκε κρατήσω. ὀρνίθων φοινικολόφων τοιοίδε κυδοιμοί.

Then Castor of the swift steeds, and swart Polydeuces, these twain went wandering alone, apart from their fellows, and marvelling at all the various wildwood on the mountain. Beneath a smooth cliff they found an ever-flowing spring filled with the purest water, and the pebbles below shone like crystal or silver from the deep. Tall fir trees grew thereby, and white poplars, and planes, and cypresses with their lofty tufts of leaves, and there bloomed all fragrant flowers that fill the meadows when early summer is waning—dear work-steads of the hairy bees. But there a monstrous man was sitting in the sun, terrible of aspect; the bruisers’ hard fists had crushed his ears, and his mighty breast and his broad back were domed with iron flesh, like some huge statue of hammered iron. The muscles on his brawny arms, close by the shoulder, stood out like rounded rocks, that the winter torrent has rolled, and worn smooth, in the great swirling stream, but about his back and neck was draped a lion’s skin, hung by the claws. Him first accosted the champion, Polydeuces.

Polydeuces. Good luck to thee, stranger, whosoe’er thou art! What men are they that possess this land?

Amycus. What sort of luck, when I see men that I never saw before?

Polydeuces. Fear not! Be sure that those thou look’st on are neither evil, nor the children of evil men.

Amycus. No fear have I, and it is not for thee to teach me that lesson.

Polydeuces. Art thou a savage, resenting all address, or some vainglorious man?

Amycus. I am that thou see’st, and on thy land, at least, I trespass not.

Polydeuces. Come, and with kindly gifts return homeward again!

Amycus. Gift me no gifts, none such have I ready for thee.

Polydeuces. Nay, wilt thou not even grant us leave to taste this spring?

Amycus. That shalt thou learn when thirst has parched thy shrivelled lips.

Polydeuces. Will silver buy the boon, or with what price, prithee, may we gain thy leave?

Amycus. Put up thy hands and stand in single combat, man to man.

Polydeuces. A boxing-match, or is kicking fair, when we meet eye to eye?

Amycus. Do thy best with thy fists and spare not thy skill!

Polydeuces. And who is the man on whom I am to lay my hands and gloves?

Amycus. Thou see’st him close enough, the boxer will not prove a maiden!

Polydeuces. And is the prize ready, for which we two must fight?

Amycus. Thy man shall I be called (shouldst thou win), or thou mine, if I be victor.

Polydeuces. On such terms fight the red-crested birds of the game.

73εἴτʼ οὖν ὀρνίθεσσιν ἐοικότες εἴτε λέουσι γινόμεθʼ, οὐκ ἄλλῳ γε μαχεσσαίμεσθʼ ἐπʼ ἀέθλῳ. 75Ἦ ῥʼ Ἄμυκος, καὶ κόχλον ἑλὼν μυκήσατο κοίλην. οἱ δὲ θοῶς συνάγερθεν ὑπὸ σκιερὰς πλατανίστους κόχλου φυσηθέντος ἀεὶ Βέβρυκες κομόωντες. ὣς δʼ αὔτως ἥρωας ἰὼν ἐκαλέσσατο πάντας Μαγνήσσης ἀπὸ νηὸς ὑπείροχος ἐν δαῒ Κάστωρ. 80οἱ δʼ ἐπεὶ οὖν σπείρῃσιν ἐκαρτύναντο βοείαις χεῖρας καὶ περὶ γυῖα μακροὺς εἵλιξαν ἱμάντας, ἐς μέσσον σύναγον φόνον ἀλλήλοισι πνέοντες. ἔνθα πολύς σφισι μόχθος ἐπειγομένοισιν ἐτύχθη, ὁππότερος κατὰ νῶτα λάβοι φάος ἠελίοιο· 85ἰδρείῃ μέγαν ἄνδρα παρήλυθες ὦ Πολύδευκες, βάλλετο δʼ ἀκτίνεσσιν ἅπαν Ἀμύκοιο πρόσωπον. αὐτὰρ ὅγʼ ἐν θυμῷ κεχολωμένος ἵετο πρόσσω, χερσὶ τιτυσκόμενος. τοῦ δʼ ἄκρον τύψε γένειον Τυνδαρίδης ἐπιόντος· ὀρίνθη δὲ πλέον ἢ πρίν, 90σὺν δὲ μάχην ἐτάραξε, πολὺς δʼ ἐπέκειτο νενευκὼς ἐς γαῖαν. Βέβρυκες δʼ ἐπαΰτεον, οἱ δʼ ἑτέρωθεν ἥρωες κρατερὸν Πολυδεύκεα θαρσύνεσκον, δειδιότες μή πώς μιν ἐπιβρίσας δαμάσειε χώρῳ ἐνὶ στεινῷ Τιτυῷ ἐναλίγκιος ἀνήρ. 95ἤτοι ὅγʼ ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα παριστάμενος Διὸς υἱὸς ἀμφοτέρῃσιν ἄμυσσεν ἀμοιβαδίς, ἔσχεθε δʼ ὁρμῆς παῖδα Ποσειδάωνος ὑπερφίαλόν περ ἐόντα. ἔστη δὲ πληγαῖς μεθύων, ἐκ δʼ ἔπτυσεν αἷμα φοίνιον· οἱ δʼ ἅμα πάντες ἀριστῆες κελάδησαν, 100ὡς ἴδον ἕλκεα λυγρὰ περὶ στόμα τε γναθμούς τε· ὄμματα δʼ οἰδήσαντος ἀπεστείνωτο προσώπου. τὸν μὲν ἄναξ ἐτάρασσεν ἐτώσια χερσὶ προδεικνὺς πάντοθεν· ἀλλʼ ὅτε δή μιν ἀμηχανέοντʼ ἐνόησε, μέσσης ῥινὸς ὕπερθε κατʼ ὀφρύος ἤλασε πυγμῇ, 105πᾶν δʼ ἀπέσυρε μέτωπον ἐς ὀστέον. αὐτὰρ ὁ πληγεὶς ὕπτιος ἐν φύλλοισι τεθηλόσιν ἐξετανύσθη. ἔνθα μάχη δριμεῖα πάλιν γένετʼ ὀρθωθέντος· ἀλλήλους δʼ ὄλεκον στερεοῖς θείνοντες ἱμᾶσιν. ἀλλʼ ὁ μὲν ἐς στῆθός τε καὶ ἔξω χεῖρας ἐνώμα 110αὐχένος ἀρχηγὸς Βεβρύκων· ὁ δʼ ἀεικέσι πληγαῖς πᾶν συνέφυρε πρόσωπον ἀνίκητος Πολυδεύκης.

Amycus. Well, be we like birds or lions, we shall fight for no other stake.

So Amycus spoke, and seized and blew his hollow shell, and speedily the long-haired Bebryces gathered beneath the shadowy planes, at the blowing of the shell. And in likewise did Castor, eminent in war, go forth and summon all the heroes from the Magnesian ship. And the champions, when they had strengthened their fists with the stout ox-skin gloves, and bound long leathern thongs about their arms, stepped into the ring, breathing slaughter against each other. Then had they much ado, in that assault,—which should have the sun’s light at his back. But by thy skill, Polydeuces, thou didst outwit the giant, and the sun’s rays fell full on the face of Amycus. Then came he eagerly on in great wrath and heat, making play with his fists, but the son of Tyndarus smote him on the chin as he charged, maddening him even more, and the giant confused the fighting, laying on with all his weight, and going in with his head down. The Bebryces cheered their man, and on the other side the heroes still encouraged stout Polydeuces, for they feared lest the giant’s weight, a match for Tityus, might crush their champion in the narrow lists. But the son of Zeus stood to him, shifting his ground again and again, and kept smiting him, right and left, and somewhat checked the rush of the son of Posidon, for all his monstrous strength. Then he stood reeling like a drunken man under the blows, and spat out the red blood, while all the heroes together raised a cheer, as they marked the woful bruises about his mouth and jaws, and how, as his face swelled up, his eyes were half closed. Next, the prince teased him, feinting on every side but seeing now that the giant was all abroad, he planted his fist just above the middle of the nose, beneath the eyebrows, and skinned all the brow to the bone. Thus smitten, Amycus lay stretched on his back, among the flowers and grasses. There was fierce fighting when he arose again, and they bruised each other well, laying on with the hard weighted gloves; but the champion of the Bebryces was always playing on the chest, and outside the neck, while unconquered Polydeuces kept smashing his foeman’s face with ugly blows. The giant’s flesh was melting away in his sweat, till from a huge mass he soon became small enough, but the limbs of the other waxed always stronger, and his colour better, as he warmed to his work.

112σάρκες δʼ αἱ μὲν ἱδρῶτι συνίζανον, ἐκ μεγάλου δὲ αἶψʼ ὀλίγος γένετʼ ἀνδρός· ὁ δʼ αἰεὶ πάσσονα γυῖα ἁπτομένου φορέεσκε πόνου καὶ χροιῇ ἀμείνων. 115πῶς γὰρ δὴ Διὸς υἱὸς ἀδηφάγον ἄνδρα καθεῖλεν; εἰπὲ θεά, σὺ γὰρ οἶσθα· ἐγὼ δʼ ἑτέρων ὑποφήτης φθέγξομαι, ὡς ἐθέλεις σύ, καὶ ὅππως τοι φίλον αὐτῇ. Ἤτοι ὅγε ῥέξαί τι λιλαιόμενος μέγα ἔργον σκαιῇ μὲν σκαιὴν Πολυδεύκεος ἔλλαβε χεῖρα, 120δοχμὸς ἀπὸ προβολῆς κλινθείς, ἑτέρῃ δʼ ἐπιβαίνων δεξιτερῆς ἤνεγκεν ἀπὸ λαγόνος πλατὺ γυῖον. καί κε τυχὼν ἔβλαψεν Ἀμυκλαίων βασιλῆα. ἀλλʼ ὅγʼ ὑπεξανέδυ κεφαλῇ, στιβαρῇ δʼ ἅμα χειρὶ πλῆξεν ὑπὸ σκαιὸν κρόταφον καὶ ἐπέμπεσεν ὤμῳ· 125ἐκ δʼ ἐχύθη μέλαν αἷμα θοῶς κροτάφοιο χανόντος· λαιῇ δὲ στόμα κόψε, πυκνοὶ δʼ ἀράβησαν ὀδόντες· αἰεὶ δʼ ὀξυτέρῳ πιτύλῳ δηλεῖτο πρόσωπον, μέχρι συνηλοίησε παρήια. πᾶς δʼ ἐπὶ γαίῃ κεῖτʼ ἀλλοφρονέων, καὶ ἀνέσχεθε νεῖκος ἀπαυδῶν 130ἀμφοτέρας ἅμα χεῖρας, ἐπεὶ θανάτου σχεδὸν ἦεν. τὸν μὲν ἄρα κρατέων περ ἀτάσθαλον οὐδὲν ἔρεξας, ὦ πύκτη Πολύδευκες· ὄμοσσε δέ τοι μέγαν ὅρκον, ὃν πατέρʼ ἐκ πόντοιο Ποσειδάωνα κικλήσκων, μήποτʼ ἔτι ξείνοισιν ἑκὼν ἀνιηρὸς ἔσεσθαι. 135καὶ σὺ μὲν ὕμνησαί μοι ἄναξ. σὲ δὲ Κάστορ ἀείσω, Τυνδαρίδη ταχύπωλε δορυσσόε χαλκεοθώρηξ. τὼ μὲν ἀναρπάξαντε δύω φερέτην Διὸς υἱὼ δοιὰς Λευκίπποιο κόρας· δοιὼ δʼ ἄρα τώγε ἐσσυμένως ἐδίωκον ἀδελφεὼ υἷʼ Ἀφαρῆος, 140γαμβρὼ μελλογάμω, Λυγκεὺς καὶ ὁ καρτερὸς Ἴδας. ἀλλʼ ὅτε τύμβον ἵκανον ἀποφθιμένου Ἀφαρῆος, ἐκ δίφρων ἅμα πάντες ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισιν ὄρουσαν, ἔγχεσι καὶ κοίλοισι βαρυνόμενοι σακέεσσι. Λυγκεὺς δʼ αὖ μετέειπεν ὑπὲκ κόρυθος μέγʼ ἀύσας·

How then, at last, did the son of Zeus lay low the glutton? say goddess, for thou knowest, but I, who am but the interpreter of others, will speak all that thou wilt, and in such wise as pleases thee.

Now behold the giant was keen to do some great feat, so with his left hand he grasped the left of Polydeuces, stooping slantwise from his onset, while with his other hand he made his effort, and drove a huge fist up from his right haunch. Had his blow come home, he would have harmed the King of Amyclae, but he slipped his head out of the way, and then with his strong hand struck Amycus on the left temple, putting his shoulder into the blow. Quick gushed the black blood from the gaping temple, while Polydeuces smote the giant’s mouth with his left, and the close-set teeth rattled. And still he punished his face with quick-repeated blows, till the cheeks were fairly pounded. Then Amycus lay stretched all on the ground, fainting, and held out both his hands, to show that he declined the fight, for he was near to death.

There then, despite thy victory, didst thou work him no insensate wrong, O boxer Polydeuces, but to thee he swore a mighty oath, calling his sire Posidon from the deep, that assuredly never again would he be violent to strangers.

Thee have I hymned, my prince; but thee now, Castor, will I sing, O son of Tyndarus, O lord of the swift steeds, O wielder of the spear, thou that wearest the corselet of bronze.

Now these twain, the sons of Zeus, had seized and were bearing away the two daughters of Lycippus, and eagerly in sooth these two other brethren were pursuing them, the sons of Aphareus, even they that should soon have been the bridegrooms,—Lynceus and mighty Idas. But when they were come to the tomb of the dead Aphareus, then forth from their chariots they all sprang together, and set upon each other, under the weight of their spears and hollow shields. But Lynceus again spake, and shouted loud from under his vizor:—

145δαιμόνιοι, τί μάχης ἱμείρετε; πῶς δʼ ἐπὶ νύμφαις ἀλλοτρίαις χαλεποί, γυμναὶ δʼ ἐν χερσὶ μάχαιραι; ἡμῖν τοι Λεύκιππος ἑὰς ἕδνωσε θύγατρας τάσδε πολὺ προτέροις, ἡμῖν γάμος οὗτος ἐν ὅρκῳ· ὑμεῖς δʼ οὐ κατὰ κόσμον ἐπʼ ἀλλοτρίοις λεχέεσσιν 150βουσὶ καὶ ἡμιόνοισι καὶ ἄλλοισι κτεάτεσσιν ἄνδρα παρετρέψασθε, γάμον δʼ ἐκλέπτετε δώροις. ἦ μὰν πολλάκις ὔμμιν ἐνώπιον ἀμφοτέροισιν αὐτὸς ἐγὼ τάδʼ ἔειπα καὶ οὐ πολύμυθος ἐών περ· οὐχ οὕτω φίλοι ἄνδρες ἀριστήεσσιν ἔοικε 155μνηστεύειν ἀλόχους, αἷς νυμφίοι ἤδη ἑτοῖμοι. πολλή τοι Σπάρτη, πολλὴ δʼ ἱππήλατος Ἦλις, Ἀρκαδίη τʼ εὔμηλος Ἀχαιῶν τε πτολίεθρα, Μεσσήνη τε καὶ Ἄργος ἅπασά τε Σισυφὶς ἀκτή· ἔνθα κόραι τοκέεσσιν ὑπὸ σφετέροισι τρέφονται 160μυρίαι οὔτε φυῆς ἐπιδευέες οὔτε νόοιο. τάων εὐμαρὲς ὔμμιν ὀπυίειν ἅς κʼ ἐθέλητε· ὡς ἀγαθοῖς πολέες βούλοιντό κε πενθεροὶ εἶναι· ὑμεῖς δʼ ἐν πάντεσσι διάκριτοι ἡρώεσσι, καὶ πατέρες καὶ ἄνωθεν ἅπαν πατρώιον αἷμα. 165ἀλλὰ φίλοι τοῦτον μὲν ἐάσατε πρὸς τέλος ἐλθεῖν ἄμμι γάμον· σφῷν δʼ ἄλλον ἐπιφραζώμεθα πάντες. ἴσκον τοιάδε πολλά, τὰ δʼ εἰς ὑγρὸν ᾤχετο κῦμα πνοιὴ ἔχουσʼ ἀνέμοιο, χάρις δʼ οὐχ ἕσπετο μύθοις. σφὼ γὰρ ἀκηλήτω καὶ ἀπηνέες. ἀλλʼ ἔτι καὶ νῦν 170πείθεσθʼ· ἄμφω δʼ ἄμμιν ἀνεψιὼ ἐκ πατρὸς ἐστόν. εἰ δʼ ὑμῖν κραδίη πόλεμον ποθεῖ, αἵματι δὲ χρὴ νεῖκος ἀναρρήξαντας ὁμοίιον ἔγχεα λοῦσαι, Ἴδας μὲν καὶ ὅμαιμος ἐμός, κρατερὸς Πολυδεύκης, χεῖρας ἐρωήσουσιν ἀπεχθομένης ὑσμίνης, 175νῶι δʼ, ἐγὼ Κάστωρ τε, διακρινώμεθʼ ἄρηι ὁπλοτέρω γεγαῶτε. γονεῦσι δὲ μὴ πολὺ πένθος ἡμετέροισι λίπωμεν. ἅλις νέκυς ἐξ ἑνὸς οἴκου εἷς· ἀτὰρ ὥλλοι πάντες ἐυφρανέουσιν ἑταίρους νυμφίοι ἀντὶ νεκρῶν, ὑμεναιώσουσι δὲ κούρας 180τάσδʼ· ὀλίγῳ τοι ἔοικε κακῷ μέγα νεῖκος ἀναιρεῖν.

‘Sirs, wherefore desire ye battle, and how are ye thus violent to win the brides of others with naked swords in your hands. To us, behold, did Leucippus betroth these his daughters long before; to us this bridal is by oath confirmed. And ye did not well, in that to win the wives of others ye perverted him with gifts of oxen, and mules, and other wealth, and so won wedlock by bribes. Lo many a time, in face of both of you, I have spoken thus, I that am not a man of many words, saying,—“Not thus, dear friends, does it become heroes to woo their wives, wives that already have bridegrooms betrothed. Lo Sparta is wide, and wide is Elis, a land of chariots and horses, and Arcadia rich in sheep, and there are the citadels of the Achaeans, and Messenia, and Argos, and all the sea-coast of Sisyphus. There be maidens by their parents nurtured, maidens countless, that lack not aught in wisdom or in comeliness. Of these ye may easily win such as ye will, for many are willing to be the fathers-in-law of noble youths, and ye are the very choice of heroes all, as your fathers were, and all your father’s kin, and all your blood from of old. But, friends, let this our bridal find its due conclusion, and for you let all of us seek out another marriage.”

‘Many such words I would speak, but the wind’s breath bare them away to the wet wave of the sea, and no favour followed with my words. For ye twain are hard and ruthless,—nay, but even now do ye listen, for ye are our cousins, and kin by the father’s side. But if your heart yet lusts for war, and with blood we must break up the kindred strife, and end the feud, then Idas and his cousin, mighty Polydeuces, shall hold their hands and abstain from battle, but let us twain, Castor and I, the younger born, try the ordeal of war! Let us not leave the heaviest of grief to our fathers! Enough is one slain man from a house, but the others will make festival for all their friends, and will be bridegrooms, not slain men, and will wed these maidens. Lo, it is fitting with light loss to end a great dispute.’

181εἶπε, τὰ δʼ οὐκ ἄρʼ ἔμελλε θεὸς μεταμώνια θήσειν. τὼ μὲν γὰρ ποτὶ γαῖαν ἀπʼ ὤμων τεύχεʼ ἔθεντο, ὣ γενεῇ προφέρεσκον· ὁ δʼ ἐς μέσον ἤλυθε Λυγκεύς, σείων καρτερὸν ἔγχος ὑπʼ ἀσπίδος ἄντυγα πρώτην· 185ὣς δʼ αὔτως ἄκρας ἐτινάξατο δούρατος ἀκμὰς Κάστωρ· ἀμφοτέροις δὲ λόφων ἐπένευον ἔθειραι. ἔγχεσι μὲν πρώτιστα τιτυσκόμενοι πόνον εἶχον ἀλλήλων, εἴ πού τι χροὸς γυμνωθὲν ἴδοιεν. ἀλλʼ ἤτοι τὰ μὲν ἄκρα πάρος τινὰ δηλήσασθαι 190δοῦρʼ ἐάγη, σακέεσσιν ἐνὶ δεινοῖσι παγέντα. τὼ δʼ ἄορ ἐκ κολεοῖο ἐρυσσαμένω φόνον αὖτις τεῦχον ἐπʼ ἀλλήλοισι· μάχης δʼ οὐ γίνετʼ ἐρωή. πολλὰ μὲν ἐς σάκος εὐρὺ καὶ ἱππόκομον τρυφάλειαν Κάστωρ, πολλὰ δʼ ἔνυξεν ἀκριβὴς ὄμμασι Λυγκεὺς 195τοῖο σάκος, φοίνικα δʼ ὅσον λόφον ἵκετʼ ἀκωκή. τοῦ μὲν ἄκρην ἐκόλουσεν ἐπὶ σκαιὸν γόνυ χεῖρα φάσγανον ὀξὺ φέροντος ὑπεξαναβὰς ποδὶ Κάστωρ σκαιῷ· ὁ δὲ πληγεὶς ξίφος ἔκβαλεν, αἶψα δὲ φεύγειν ὡρμήθη ποτὶ σῆμα πατρός, τόθι καρτερὸς Ἴδας 200κεκλιμένος θηεῖτο μάχην ἐμφύλιον ἀνδρῶν. ἀλλὰ μεταΐξας πλατὺ φάσγανον ὦσε διαπρὸ Τυνδαρίδης λαγόνος τε καὶ ὀμφαλοῦ· ἔγκατα δʼ εἴσω χαλκὸς ἄφαρ διέχευεν· ὁ δʼ ἐς στόμα κεῖτο νενευκὼς Λυγκεύς, κὰδ δʼ ἄρα οἱ βλεφάρων βαρὺς ἔδραμεν ὕπνος. 205οὐ μὰν οὐδὲ τὸν ἄλλον ἐφʼ ἑστίῃ εἶδε πατρῴῃ παίδων Λαοκόωσσα φίλον γάμον ἐκτελέσαντα. ἦ γὰρ ὅγε στήλην Ἀφαρηίου ἐξανέχουσαν τύμβου ἀναρρήξας ταχέως Μεσσήνιος Ἴδας μέλλε κασιγνήτοιο βαλεῖν σφετέροιο φονῆα· 210ἀλλὰ Ζεὺς ἐπάμυνε, χερῶν δέ οἱ ἔκβαλε τυκτὴν μάρμαρον, αὐτὸν δὲ φλογέῳ συνέφλεξε κεραυνῷ. οὕτως Τυνδαρίδαις πολεμιζέμεν οὐκ ἐν ἐλαφρῷ. αὐτοί τε κρατέοντε καὶ ἐκ κρατέοντος ἔφυσαν. χαίρετε Λήδας τέκνα, καὶ ἡμετέροις κλέος ὕμνοις 215ἐσθλὸν ἀεὶ πέμποιτε· φίλοι δέ τε πάντες ἀοιδοὶ Τυνδαρίδαις Ἑλένῃ τε καὶ ἄλλοις ἡρώεσσιν, Ἴλιον οἳ διέπερσαν ἀρήγοντες Μενελάῳ.

So he spake, and these words the gods were not to make vain. For the elder pair laid down their harness from their shoulders on the ground, but Lynceus stepped into the midst, swaying his mighty spear beneath the outer rim of his shield, and even so did Castor sway his spear-points, and the plumes were nodding above the crests of each. With the sharp spears long they laboured and tilted at each other, if perchance they might anywhere spy a part of the flesh unarmed. But ere either was wounded the spear-points were broken, fast stuck in the linden shields. Then both drew their swords from the sheaths, and again devised each the other’s slaying, and there was no truce in the fight. Many a time did Castor smite on broad shield and horse-hair crest, and many a time the keen-sighted Lynceus smote upon his shield, and his blade just shore the scarlet plume. Then, as he aimed the sharp sword at the left knee, Castor drew back with his left foot, and hacked the fingers off the hand of Lynceus. Then he being smitten cast away his sword, and turned swiftly to flee to the tomb of his father, where mighty Idas lay, and watched this strife of kinsmen. But the son of Tyndarus sped after him, and drove the broad sword through bowels and navel, and instantly the bronze cleft all in twain, and Lynceus bowed, and on his face he lay fallen on the ground, and forthwith heavy sleep rushed down upon his eyelids.

Nay, nor that other of her children did Laocoosa see, by the hearth of his fathers, after he had fulfilled a happy marriage. For lo, Messenian Idas did swiftly break away the standing stone from the tomb of his father Aphareus, and now he would have smitten the slayer of his brother, but Zeus defended him and drave the polished stone from the hands of Idas, and utterly consumed him with a flaming thunderbolt.

Thus it is no light labour to war with the sons of Tyndarus, for a mighty pair are they, and mighty is he that begat them.

Farewell, ye children of Leda, and all goodly renown send ye ever to our singing. Dear are all minstrels to the sons of Tyndarus, and to Helen, and to the other heroes that sacked Troy in aid of Menelaus.

218ὑμῖν κῦδος ἄνακτες ἐμήσατο Χῖος ἀοιδός, ὑμνήσας Πριάμοιο πόλιν καὶ νῆας Ἀχαιῶν 220Ἰλιάδας τε μάχας Ἀχιλῆά τε πύργον ἀυτῆς· ὑμῖν αὖ καὶ ἐγὼ λιγεῶν μειλίγματα Μουσέων, οἷʼ αὐταὶ παρέχουσι καὶ ὡς ἐμὸς οἶκος ὑπάρχει, τοῖα φέρω. γεράων δὲ θεοῖς κάλλιστον ἀοιδαί.

For you, O princes, the bard of Chios wrought renown, when he sang the city of Priam, and the ships of the Achaeans, and the Ilian war, and Achilles, a tower of battle. And to you, in my turn, the charms of the clear-voiced Muses, even all that they can give, and all that my house has in store, these do I bring. The fairest meed of the gods is song.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Andrew Lang (1889). Original text: R. J. Cholmeley (ed.), The Idylls of Theocritus, London: George Bell and Sons, 1901-1919 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.