Theocritus · Idylls Εἰδύλλια

Theocritus, Idylls 11.1–81: Idyll 11: The Cyclops' love for Galatea

The poet tells his friend, the physician Nicias, that the only cure for love is song. It tells how the Cyclops Polyphemus, in love with Galatea, sat by the sea and sang to her and was eased by it. He praises his flocks and his cave and reproaches himself for pursuing her.

Lines 11.1–81 · 972 words · click a number to copy its link
1οὐδὲν πὸτ τὸν ἔρωτα πεφύκει φάρμακον ἄλλο Νικία οὔτʼ ἔγχριστον, ἐμὶν δοκεῖ, οὔτʼ ἐπίπαστον, ἢ ταὶ Πιερίδες· κοῦφον δέ τι τοῦτο καὶ ἁδὺ γίνετʼ ἐπʼ ἀνθρώποις, εὑρεῖν δʼ οὐ ῥᾴδιόν ἐστι. 5γινώσκειν δʼ οἶμαί τυ καλῶς ἰατρὸν ἐόντα καὶ ταῖς ἐννέα δὴ πεφιλάμενον ἔξοχα Μοίσαις. οὕτω γοῦν ῥάιστα διᾶγʼ ὁ Κύκλωψ ὁ παρʼ ἁμῖν, ὡρχαῖος Πολύφαμος, ὅκʼ ἤρατο τᾶς Γαλατείας, ἄρτι γενειάσδων περὶ τὸ στόμα τὼς κροτάφως τε. 10ἤρατο δʼ οὐ μάλοις οὐδὲ ῥόδῳ οὐδὲ κικίννοις, ἀλλʼ ὀρθαῖς μανίαις, ἁγεῖτο δὲ πάντα πάρεργα. πολλάκι ταὶ ὄιες ποτὶ ταὐλίον αὐταὶ ἀπῆνθον χλωρᾶς ἐκ βοτάνας· ὁ δὲ τὰν Γαλάτειαν ἀείδων αὐτόθʼ ἐπʼ ἀιόνος κατετάκετο φυκιοέσσας 15ἐξ ἀοῦς, ἔχθιστον ἔχων ὑποκάρδιον ἕλκος Κύπριδος ἐκ μεγάλας, τό οἱ ἥπατι πᾶξε βέλεμνον. ἀλλὰ τὸ φάρμακον εὗρε, καθεζόμενος δʼ ἐπὶ πέτρας ὑψηλᾶς ἐς πόντον ὁρῶν ἄειδε τοιαῦτα. Ὦ λευκὰ Γαλάτεια, τί τὸν φιλέοντʼ ἀποβάλλῃ; 20λευκοτέρα πακτᾶς ποτιδεῖν, ἁπαλωτέρα ἀρνός, μόσχω γαυροτέρα, σφριγανωτέρα ὄμφακος ὠμᾶς. φοιτῇς δʼ αὖθʼ οὑτῶς, ὅκκα γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἔχῃ με, οἴχῃ δʼ εὐθὺς ἰοῖσʼ, ὅκκα γλυκὺς ὕπνος ἀνῇ με, φεύγεις δʼ ὥσπερ ὄις πολιὸν λύκον ἀθρήσασα. 25ἠράσθην μὲν ἔγωγα τεοῦς κόρα, ἁνίκα πρᾶτον ἦνθες ἐμᾷ σὺν ματρὶ θέλοισʼ ὑακίνθινα φύλλα ἐξ ὄρεος δρέψασθαι, ἐγὼ δʼ ὁδὸν ἁγεμόνευον. παύσασθαι δʼ ἐσιδών τυ καὶ ὕστερον οὐδέ τί πᾳ νῦν ἐκ τήνω δύναμαι· τὶν δʼ οὐ μέλει, οὐ μὰ Δίʼ οὐδέν. 30γινώσκω χαρίεσσα κόρα, τίνος ὥνεκα φεύγεις· ὥνεκά μοι λασία μὲν ὀφρῦς ἐπὶ παντὶ μετώπῳ ἐξ ὠτὸς τέταται ποτὶ θὥτερον ὦς μία μακρά, εἷς δʼ ὀφθαλμὸς ἔπεστι, πλατεῖα δὲ ῥὶς ἐπὶ χείλει. ἀλλʼ οὗτος τοιοῦτος ἐὼν βοτὰ χίλια βόσκω, 35κἠκ τούτων τὸ κράτιστον ἀμελγόμενος γάλα πίνω· τυρὸς δʼ οὐ λείπει μʼ οὔτʼ ἐν θέρει οὔτʼ ἐν ὀπώρᾳ, οὐ χειμῶνος ἄκρω· ταρσοὶ δʼ ὑπεραχθέες αἰεί.

THERE is none other medicine, Nicias, against Love, neither unguent, methinks, nor salve to sprinkle,—none, save the Muses of Pieria! Now a delicate thing is their minstrelsy in man’s life, and a sweet, but hard to procure. Methinks thou know’st this well, who art thyself a leech, and beyond all men art plainly dear to the Muses nine.

’Twas surely thus the Cyclops fleeted his life most easily, he that dwelt among us,—Polyphemus of old time,—when the beard was yet young on his cheek and chin; and he loved Galatea. He loved, not with apples, not roses, nor locks of hair, but with fatal frenzy, and all things else he held but trifles by the way. Many a time from the green pastures would his ewes stray back, self-shepherded, to the fold. But he was singing of Galatea, and pining in his place he sat by the sea-weed of the beach, from the dawn of day, with the direst hurt beneath his breast of mighty Cypris’s sending,—the wound of her arrow in his heart!

Yet this remedy he found, and sitting on the crest of the tall cliff, and looking to the deep, ’twas thus he would sing:—

Song of the Cyclops.

O milk-white Galatea, why cast off him that loves thee? More white than is pressed milk to look upon, more delicate than the lamb art thou, than the young calf wantoner, more sleek than the unripened grape! Here dost thou resort, even so, when sweet sleep possesses me, and home straightway dost thou depart when sweet sleep lets me go, fleeing me like an ewe that has seen the grey wolf.

I fell in love with thee, maiden, I, on the day when first thou camest, with my mother, and didst wish to pluck the hyacinths from the hill, and I was thy guide on the way. But to leave loving thee, when once I had seen thee, neither afterward, nor now at all, have I the strength, even from that hour. But to thee all this is as nothing, by Zeus, nay, nothing at all!

I know, thou gracious maiden, why it is that thou dost shun me. It is all for the shaggy brow that spans all my forehead, from this to the other ear, one long unbroken eyebrow. And but one eye is on my forehead, and broad is the nose that overhangs my lip. Yet I (even such as thou seest me) feed a thousand cattle, and from these I draw and drink the best milk in the world. And cheese I never lack, in summer time or autumn, nay, nor in the dead of winter, but my baskets are always overladen.

38συρίσδεν δʼ ὡς οὔτις ἐπίσταμαι ὧδε Κυκλώπων, τὶν τὸ φίλον γλυκύμαλον ἁμᾷ κἠμαυτὸν ἀείδων 40πολλάκι νυκτὸς ἀωρί. τρέφω δέ τοι ἕνδεκα νεβρὼς πάσας μηνοφόρως καὶ σκύμνως τέσσαρας ἄρκτων. ἀλλʼ ἀφίκευσο ποθʼ ἁμέ, καὶ ἑξεῖς οὐδὲν ἔλασσον, τὰν γλαυκὰν δὲ θάλασσαν ἔα ποτὶ χέρσον ὀρεχθεῖν. ἅδιον ἐν τὤντρῳ παρʼ ἐμὶν τὰν νύκτα διαξεῖς. 45ἐντὶ δάφναι τηνεῖ, ἐντὶ ῥαδιναὶ κυπάρισσοι, ἔστι μέλας κισσός, ἔστʼ ἄμπελος ἁ γλυκύκαρπος, ἔστι ψυχρὸν ὕδωρ, τό μοι ἁ πολυδένδρεος Αἴτνα λευκᾶς ἐκ χιόνος ποτὸν ἀμβρόσιον προΐητι. τίς κα τῶνδε θάλασσαν ἔχειν καὶ κύμαθʼ ἕλοιτο; 50αἰ δέ τοι αὐτὸς ἐγὼ δοκέω λασιώτερος ἦμεν, ἐντὶ δρυὸς ξύλα μοι καὶ ὑπὸ σποδῷ ἀκάματον πῦρ. καιόμενος δʼ ὑπὸ τεῦς καὶ τὰν ψυχὰν ἀνεχοίμαν καὶ τὸν ἕνʼ ὀφθαλμόν, τῶ μοι γλυκερώτερον οὐδέν. ὤμοι, ὅ τʼ οὐκ ἔτεκέν μʼ ἁ μάτηρ βραγχίʼ ἔχοντα, 55ὡς κατέδυν ποτὶ τὶν καὶ τὰν χέρα τευς ἐφίλασα, αἰ μὴ τὸ στόμα λῇς, ἔφερον δέ τοι ἢ κρίνα λευκὰ ἢ μάκωνʼ ἁπαλὰν ἐρυθρὰ πλαταγώνιʼ ἔχοισαν. ἀλλὰ τὰ μὲν θέρεος, τὰ δὲ γίνεται ἐν χειμῶνι, ὥστʼ οὐκ ἄν τοι ταῦτα φέρειν ἅμα πάντʼ ἐδυνάθην. 60νῦν μὰν ὦ κόριον, νῦν αὐτόγα νεῖν κε μάθοιμι, αἴκά τις σὺν ναῒ πλέων ξένος ὧδʼ ἀφίκηται, ὡς εἰδῶ, τί ποθʼ ἁδὺ κατοικεῖν τὸν βυθὸν ὔμμιν. ἐξένθοις Γαλάτεια καὶ ἐξενθοῖσα λάθοιο ὥσπερ ἐγὼ νῦν ὧδε καθήμενος οἴκαδʼ ἀπενθεῖν. 65ποιμαίνειν δʼ ἐθέλοις σὺν ἐμὶν ἅμα καὶ γάλʼ ἀμέλγειν καὶ τυρὸν πᾶξαι τάμισον δριμεῖαν ἐνεῖσα. ἁ μάτηρ ἀδικεῖ με μόνα, καὶ μέμφομαι αὐτᾷ· οὐδὲν πήποχʼ ὅλως ποτὶ τὶν φίλον εἶπεν ὑπέρ μευ, καὶ ταῦτʼ ἆμαρ ἐπʼ ἆμαρ ὁρεῦσά με λεπτὸν ἐόντα. 70φασῶ τὰν κεφαλὰν καὶ τὼς πόδας ἀμφοτέρως μευ σφύζειν, ὡς ἀνιαθῇ, ἐπεὶ κἠγὼν ἀνιῶμαι. ὦ Κύκλωψ Κύκλωψ, πᾷ τὰς φρένας ἐκπεπότασαι; αἴκʼ ἐνθὼν θαλάρως τε πλέκοις καὶ θαλλὸν ἀμάσας ταῖς ἄρνεσσι φέροις, τάχα κα πολὺ μᾶλλον ἔχοις νῶν.

Also I am skilled in piping, as none other of the Cyclopes here, and of thee, my love, my sweet-apple, and of myself too I sing, many a time, deep in the night. And for thee I tend eleven fawns, all crescent-browed, and four young whelps of the bear.

Nay, come thou to me, and thou shalt lack nothing that now thou hast. Leave the grey sea to roll against the land; more sweetly, in this cavern, shalt thou fleet the night with me! Thereby the laurels grow, and there the slender cypresses, there is the ivy dun, and the sweet clustered grapes; there is chill water, that for me deep-wooded Ætna sends down from the white snow, a draught divine! Ah who, in place of these, would choose the sea to dwell in, or the waves of the sea?

But if thou dost refuse because my body seems shaggy and rough, well, I have faggots of oakwood, and beneath the ashes is fire unwearied, and I would endure to let thee burn my very soul, and this my one eye, the dearest thing that is mine.

Ah me, that my mother bore me not a finny thing, so would I have gone down to thee, and kissed thy hand, if thy lips thou would not suffer me to kiss! And I would have brought thee either white lilies, or the soft poppy with its scarlet petals. Nay, these are summer’s flowers, and those are flowers of winter, so I could not have brought thee them all at one time.

Now, verily, maiden, now and here will I learn to swim, if perchance some stranger come hither, sailing with his ship, that I may see why it is so dear to thee, to have thy dwelling in the deep.

Come forth, Galatea, and forget as thou comest, even as I that sit here have forgotten, the homeward way! Nay, choose with me to go shepherding, with me to milk the flocks, and to pour the sharp rennet in, and to fix the cheeses.

There is none that wrongs me but that mother of mine, and her do I blame. Never, nay, never once has she spoken a kind word for me to thee, and that though day by day she beholds me wasting. I will tell her that my head, and both my feet are throbbing, that she may somewhat suffer, since I too am suffering.

O Cyclops, Cyclops, whither are thy wits wandering? Ah that thou wouldst go, and weave thy wicker-work, and gather broken boughs to carry to thy lambs: in faith, if thou didst this, far wiser wouldst thou be!

75τὰν παρεοῖσαν ἄμελγε. τί τὸν φεύγοντα διώκεις; εὑρησεῖς Γαλάτειαν ἴσως καὶ καλλίονʼ ἄλλαν. πολλαὶ συμπαίσδέν με κόραι τὰν νύκτα κέλονται, κιχλίζοντι δὲ πᾶσαι, ἐπεί κʼ αὐταῖς ὑπακούσω δῆλον ὅ τʼ ἐν τᾷ γᾷ κἠγώ τις φαίνομαι ἦμεν. 80οὕτω τοι Πολύφαμος ἐποίμαινεν τὸν ἔρωτα μουσίσδων, ῥᾷον δὲ διᾶγʼ ἢ εἰ χρυσὸν ἔδωκεν.

Milk the ewe that thou hast, why pursue the thing that shuns thee? Thou wilt find, perchance, another, and a fairer Galatea. Many be the girls that bid me play with them through the night, and softly they all laugh, if perchance I answer them. On land it is plain that I too seem to be somebody!

* * * * *

Lo, thus Polyphemus still shepherded his love with song, and lived lighter than if he had given gold for ease.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Andrew Lang (1889). Original text: R. J. Cholmeley (ed.), The Idylls of Theocritus, London: George Bell and Sons, 1901-1919 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Idylls 11.1–81: The Cyclops' love for Galatea | Theocritus