Theocritus · Idylls Εἰδύλλια

Theocritus, Idylls 8.1–93: Idyll 8: Menalcas and Daphnis' singing match

Daphnis, a neatherd, and Menalcas, a shepherd, meet on the hills and agree to sing a match for a pipe, with a goatherd as judge. They sing in turn of their loves and their herds. The goatherd gives the victory to Daphnis, and Menalcas is left sorrowful.

Lines 8.1–93 · 1111 words · click a number to copy its link
1Δάφνιδι τῷ χαρίεντι συνήντετο βουκολέοντι μῆλα νέμων, ὡς φαντί, κατʼ ὤρεα μακρὰ Μενάλκας. ἄμφω τώγʼ ἤστην πυρροτρίχω, ἄμφω ἀνάβω, ἄμφω συρίσδεν δεδαημένω, ἄμφω ἀείδεν. 5πρᾶτος δʼ ὦν ποτὶ Δάφνιν ἰδὼν ἀγόρευε Μενάλκας· μυκητᾶν ἐπίουρε βοῶν Δάφνι, λῇς μοι ἀεῖσαι; φαμί τυ νικασεῖν, ὅσσον θέλω αὐτὸς ἀείδων. τὸν δʼ ἄρα χὡ Δάφνις τοιῷδʼ ἀπαμείβετο μύθῳ· ποιμὴν εἰροπόκων ὀίων συριγκτὰ Μενάλκα, 10οὔποτε νικασεῖς μʼ, οὐδʼ εἴ τι πάθοις τύγʼ ἀείδων. χρῄσδεις ὦν ἐσιδεῖν; χρῄσδεις καταθεῖναι ἄεθλον; χρῄσδω τοῦτʼ ἐσιδεῖν, χρῄσδω καταθεῖναι ἄεθλον. καὶ τίνα θησεύμεσθʼ, ὅτις ἁμῖν ἄρκιος εἴη; μόσχον ἐγὼ θησῶ· τὺ δὲ θὲς ἰσομάτορα ἀμνόν. 15οὐ θησῶ ποκα ἀμνόν, ἐπεὶ χαλεπὸς ὁ πατήρ μευ χἁ μάτηρ, τὰ δὲ μῆλα ποθέσπερα πάντʼ ἀριθμεῦντι. ἀλλὰ τί μὰν θησεῖς; τί δὲ τὸ πλέον ἑξεῖ ὁ νικῶν; σύριγγʼ ἃν ἐπόησα καλὰν ἐγὼ ἐννεάφωνον, λευκὸν κηρὸν ἔχοισαν, ἴσον κάτω, ἶσον ἄνωθεν, 20ταύταν κατθείην, τὰ δὲ τῶ πατρὸς οὐ καταθησῶ. ἦ μάν τοι κἠγὼ σύριγγʼ ἔχω ἐννεάφωνον. λευκὸν κηρὸν ἔχοισαν, ἴσον κάτω, ἶσον ἄνωθεν. πρώαν νιν συνέπαξʼ· ἔτι καὶ τὸν δάκτυλον ἀλγέω τοῦτον, ἐπεὶ κάλαμός με διασχισθεὶς διέτμαξεν. 25ἀλλὰ τίς ἄμμε κρινεῖ; τίς ἐπάκοος ἔσσεται ἁμέων; τῆνον πῶς ἐνταῦθα τὸν αἰπόλον ἢν καλέσωμες; ᾧ ποτὶ ταῖς ἐρίφοις ὁ κύων ὁ φάλαρος ὑλακτεῖ. χοἱ μὲν παῖδες ἄυσαν, ὁ δʼ αἰπόλος ἦνθʼ ἐπακοῦσαι. χοἱ μὲν παῖδες ἄειδον, ὁ δʼ αἰπόλος ἤθελε κρίνειν. 30πρᾶτος δʼ ὦν ἄειδε λαχὼν ἰυκτὰ Μενάλκας, εἶτα δʼ ἀμοιβαίαν ὑπελάμβανε Δάφνις ἀοιδάν. Ἄγκεα καὶ ποταμοί, θεῖον γένος, αἴ τι Μενάλκας πήποχʼ ὁ συριγκτὰς προσφιλὲς ᾆσε μέλος, 35βόσκοιτʼ ἐκ ψυχᾶς τὰς ἀμνάδας· ἢν δέ ποκʼ ἔνθῃ Δάφνις ἔχων δαμάλας, μηδὲν ἔλασσον ἔχοι. κρᾶναι καὶ βοτάναι, γλυκερὸν φυτόν, αἴπερ ὁμοῖον μουσίσδει Δάφνις ταῖσιν ἀηδονίσι, τοῦτο τὸ βουκόλιον πιαίνετε· κἤν τι Μενάλκας 40τεῖδʼ ἀγάγῃ, χαίρων ἄφθονα πάντα νέμοι.

AS beautiful Daphnis was following his kine, and Menalcas shepherding his flock, they met, as men tell, on the long ranges of the hills. The beards of both had still the first golden bloom, both were in their earliest youth, both were pipe-players skilled, both skilled in song. Then first Menalcas, looking at Daphnis, thus bespoke him.

‘Daphnis, thou herdsman of the lowing kine, art thou minded to sing a match with me? Methinks I shall vanquish thee, when I sing in turn, as readily as I please.’

Then Daphnis answered him again in this wise, ‘Thou shepherd of the fleecy sheep, Menalcas, the pipe-player, never wilt thou vanquish me in song, not thou, if thou shouldst sing till some evil thing befall thee!’

Menalcas. Dost thou care then, to try this and see, dost thou care to risk a stake?

Daphnis. I do care to try this and see, a stake I am ready to risk.

Menalcas. But what shall we stake, what pledge shall we find equal and sufficient?

Daphnis. I will pledge a calf, and do thou put down a lamb, one that has grown to his mother’s height.

Menalcas. Nay, never will I stake a lamb, for stern is my father, and stern my mother, and they number all the sheep at evening.

Daphnis. But what, then, wilt thou lay, and where is to be the victor’s gain?

Menalcas. The pipe, the fair pipe with nine stops, that I made myself, fitted with white wax, and smoothed evenly, above as below. This would I readily wager, but never will I stake aught that is my father’s.

Daphnis. See then, I too, in truth, have a pipe with nine stops, fitted with white wax, and smoothed evenly, above as below. But lately I put it together, and this finger still aches, where the reed split, and cut it deeply.

Menalcas. But who is to judge between us, who will listen to our singing?

Daphnis. That goatherd yonder, he will do, if we call him hither, the man for whom that dog, a black hound with a white patch, is barking among the kids.

Then the boys called aloud, and the goatherd gave ear, and came, and the boys began to sing, and the goatherd was willing to be their umpire. And first Menalcas sang (for he drew the lot) the sweet-voiced Menalcas, and Daphnis took up the answering strain of pastoral song—and ’twas thus Menalcas began:

Menalcas. Ye glades, ye rivers, issue of the Gods, if ever Menalcas the flute-player sang a song ye loved, to please him, feed his lambs; and if ever Daphnis come hither with his calves, nay he have no less a boon.

Daphnis. Ye wells and pastures, sweet growth o’ the world, if Daphnis sings like the nightingales, do ye fatten this herd of his, and if Menalcas hither lead a flock, may he too have pasture ungrudging to his full desire!

41ἔνθʼ ὄις, ἔνθʼ αἶγες διδυματόκοι, ἔνθα μέλισσαι σμήνεα πληροῦσιν, καὶ δρύες ὑψίτεραι, ἔνθʼ ὁ καλὸς Μίλων βαίνει ποσίν· αἰ δʼ ἂν ἀφέρπῃ, χὡ ποιμὴν ξηρὸς τηνόθι χαἱ βοτάναι. 45παντᾷ ἔαρ, παντᾷ δὲ νομοί, παντᾷ δὲ γάλακτος οὔθατα πλήθουσιν, καὶ τὰ νέα τρέφεται, ἐνθʼ ἁ καλὰ παῖς ἐπινίσσεται· αἰ δʼ ἂν ἀφέρπῃ, χὡ τὰς βῶς βόσκων χαἱ βόες αὐότεραι. ὦ τράγε, τᾶν λευκᾶν αἰγῶν ἄνερ, ὧ βάθος ὕλας 50μυρίον, (ὦ σιμαὶ δεῦτʼ ἐφʼ ὕδωρ ἔριφοι·) ἐν τήνῳ γὰρ τῆνος· ἴθʼ ὦ κόλε καὶ λέγε· Μίλων, ὁ Πρωτεὺς φώκας καὶ θεὸς ὢν ἔνεμε. μή μοι γᾶν Πέλοπος, μή μοι χρύσεια τάλαντα εἴη ἔχειν, μηδὲ πρόσθε θέειν ἀνέμων· 55ἀλλʼ ὑπὸ τᾷ πέτρᾳ τᾷδʼ ᾄσομαι, ἀγκὰς ἔχων τυ, σύννομα μῆλʼ ἐσορῶν, τὰν Σικελὰν ἐς ἅλα. δένδρεσι μὲν χειμὼν φοβερὸν κακόν, ὕδασι δʼ αὐχμός, ὄρνισιν δʼ ὕσπλαγξ, ἀγροτέροις δὲ λίνα, ἀνδρὶ δὲ παρθενικᾶς ἁπαλᾶς πόθος. ὦ πάτερ ὦ Ζεῦ, 60οὐ μόνος ἠράσθην· καὶ τὺ γυναικοφίλας. ταῦτα μὲν ὦν διʼ ἀμοιβαίων οἱ παῖδες ἄεισαν· τὰν πυμάταν δʼ ᾠδὰν οὑτῶς ἐξᾶρχε Μενάλκας. Φείδευ τᾶν ἐρίφων, φείδευ λύκε τᾶν τοκάδων μευ, μηδʼ ἀδίκει μʼ, ὅτι μικκὸς ἐὼν πολλαῖσιν ὁμαρτέω. 65ὦ Λάμπουρε κύον, οὕτω βαθὺς ὕπνος ἔχει τυ; οὐ χρὴ κοιμᾶσθαι βαθέως σὺν παιδὶ νέμοντα. ταὶ δʼ ὄιες, μηδʼ ὔμμες ὀκνεῖθʼ ἁπαλᾶς κορέσασθαι ποίας· οὔτι καμεῖσθʼ, ὅκκʼ αὖ πάλιν ἅδε φύηται. σίττα νέμεσθε νέμεσθε, τὰ δʼ οὔθατα πλήσατε πᾶσαι, 70ὡς τὸ μὲν ὥρνες ἔχωντι, τὸ δʼ ἐς ταλάρως ἀποθῶμαι. δεύτερος αὖ Δάφνις λιγυρῶς ἀνεβάλλετʼ ἀείδειν· κἠμὲ γὰρ ἐκ τὤντρω σύνοφρυς κόρα ἐχθὲς ἰδοῖσα τὰς δαμάλας παρελᾶντα καλὸν καλὸν ἦμεν ἔφασκεν· οὐ μὰν οὐδὲ λόγον ἐκρίθην ἄπο, τὤμπικρον αὐτᾷ, 75ἀλλὰ κάτω βλέψας τὰν ἁμετέραν ὁδὸν εἷρπον. ἁδεῖʼ ἁ φωνὰ τᾶς πόρτιος, ἁδὺ τὸ πνεῦμα· ἁδὺ δὲ τῶ θέρεος παρʼ ὕδωρ ῥέον αἰθριοκοιτεῖν. τᾷ δρυῒ ταὶ βάλανοι κόσμος, τᾷ μαλίδι μᾶλα, 80τᾷ βοῒ δʼ ἁ μόσχος, τῷ βουκόλῳ αἱ βόες αὐταί.

Menalcas. There doth the ewe bear twins, and there the goats; there the bees fill the hives, and there oaks grow loftier than common, wheresoever beautiful Milon’s feet walk wandering; ah, if he depart, then withered and lean is the shepherd, and lean the pastures

Daphnis. Everywhere is spring, and pastures everywhere, and everywhere the cows’ udders are swollen with milk, and the younglings are fostered, wheresoever fair Nais roams; ah, if she depart, then parched are the kine, and he that feeds them!

Menalcas. O bearded goat, thou mate of the white herd, and O ye blunt-faced kids, where are the manifold deeps of the forest, thither get ye to the water, for thereby is Milon; go, thou hornless goat, and say to him, ‘Milon, Proteus was a herdsman, and that of seals, though he was a god.’

Daphnis. . . .

Menalcas. Not mine be the land of Pelops, not mine to own talents of gold, nay, nor mine to outrun the speed of the winds! Nay, but beneath this rock will I sing, with thee in mine arms, and watch our flocks feeding together, and, before us, the Sicilian sea.

Daphnis . . . .

Menalcas . . . .

Daphnis. Tempest is the dread pest of the trees, drought of the waters, snares of the birds, and the hunter’s net of the wild beasts, but ruinous to man is the love of a delicate maiden. O father, O Zeus, I have not been the only lover, thou too hast longed for a mortal woman.

Thus the boys sang in verses amoebaean, and thus Menalcas began the crowning lay:

Menalcas. Wolf, spare the kids, spare the mothers of my herd, and harm not me, so young as I am to tend so great a flock. Ah, Lampurus, my dog, dost thou then sleep so soundly? a dog should not sleep so sound, that helps a boyish shepherd. Ewes of mine, spare ye not to take your fill of the tender herb, ye shall not weary, ’ere all this grass grows again. Hist, feed on, feed on, fill, all of you, your udders, that there may be milk for the lambs, and somewhat for me to store away in the cheese-crates.

Then Daphnis followed again, and sweetly preluded to his singing:

Daphnis. Me, even me, from the cave, the girl with meeting eyebrows spied yesterday as I was driving past my calves, and she cried, ‘How fair, how fair he is!’ But I answered her never the word of railing, but cast down my eyes, and plodded on my way.

Sweet is the voice of the heifer, sweet her breath, sweet to lie beneath the sky in summer, by running water.

Acorns are the pride of the oak, apples of the apple tree, the calf of the heifer, and the neatherd glories in his kine.

81Ὣς οἱ παῖδες ἄεισαν, ὁ δʼ αἰπόλος ὧδʼ ἀγόρευεν· ἁδύ τι τὸ στόμα τευ καὶ ἐφίμερος ὦ Δάφνι φωνά. κρέσσον μελπομένω τευ ἀκουέμεν ἢ μέλι λείχειν. λάζεο τὰς σύριγγας· ἐνίκασας γὰρ ἀείδων. 85αἰ δέ τι λῇς με καὶ αὐτὸν ἅμʼ αἰπολέοντα διδάξαι, τήναν τὰν μιτύλαν δωσῶ τὰ δίδακτρά τοι αἶγα, ἅτις ὑπὲρ κεφαλᾶς αἰεὶ τὸν ἀμολγέα πληροῖ. Ὡς μὲν ὁ παῖς ἐχάρη καὶ ἀνάλατο καὶ πλατάγησε νικάσας, οὑτῶς ἐπὶ ματέρι νεβρὸς ἅλοιτο. 90ὡς δὲ κατεσμύχθη καὶ ἀνετράπετο φρένα λύπᾳ ὥτερος, οὕτω καὶ νύμφα γαμεθεῖσʼ ἀκάχοιτο. κἠκ τούτω πρᾶτος παρὰ ποιμέσι Δάφνις ἔγεντο, καὶ Νύμφαν ἄκρηβος ἐὼν ἔτι Ναΐδα γᾶμεν.

So sang the lads; and the goatherd thus bespoke them, ‘Sweet is thy mouth, O Daphnis, and delectable thy song! Better is it to listen to thy singing, than to taste the honeycomb. Take thou the pipe, for thou hast conquered in the singing match. Ah, if thou wilt but teach some lay, even to me, as I tend the goats beside thee, this blunt-horned she-goat will I give thee, for the price of thy teaching, this she-goat that ever fills the milking pail above the brim.’

Then was the boy as glad,—and leaped high, and clapped his hands over his victory,—as a young fawn leaps about his mother. But the heart of the other was wasted with grief, and desolate, even as a maiden sorrows that is newly wed.

From this time Daphnis became the foremost among the shepherds, and while yet in his earliest youth, he wedded the nymph Nais.

English translation by Andrew Lang (1889). Original text: R. J. Cholmeley (ed.), The Idylls of Theocritus, London: George Bell and Sons, 1901-1919 (Greek text as digitised by Perseus).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library, Greek text); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.