Euripides · Phoenician Women Φοίνισσαι

Euripides, Phoenician Women 443–498: Second episode: Eteocles arrives; Polyneices states his claim

Eteocles comes in to hear the terms, and Jocasta urges both sons to forget their anger. Polyneices speaks first, saying that Eteocles broke their agreement to rule in alternate years. He says that he will withdraw his army if he is given his turn.

Lines 443–498 · 500 words · click a number to copy its link
Χορός 443καὶ μὴν Ἐτεοκλῆς ἐς διαλλαγὰς ὅδε χωρεῖ· σὸν ἔργον, μῆτερ Ἰοκάστη, λέγειν 445τοιούσδε μύθους οἷς διαλλάξεις τέκνα. Ἐτεοκλῆς μῆτερ, πάρειμι· τὴν χάριν δὲ σοὶ διδοὺς ἦλθον. τί χρὴ δρᾶν; ἀρχέτω δέ τις λόγου· ὡς ἀμφὶ τείχη καὶ ξυνωρίδας λόχων τάσσων ἐπέσχον πόλιν, ὅπως κλύοιμί σου 450κοινὰς βραβείας, αἷς ὑπόσπονδον μολεῖν τόνδʼ εἰσεδέξω τειχέων πείσασά με. Ἰοκάστη ἐπίσχες· οὔτοι τὸ ταχὺ τὴν δίκην ἔχει, βραδεῖς δὲ μῦθοι πλεῖστον ἀνύουσιν σοφόν. σχάσον δὲ δεινὸν ὄμμα καὶ θυμοῦ πνοάς· 455οὐ γὰρ τὸ λαιμότμητον εἰσορᾷς κάρα Γοργόνος, ἀδελφὸν δʼ εἰσορᾷς ἥκοντα σόν. σύ τʼ αὖ πρόσωπον πρὸς κασίγνητον στρέφε, Πολύνεικες· ἐς γὰρ ταὐτὸν ὄμμασιν βλέπων λέξεις τʼ ἄμεινον τοῦδέ τʼ ἐνδέξῃ λόγους. 460παραινέσαι δὲ σφῷν τι βούλομαι σοφόν· ὅταν φίλος τις ἀνδρὶ θυμωθεὶς φίλῳ ἐς ἓν συνελθὼν ὄμματʼ ὄμμασιν διδῷ, ἐφʼ οἷσιν ἥκει, ταῦτα χρὴ μόνον σκοπεῖν, κακῶν δὲ τῶν πρὶν μηδενὸς μνείαν ἔχειν. 465λόγος μὲν οὖν σὸς πρόσθε, Πολύνεικες τέκνον· σὺ γὰρ στράτευμα Δαναϊδῶν ἥκεις ἄγων, ἄδικα πεπονθώς, ὡς σὺ φῄς· κριτὴς δέ τις θεῶν γένοιτο καὶ διαλλακτὴς κακῶν.

Chorus Leader And see, Eteocles comes here to discuss the truce. It is your task, mother Jocasta, to speak such words as may reconcile your sons.

Eteocles Mother, I am here; I have come to do you a favor. What am I to do? Let some one begin the conference; for I stopped marshalling the citizens in pairs of companies around the walls, so that I might hear your arbitration between us, by which you persuaded me to admit this man under truce within the walls.

Jocasta Wait; haste does not carry justice with it; but slow deliberation often attains a wise result. Restrain the fierceness of your look and panting rage; for this is not the Gorgon’s severed head but your own brother whom you see has come. You too, Polyneices, turn and face your brother; for if you look at him, you will speak and listen to him the better. I want to give you both one piece of good counsel; when a man that is angry with his friend confronts him face to face, he ought only to keep in view the object of his coming, forgetting all previous quarrels. My son Polyneices, speak first, for you have come at the head of a Danaid army, alleging wrongful treatment; may some god be the judge and reconciler of the troubles.

Πολυνείκης 469ἁπλοῦς ὁ μῦθος τῆς ἀληθείας ἔφυ, 470κοὐ ποικίλων δεῖ τἄνδιχʼ ἑρμηνευμάτων· ἔχει γὰρ αὐτὰ καιρόν· ὁ δʼ ἄδικος λόγος νοσῶν ἐν αὑτῷ φαρμάκων δεῖται σοφῶν. ἐγὼ δὲ πατρὸς δωμάτων προυσκεψάμην τοὐμόν τε καὶ τοῦδʼ, ἐκφυγεῖν χρῄζων ἀρὰς 475ἃς Οἰδίπους ἐφθέγξατʼ εἰς ἡμᾶς ποτε, ἐξῆλθον ἔξω τῆσδʼ ἑκὼν αὐτὸς χθονός, δοὺς τῷδʼ ἀνάσσειν πατρίδος ἐνιαυτοῦ κύκλον, ὥστʼ αὐτὸς ἄρχειν αὖθις ἀνὰ μέρος λαβὼν καὶ μὴ διʼ ἔχθρας τῷδε καὶ φθόνου μολὼν 480κακόν τι δρᾶσαι καὶ παθεῖν, ἃ γίγνεται. ὃ δʼ αἰνέσας ταῦθʼ ὁρκίους τε δοὺς θεούς, ἔδρασεν οὐδὲν ὧν ὑπέσχετʼ, ἀλλʼ ἔχει τυραννίδʼ αὐτὸς καὶ δόμων ἐμῶν μέρος. καὶ νῦν ἕτοιμός εἰμι τἀμαυτοῦ λαβὼν 485στρατὸν μὲν ἔξω τῆσδʼ ἀποστεῖλαι χθονός, οἰκεῖν δὲ τὸν ἐμὸν οἶκον ἀνὰ μέρος λαβὼν καὶ τῷδʼ ἀφεῖναι τὸν ἴσον αὖθις αὖ χρόνον, καὶ μήτε πορθεῖν πατρίδα μήτε προσφέρειν πύργοισι πηκτῶν κλιμάκων προσαμβάσεις, 490ἃ μὴ κυρήσας τῆς δίκης πειράσομαι δρᾶν. μάρτυρας δὲ τῶνδε δαίμονας καλῶ, ὡς πάντα πράσσων σὺν δίκῃ, δίκης ἄτερ ἀποστεροῦμαι πατρίδος ἀνοσιώτατα. ταῦτʼ αὔθʼ ἕκαστα, μῆτερ, οὐχὶ περιπλοκὰς 495λόγων ἀθροίσας εἶπον, ἀλλὰ καὶ σοφοῖς καὶ τοῖσι φαύλοις ἔνδιχʼ, ὡς ἐμοὶ δοκεῖ. Χορός ἐμοὶ μέν, εἰ καὶ μὴ καθʼ Ἑλλήνων χθόνα τεθράμμεθʼ, ἀλλʼ οὖν ξυνετά μοι δοκεῖς λέγειν.

Polyneices The words of truth are naturally simple, and justice needs no subtle interpretations, for it has a fitness in itself; but the words of injustice, being sick in themselves, require clever treatment. I provided for his interests and mine in our father’s house, being anxious to escape the curse which Oedipus once uttered against us; of my own free-will I left this land, allowing him to rule the country for one full year, on condition that I should then take up the rule in turn, instead of plunging into deadly enmity with this man, doing others harm and suffering it myself, as is now the case. But he, after consenting to this and calling the gods to witness his oath, has performed none of his promises, but is still keeping the sovereignty in his own hands together with my share of our heritage. And now I am ready to take my own and dismiss the army from this land, receiving my house in turn to dwell in, and once more restore it to him for an equal period, instead of ravaging our country and bringing scaling-ladders against the towers, as I shall attempt to do if I do not get my rights. I call the gods to witness that spite of my just dealing in everything I am being unjustly robbed of my country, a most unholy act. I have made my points, mother, without stringing together words to entangle you, but urging a fair case, I think, in the judgment of the wise and the simple.

Chorus Leader To me, although I was not born and bred in Hellas, your words seem full of sense.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1913, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.