Aeschylus · Seven against Thebes Ἑπτὰ ἐπὶ Θήβας

Aeschylus, Seven against Thebes 563–652: Second episode: Amphiaraus and Polyneices at the last two gates

The Scout names the sixth champion, the seer Amphiaraus, who rebukes Tydeus and Polyneices for leading the attack and carries no sign on his shield. Eteocles pities the just man who is joined with the impious, and sets Lasthenes against him. The Scout then names the seventh champion at the seventh gate, Eteocles' own brother Polyneices, who prays that he may kill Eteocles or die with him.

Lines 563–652 · 820 words · click a number to copy its link

Chorus

563ἱκνεῖται λόγος διὰ στηθέων, τριχὸς δʼ ὀρθίας πλόκαμος ἵσταται, 565μεγάλα μεγαληγόρων κλυούσᾳ ἀνοσίων ἀνδρῶν. εἴθε γὰρ θεοὶ τοῦδʼ ὀλέσειαν ἐν γᾷ.

His words penetrate to my heart, my hair stands on end as I hear the loud threats of these loud-boasting, impious men. May the gods destroy them here in our land!

Ἄγγελος 568ἕκτον λέγοιμʼ ἂν ἄνδρα σωφρονέστατον, ἀλκήν τʼ ἄριστον μάντιν, Ἀμφιάρεω βίαν· 570Ὁμολωίσιν δὲ πρὸς πύλαις τεταγμένος κακοῖσι βάζει πολλὰ Τυδέως βίαν· τὸν ἀνδροφόντην, τὸν πόλεως ταράκτορα, μέγιστον Ἄργει τῶν κακῶν διδάσκαλον, Ἐρινύος κλητῆρα, πρόσπολον φόνου, 575κακῶν τʼ Ἀδράστῳ τῶνδε βουλευτήριον. καὶ τὸν σὸν αὖθις προσθροῶν ὁμόσπορον, ἐξυπτιάζων ὄμμα, Πολυνείκους βίαν, δίς τʼ ἐν τελευτῇ τοὔνομʼ ἐνδατούμενος, καλεῖ. λέγει δὲ τοῦτʼ ἔπος διὰ στόμα· 580ἦ τοῖον ἔργον καὶ θεοῖσι προσφιλές, καλόν τʼ ἀκοῦσαι καὶ λέγειν μεθυστέροις, πόλιν πατρῴαν καὶ θεοὺς τοὺς ἐγγενεῖς πορθεῖν, στράτευμʼ ἐπακτὸν ἐμβεβληκότα; μητρός τε πηγὴν τίς κατασβέσει δίκη; 585πατρίς τε γαῖα σῆς ὑπὸ σπουδῆς δορὶ ἁλοῦσα πῶς σοι ξύμμαχος γενήσεται; ἔγωγε μὲν δὴ τήνδε πιανῶ χθόνα, μάντις κεκευθὼς πολεμίας ὑπὸ χθονός. μαχώμεθʼ, οὐκ ἄτιμον ἐλπίζω μόρον. 590τοιαῦθʼ ὁ μάντις ἀσπίδʼ εὐκήλως ἔχων πάγχαλκον ηὔδα· σῆμα δʼ οὐκ ἐπῆν κύκλῳ. οὐ γὰρ δοκεῖν ἄριστος, ἀλλʼ εἶναι θέλει, βαθεῖαν ἄλοκα διὰ φρενὸς καρπούμενος, ἐξ ἧς τὰ κεδνὰ βλαστάνει βουλεύματα. 595τούτῳ σοφούς τε κἀγαθοὺς ἀντηρέτας πέμπειν ἐπαινῶ. δεινὸς ὃς θεοὺς σέβει. Ἐτεοκλής φεῦ τοῦ ξυναλλάσσοντος ὄρνιθος βροτοῖς δίκαιον ἄνδρα τοῖσι δυσσεβεστέροις. ἐν παντὶ πράγει δʼ ἔσθʼ ὁμιλίας κακῆς 600κάκιον οὐδέν, καρπὸς οὐ κομιστέος· ἄτης ἄρουρα θάνατον ἐκκαρπίζεται. ἢ γὰρ ξυνεισβὰς πλοῖον εὐσεβὴς ἀνὴρ ναύταισι θερμοῖς καὶ πανουργίᾳ τινὶ ὄλωλεν ἀνδρῶν σὺν θεοπτύστῳ γένει, 605ἢ ξὺν πολίταις ἀνδράσιν δίκαιος ὢν ἐχθροξένοις τε καὶ θεῶν ἀμνήμοσιν, ταὐτοῦ κυρήσας ἐκδίκως ἀγρεύματος, πληγεὶς θεοῦ μάστιγι παγκοίνῳ ʼδάμη. οὕτως δʼ ὁ μάντις, υἱὸν Οἰκλέους λέγω, 610σώφρων δίκαιος ἀγαθὸς εὐσεβὴς ἀνήρ, μέγας προφήτης, ἀνοσίοισι συμμιγεὶς θρασυστόμοισιν ἀνδράσιν βίᾳ φρενῶν, τείνουσι πομπὴν τὴν μακρὰν πάλιν μολεῖν, Διὸς θέλοντος ξυγκαθελκυσθήσεται. 615δοκῶ μὲν οὖν σφε μηδὲ προσβαλεῖν πύλαις οὐχ ὡς ἄθυμος οὐδὲ λήματος κάκῇ, ἀλλʼ οἶδεν ὥς σφε χρὴ τελευτῆσαι μάχῃ, εἰ καρπὸς ἔσται θεσφάτοισι Λοξίου· φιλεῖ δὲ σιγᾶν ἢ λέγειν τὰ καίρια. 620ὅμως δʼ ἐπʼ αὐτῷ φῶτα, Λασθένους βίαν, ἐχθρόξενον πυλωρὸν ἀντιτάξομεν, γέροντα τὸν νοῦν, σάρκα δʼ ἡβῶσαν φύει, ποδῶκες ὄμμα, χεῖρα δʼ οὐ βραδύνεται παρʼ ἀσπίδος γυμνωθὲν ἁρπάσαι δόρυ. 625θεοῦ δὲ δῶρόν ἐστιν εὐτυχεῖν βροτούς.

Scout The sixth man I will name is of the highest moderation and a seer brave in combat, mighty Amphiaraus. Stationed at the Homoloid gate, he repeatedly rebukes mighty Tydeus with evil names Murderer, maker of unrest in the city, principal teacher of evils to the Argives, summoner of vengeance’s Curse, servant of Slaughter, counselor to Adrastus in these evil plans. And next, with eyes looking upward, he addressed your own brother, mighty Polynices who shares your blood, and called him by name, dwelling twice upon its latter part. These were his words: Will such a deed as this be pleasing to the gods, fine to hear of and to relate to those in the future—that you sacked the city of your ancestors and your native gods and launched a foreign army against them? What justice is it to drain dry the font of your existence? And how shall your fatherland, captured by the spear for the sake of your ambition, be won over to your cause? As for me, I will enrich this earth, a seer interred beneath enemy soil. Let us fight! I anticipate no dishonorable death. So the seer spoke as untroubled he held his all-bronze shield. No symbol was fixed to his shield’s circle. For he does not wish to appear the bravest, but to be the bravest, as he harvests the fruit of his mind’s deep furrow, where his careful resolutions grow. I advise you to send wise and brave opponents against him. He who reveres the gods is to be feared.

Eteocles Ah, the pity of fate’s omen when it makes a just man associate with the irreverent! In all things, nothing is more evil than evil partnership. Its fruit should not be gathered in: the field of recklessness yields a harvest of death. For it may be that a pious man, embarked shipboard with sailors hot for some crime, perishes along with the sort of men hated by the gods; or, a man, though upright himself, when among fellow-citizens who hate all strangers and neglect the gods, may fall undeserving into the same trap as they, and be subdued, struck by the scourge of God that strikes all alike. Just so the seer, Oecles’ son, although a moderate, just, noble, reverent man and a great prophet, mixes with impious, rash-talking men against his own judgment, men stretching out in a procession that is long to retrace, and, if it is Zeus’s will, he will be dragged down in ruin along with them. So then, I expect that he will not even charge the gates: not because he lacks courage or is weak-willed, but because he knows that he must meet his end in battle, if the prophecies of Loxias are to come to fruition—the god usually either holds silent or speaks to the point. Just the same, I will station a man against him, mighty Lasthenes, a gate-keeper who hates foreigners. He has the wisdom of an old man, but his body is at its prime: his eyes are quick, and he does not let his hand delay for his spear to seize what is left exposed by the shield. Still it is God’s gift when mortals succeed.

Chorus

626κλύοντες θεοὶ δικαίας λιτὰς ἁμετέρας τελεῖθʼ, ὡς πόλις εὐτυχῇ, δορίπονα κάκʼ ἐκτρέποντες ἐς γᾶς ἐπιμόλους· πύργων δʼ ἔκτοθεν 630βαλὼν Ζεύς σφε κάνοι κεραυνῷ.

Gods, hear our just prayers and fulfil them, that the city may have good fortune! Turn aside the evils suffered in war onto those who invade our land! May Zeus strike them with his thunderbolt outside the walls and slay them!

Scout

631τὸν ἕβδομον δὴ τόνδʼ ἐφʼ ἑβδόμαις πύλαις λέξω, τὸν αὐτοῦ σοῦ κασίγνητον, πόλει οἵας ἀρᾶται καὶ κατεύχεται τύχας· πύργοις ἐπεμβὰς κἀπικηρυχθεὶς χθονί, 635ἁλώσιμον παιᾶνʼ ἐπεξιακχάσας, σοὶ ξυμφέρεσθαι καὶ κτανὼν θανεῖν πέλας, ἢ ζῶντʼ ἀτιμαστῆρα τὼς ἀνδρηλάτην φυγῇ τὸν αὐτὸν τόνδε τείσασθαι τρόπον. τοιαῦτʼ ἀυτεῖ καὶ θεοὺς γενεθλίους 640καλεῖ πατρῴας γῆς ἐποπτῆρας λιτῶν τῶν ὧν γενέσθαι πάγχυ Πολυνείκους βία. ἔχει δὲ καινοπηγὲς εὔκυκλον σάκος διπλοῦν τε σῆμα προσμεμηχανημένον. χρυσήλατον γὰρ ἄνδρα τευχηστὴν ἰδεῖν 645ἄγει γυνή τις σωφρόνως ἡγουμένη. Δίκη δʼ ἄρʼ εἶναί φησιν, ὡς τὰ γράμματα λέγει κατάξω δʼ ἄνδρα τόνδε καὶ πόλιν ἕξει πατρῴων δωμάτων τʼ ἐπιστροφάς. τοιαῦτʼ ἐκείνων ἐστὶ τἀξευρήματα. ὡς οὔποτʼ ἀνδρὶ τῷδε κηρυκευμάτων μέμψῃ, σὺ δʼ αὐτὸς γνῶθι ναυκληρεῖν πόλιν.

Last I will tell of the seventh champion, him at the seventh gate, your own brother, and of what fate he prays for and calls down on the city. His prayer is that after he mounts the battlements and is proclaimed king in the land, and shouts the paian in triumph over its capture, he may then meet you in combat, and once he kills you, that he may perish at your side, or, if you survive, make you pay with banishment in the same way as you dishonored him with exile. Mighty Polynices shouts such threats and invokes his native gods, the gods of his fatherland, to watch over his prayers in every way. He holds a shield, a perfect circle, newly-made, with a double symbol cleverly fastened on it: a woman modestly walking in the fore leads a man in arms made, it appears, of hammered gold. She claims to be Justice, as the lettering indicates, I will bring this man back and he will have his city and move freely in his father’s halls. Such are the inventions fixed to their shields. Know that you will find no fault with me in the substance of my report, but you yourself determine on what course to pilot the city.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Herbert Weir Smyth (modernised by Perseus) (1922). Original text: Greek text: Herbert Weir Smyth (ed. and trans.), Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1922, as digitised by Perseus. English: Herbert Weir Smyth, Aeschylus, Loeb Classical Library, London: William Heinemann, 1922 (Perseus's modernised version of Smyth's prose translation).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.