Euripides · Hecuba Ἑκάβη

Euripides, Hecuba 583–628: Hecuba mourns Polyxena and the Chorus answers

The Chorus says that some fearful curse has burst upon the race of Priam and their city, sent by god, and Hecuba says that she does not know where to turn her gaze, since each of her sorrows is joined to another. She tells herself that there is nothing certain in what is said and done among mortals, and that the happiest is the one to whom no misfortune comes.

Lines 583–628 · 435 words · click a number to copy its link

Chorus Leader

583δεινόν τι πῆμα Πριαμίδαις ἐπέζεσεν πόλει τε τἠμῇ θεῶν ἀνάγκαισιν τόδε.

Upon the race of Priam and my city some fearful curse has burst; it is sent by God, and we must bear it.

Hecuba

585ὦ θύγατερ, οὐκ οἶδʼ εἰς ὅ τι βλέψω κακῶν, πολλῶν παρόντων· ἢν γὰρ ἅψωμαί τινος, τόδʼ οὐκ ἐᾷ με, παρακαλεῖ δʼ ἐκεῖθεν αὖ λύπη τις ἄλλη διάδοχος κακῶν κακοῖς. καὶ νῦν τὸ μὲν σὸν ὥστε μὴ στένειν πάθος 590οὐκ ἂν δυναίμην ἐξαλείψασθαι φρενός· τὸ δʼ αὖ λίαν παρεῖλες ἀγγελθεῖσά μοι γενναῖος. οὔκουν δεινόν, εἰ γῆ μὲν κακὴ τυχοῦσα καιροῦ θεόθεν εὖ στάχυν φέρει, χρηστὴ δʼ ἁμαρτοῦσʼ ὧν χρεὼν αὐτὴν τυχεῖν 595κακὸν δίδωσι καρπόν, ἀνθρώποις δʼ ἀεὶ ὁ μὲν πονηρὸς οὐδὲν ἄλλο πλὴν κακός, ὁ δʼ ἐσθλὸς ἐσθλός, οὐδὲ συμφορᾶς ὕπο φύσιν διέφθειρʼ, ἀλλὰ χρηστός ἐστʼ ἀεί; ἆρʼ οἱ τεκόντες διαφέρουσιν ἢ τροφαί; 600ἔχει γε μέντοι καὶ τὸ θρεφθῆναι καλῶς δίδαξιν ἐσθλοῦ· τοῦτο δʼ ἤν τις εὖ μάθῃ, οἶδεν τό γʼ αἰσχρόν, κανόνι τοῦ καλοῦ μαθών. καὶ ταῦτα μὲν δὴ νοῦς ἐτόξευσεν μάτην· σὺ δʼ ἐλθὲ καὶ σήμηνον Ἀργείοις τάδε, 605μὴ θιγγάνειν μοι μηδένʼ, ἀλλʼ εἴργειν ὄχλον, τῆς παιδός. ἔν τοι μυρίῳ στρατεύματι ἀκόλαστος ὄχλος ναυτική τʼ ἀναρχία κρείσσων πυρός, κακὸς δʼ ὁ μή τι δρῶν κακόν. σὺ δʼ αὖ λαβοῦσα τεῦχος, ἀρχαία λάτρι, 610βάψασʼ ἔνεγκε δεῦρο ποντίας ἁλός, ὡς παῖδα λουτροῖς τοῖς πανυστάτοις ἐμήν, νύμφην τʼ ἄνυμφον παρθένον τʼ ἀπάρθενον, λούσω προθῶμαί θʼ — ὡς μὲν ἀξία, πόθεν; οὐκ ἂν δυναίμην· ὡς δʼ ἔχω — τί γὰρ πάθω; — 615κόσμον τʼ ἀγείρασʼ αἰχμαλωτίδων πάρα, αἵ μοι πάρεδροι τῶνδʼ ἔσω σκηνωμάτων ναίουσιν, εἴ τις τοὺς νεωστὶ δεσπότας λαθοῦσʼ ἔχει τι κλέμμα τῶν αὑτῆς δόμων. ὦ σχήματʼ οἴκων, ὦ ποτʼ εὐτυχεῖς δόμοι, 620ὦ πλεῖστʼ ἔχων κάλλιστά τʼ, εὐτεκνώτατε Πρίαμε, γεραιά θʼ ἥδʼ ἐγὼ μήτηρ τέκνων, ὡς ἐς τὸ μηδὲν ἥκομεν, φρονήματος τοῦ πρὶν στερέντες. εἶτα δῆτʼ ὀγκούμεθα, ὃ μέν τις ἡμῶν πλουσίοις ἐν δώμασιν, 625ὃ δʼ ἐν πολίταις τίμιος κεκλημένος. τὰ δʼ οὐδὲν ἄλλως, φροντίδων βουλεύματα γλώσσης τε κόμποι. κεῖνος ὀλβιώτατος, ὅτῳ κατʼ ἦμαρ τυγχάνει μηδὲν κακόν.

O my daughter! among this crowd of sorrows I do not know where to turn my gaze; for if I set myself to one, another will not let me be; while from this again another grief summons me, finding a successor to sorrow’s throne. And now I can not efface from my mind the memory of your sufferings sufficiently to stay my tears; yet the story of your noble death has taken from the keenness of my grief. Is it not then strange that a poor land, when blessed by heaven with a lucky year, yields a good crop, while that which is good, if robbed of needful care, bears little fruit; yet among men the base is nothing else but wicked, the good man is good, never changing for the worse because of misfortune, but ever the same? Is then the difference due to birth or bringing up? Good training doubtless gives lessons in good conduct, and if a man has mastered this, he knows what is shameful by the standard of the good. And these are random shafts from my mind, I know. Go and proclaim to the Argives that they do not touch my daughter’s body but keep the crowd away. For when a countless army is gathered, the mob knows no restraint, and the unruliness of sailors exceeds that of fire, all abstinence from crime being counted criminal. Now you, my aged handmaid, take a pitcher and dip it in the salt sea and bring it here, that I for the last time may wash my child, an unwed bride, a ravished virgin, and lay her out, as she deserves, ah! how can I? impossible! but as best I can; and what will that amount to? I will collect adornment from the captives, my companions in these tents, if perhaps any of them escaping her new master’s eye has made some theft from her home. O towering halls, O home so happy once, O Priam, rich in store of fairest wealth, most blessed of fathers, and I no less, the grey-haired mother of your race, how are we brought to nothing, stripped of our former pride! And in spite of all we vaunt ourselves, one on the riches of his house, another because he has an honored name among his fellow-citizens! But these things are nothing; in vain are all our thoughtful schemes, in vain our boastful words. He is happiest who meets no sorrow day by day.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.