Euripides · Hecuba Ἑκάβη

Euripides, Hecuba 389–443: First episode: Polyxena's farewell to Hecuba

Odysseus says that it is not Hecuba but Polyxena whom the ghost of Achilles demands, and Hecuba says that she will not let her daughter go, and clings to her. Polyxena begs her not to fight with their masters, and bids her mother farewell, asking to be veiled; Odysseus takes her away, and Hecuba falls to the ground, blaming Helen.

Lines 389–443 · 569 words · click a number to copy its link
Ὀδυσσεύς 389οὐ σʼ, ὦ γεραιά, κατθανεῖν Ἀχιλλέως 390φάντασμʼ Ἀχαιούς, ἀλλὰ τήνδʼ, ᾐτήσατο. Ἑκάβη ὑμεῖς δέ μʼ ἀλλὰ θυγατρὶ συμφονεύσατε, καὶ δὶς τόσον πῶμʼ αἵματος γενήσεται γαίᾳ νεκρῷ τε τῷ τάδʼ ἐξαιτουμένῳ. Ὀδυσσεύς ἅλις κόρης σῆς θάνατος, οὐ προσοιστέος 395ἄλλος πρὸς ἄλλῳ· μηδὲ τόνδʼ ὠφείλομεν. Ἑκάβη πολλή γʼ ἀνάγκη θυγατρὶ συνθανεῖν ἐμέ. Ὀδυσσεύς πῶς; οὐ γὰρ οἶδα δεσπότας κεκτημένος. Ἑκάβη ὁποῖα κισσὸς δρυός, ὅπως τῆσδʼ ἕξομαι. Ὀδυσσεύς οὔκ, ἤν γε πείθῃ τοῖσι σοῦ σοφωτέροις. Ἑκάβη 400ὡς τῆσδʼ ἑκοῦσα παιδὸς οὐ μεθήσομαι. Ὀδυσσεύς ἀλλʼ οὐδʼ ἐγὼ μὴν τήνδʼ ἄπειμʼ αὐτοῦ λιπών.

Odysseus It is not your death, my lady, that Achilles’ ghost has demanded of the Achaeans, but hers.

Hecuba At least then slaughter me with my child; so shall there be a double drink of blood for the earth and the dead that claims this sacrifice.

Odysseus The maiden’s death suffices; no need to add a second to the first; would we did not need even this!

Hecuba Die with my daughter I must and will.

Odysseus How so? I did not know I had a master.

Hecuba I will cling to her like ivy to an oak.

Odysseus Not if you will listen to those who are wiser than you.

Hecuba Be sure I will never willingly relinquish my child.

Odysseus Well, be equally sure I will never go away and leave her here.

Πολυξένη 402μῆτερ, πιθοῦ μοι· καὶ σύ, παῖ Λαερτίου, χάλα τοκεῦσιν εἰκότως θυμουμένοις, σύ τʼ, ὦ τάλαινα, τοῖς κρατοῦσι μὴ μάχου. 405βούλῃ πεσεῖν πρὸς οὖδας ἑλκῶσαί τε σὸν γέροντα χρῶτα πρὸς βίαν ὠθουμένη, ἀσχημονῆσαί τʼ ἐκ νέου βραχίονος σπασθεῖσʼ, ἃ πείσῃ; μὴ σύ γʼ· οὐ γὰρ ἄξιον. ἀλλʼ, ὦ φίλη μοι μῆτερ, ἡδίστην χέρα 410δὸς καὶ παρειὰν προσβαλεῖν παρηίδι· ὡς οὔποτʼ αὖθις, ἀλλὰ νῦν πανύστατον ἀκτῖνα κύκλον θʼ ἡλίου προσόψομαι. τέλος δέχῃ δὴ τῶν ἐμῶν προσφθεγμάτων. ὦ μῆτερ, ὦ τεκοῦσʼ, ἄπειμι δὴ κάτω. Ἑκάβη 415ὦ θύγατερ, ἡμεῖς δʼ ἐν φάει δουλεύσομεν. Πολυξένη ἄνυμφος ἀνυμέναιος ὧν μʼ ἐχρῆν τυχεῖν. Ἑκάβη οἰκτρὰ σύ, τέκνον, ἀθλία δʼ ἐγὼ γυνή. Πολυξένη ἐκεῖ δʼ ἐν Ἅιδου κείσομαι χωρὶς σέθεν. Ἑκάβη οἴμοι· τί δράσω; ποῖ τελευτήσω βίον; Πολυξένη 420δούλη θανοῦμαι, πατρὸς οὖσʼ ἐλευθέρου. Ἑκάβη ἡμεῖς δὲ πεντήκοντά γʼ ἄμμοροι τέκνων. Πολυξένη τί σοι πρὸς Ἕκτορʼ ἢ γέροντʼ εἴπω πόσιν; Ἑκάβη ἄγγελλε πασῶν ἀθλιωτάτην ἐμέ. Πολυξένη ὦ στέρνα μαστοί θʼ, οἵ μʼ ἐθρέψαθʼ ἡδέως. Ἑκάβη 425ὦ τῆς ἀώρου θύγατερ ἀθλίας τύχης. Πολυξένη χαῖρʼ, ὦ τεκοῦσα, χαῖρε Κασάνδρα τʼ ἐμοί, Ἑκάβη χαίρουσιν ἄλλοι, μητρὶ δʼ οὐκ ἔστιν τόδε. Πολυξένη ὅ τʼ ἐν φιλίπποις Θρῃξὶ Πολύδωρος κάσις. Ἑκάβη εἰ ζῇ γʼ· ἀπιστῶ δʼ· ὧδε πάντα δυστυχῶ. Πολυξένη 430ζῇ καὶ θανούσης ὄμμα συγκλῄσει τὸ σόν. Ἑκάβη τέθνηκʼ ἔγωγε πρὶν θανεῖν κακῶν ὕπο. Πολυξένη κόμιζʼ, Ὀδυσσεῦ, μʼ ἀμφιθεὶς κάρα πέπλοις ὡς πρὶν σφαγῆναί γʼ ἐκτέτηκα καρδίαν θρήνοισι μητρὸς τήνδε τʼ ἐκτήκω γόοις. 435ὦ φῶς· προσειπεῖν γὰρ σὸν ὄνομʼ ἔξεστί μοι, μέτεστι δʼ οὐδὲν πλὴν ὅσον χρόνον ξίφους βαίνω μεταξὺ καὶ πυρᾶς Ἀχιλλέως. Ἑκάβη οἲ ʼγώ, προλείπω· λύεται δέ μου μέλη. ὦ θύγατερ, ἅψαι μητρός, ἔκτεινον χέρα, 440δός· μὴ λίπῃς μʼ ἄπαιδʼ. ἀπωλόμην, φίλαι […] ὣς τὴν Λάκαιναν σύγγονον Διοσκόροιν Ἑλένην ἴδοιμι· διὰ καλῶν γὰρ ὀμμάτων αἴσχιστα Τροίαν εἷλε τὴν εὐδαίμονα.

Polyxena Mother, listen to me; and you, son of Laertes, make allowance for a parent’s natural wrath. My poor mother, do not fight with our masters. Will you be thrown to the ground, be roughly thrust aside and wound your aged skin, and in unseemly fashion be torn from me by youthful arms? This you will suffer; but do not, for it is not right for you. No, my dear mother! give me your beloved hand, and let me press your cheek to mine; for never again, but now for the last time, shall I behold the dazzling sun-god’s orb. Take my last farewells now. O mother, my mother! I pass beneath the earth.

Hecuba O my daughter, I am still to live and be a slave.

Polyxena Unwedded I depart, never having tasted the married joys that were my due!

Hecuba Yours, my daughter, is a piteous lot, and sad is mine also.

Polyxena There in Hades’ courts shall I lie apart from you.

Hecuba Ah me, what shall I do? where shall I end my life?

Polyxena Daughter of a free-born father, a slave I am to die.

Hecuba Not one of all my fifty children left!

Polyxena What message can I take for you to Hector or your aged lord?

Hecuba Tell them that of all women I am the most miserable.

Polyxena Ah! breasts and paps that fed me with sweet food!

Hecuba Oh, my daughter—your wretched, untimely fate!

Polyxena Farewell, my mother! farewell, Cassandra!

Hecuba Fare well! others do, but not your mother, no!

Polyxena You too, my brother Polydorus, in Thrace, the home of steeds!

Hecuba Yes, if he lives, which I doubt; so luckless am I in every way.

Polyxena He lives; and, when you die, he will close your eyes.

Hecuba I am dead; sorrow has forestalled death here.

Polyxena Come veil my head, Odysseus, and take me away; for now, before the fatal blow, my heart is melted by my mother’s wailing, and hers by mine. O light of day! for still I may call you by your name, though now my share in you is only the time I take to go between Achilles’ tomb and the sword.

Hecuba Alas! I faint; my limbs sink under me. O my daughter, embrace your mother, stretch out your hand, give it to me; do not leave me childless! Ah, friends! it is my death-blow. Oh! to see that Spartan woman, Helen, sister of the sons of Zeus, in such a plight; for her bright eyes have caused the shameful fall of Troy’s once prosperous town.

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English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.