Euripides · Hecuba Ἑκάβη

Euripides, Hecuba 518–582: Second episode: Talthybius describes the death of Polyxena

Talthybius tells how the whole army gathered at the tomb of Achilles, and how Neoptolemus took Polyxena by the hand and stood her on the mound. She bared her breast, saying that she would die willingly and asking that she should die free, and the Achaeans, moved by her courage, honoured her in death with leaves and gifts.

Lines 518–582 · 589 words · click a number to copy its link

Talthybius

518διπλᾶ με χρῄζεις δάκρυα κερδᾶναι, γύναι, σῆς παιδὸς οἴκτῳ· νῦν τε γὰρ λέγων κακὰ 520τέγξω τόδʼ ὄμμα, πρὸς τάφῳ θʼ ὅτʼ ὤλλυτο. παρῆν μὲν ὄχλος πᾶς Ἀχαιικοῦ στρατοῦ πλήρης πρὸ τύμβου σῆς κόρης ἐπὶ σφαγάς· λαβὼν δʼ Ἀχιλλέως παῖς Πολυξένην χερὸς ἔστησʼ ἐπʼ ἄκρου χώματος, πέλας δʼ ἐγώ· 525λεκτοί τʼ Ἀχαιῶν ἔκκριτοι νεανίαι, σκίρτημα μόσχου σῆς καθέξοντες χεροῖν, ἕσποντο. πλῆρες δʼ ἐν χεροῖν λαβὼν δέπας πάγχρυσον αἴρει χειρὶ παῖς Ἀχιλλέως χοὰς θανόντι πατρί· σημαίνει δέ μοι 530σιγὴν Ἀχαιῶν παντὶ κηρῦξαι στρατῷ. κἀγὼ καταστὰς εἶπον ἐν μέσοις τάδε· Σιγᾶτʼ, Ἀχαιοί, σῖγα πᾶς ἔστω λεώς, σίγα σιώπα· νήνεμον δʼ ἔστησʼ ὄχλον. ὃ δʼ εἶπεν· Ὦ παῖ Πηλέως, πατὴρ δʼ ἐμός, 535δέξαι χοάς μοι τάσδε κηλητηρίους, νεκρῶν ἀγωγούς· ἐλθὲ δʼ, ὡς πίῃς μέλαν κόρης ἀκραιφνὲς αἷμʼ, ὅ σοι δωρούμεθα στρατός τε κἀγώ· πρευμενὴς δʼ ἡμῖν γενοῦ λῦσαί τε πρύμνας καὶ χαλινωτήρια 540νεῶν δὸς ἡμῖν πρευμενοῦς τʼ ἀπʼ Ἰλίου νόστου τυχόντας πάντας ἐς πάτραν μολεῖν. τοσαῦτʼ ἔλεξε, πᾶς δʼ ἐπηύξατο στρατός. εἶτʼ ἀμφίχρυσον φάσγανον κώπης λαβὼν ἐξεῖλκε κολεοῦ, λογάσι δʼ Ἀργείων στρατοῦ 545νεανίαις ἔνευσε παρθένον λαβεῖν. ἣ δʼ, ὡς ἐφράσθη, τόνδʼ ἐσήμηνεν λόγον· Ὦ τὴν ἐμὴν πέρσαντες Ἀργεῖοι πόλιν, ἑκοῦσα θνῄσκω· μή τις ἅψηται χροὸς τοὐμοῦ· παρέξω γὰρ δέρην εὐκαρδίως. 550ἐλευθέραν δέ μʼ, ὡς ἐλευθέρα θάνω, πρὸς θεῶν, μεθέντες κτείνατʼ· ἐν νεκροῖσι γὰρ δούλη κεκλῆσθαι βασιλὶς οὖσʼ αἰσχύνομαι.

Lady, you wish me to have a double benefit of tears in pity for your child; for now too as I tell the sad tale my eyes will be wet, as they were at the tomb when she was dying. All Achaea’s army was gathered there in full array before the tomb to see your daughter sacrificed; and the son of Achilles took Polyxena by the hand and set her on the top of the mound, while I was near; and a chosen band of young Achaeans followed to hold your child and prevent her struggling. Then Achilles’ son took in his hands a brimming cup of gold and raised in his hand an offering to his dead father, making a sign to me to proclaim silence throughout the Achaean army. So I stood at his side and in their midst proclaimed, Silence, you Achaeans! let all the people be silent! peace! be still! So I hushed the army. Then he spoke: Son of Peleus, my father, accept the offering I pour for you to appease your spirit, strong to raise the dead; and come to drink the black blood of a pure girl, which I and the army are offering you; oh! be propitious to us; grant that we may loose our prows and the cables of our ships, and, meeting with a prosperous voyage from Ilium, all come to our country. So he spoke; and all the army echoed his prayer. Then seizing his golden sword by the hilt he drew it from its scabbard, signing to the picked young Argive warriors to hold the maid. But she, when she perceived it, uttered this speech: O Argives, who have sacked my city! of my free will I die; let no one lay hand on me; for bravely will I yield my neck. By the gods, leave me free; so slay me, that death may find me free; for to be called a slave among the dead fills my royal heart with shame.

Talthybius

553λαοὶ δʼ ἐπερρόθησαν, Ἀγαμέμνων τʼ ἄναξ εἶπεν μεθεῖναι παρθένον νεανίαις. κἀπεὶ τόδʼ εἰσήκουσε δεσποτῶν ἔπος, λαβοῦσα πέπλους ἐξ ἄκρας ἐπωμίδος ἔρρηξε λαγόνας ἐς μέσας παρʼ ὀμφαλόν, 560μαστούς τʼ ἔδειξε στέρνα θʼ ὡς ἀγάλματος κάλλιστα, καὶ καθεῖσα πρὸς γαῖαν γόνυ ἔλεξε πάντων τλημονέστατον λόγον· Ἰδού, τόδʼ, εἰ μὲν στέρνον, ὦ νεανία, παίειν προθυμῇ, παῖσον, εἰ δʼ ὑπʼ αὐχένα 565χρῄζεις, πάρεστι λαιμὸς εὐτρεπὴς ὅδε. ὃ δʼ οὐ θέλων τε καὶ θέλων οἴκτῳ κόρης, τέμνει σιδήρῳ πνεύματος διαρροάς· κρουνοὶ δʼ ἐχώρουν. ἣ δὲ καὶ θνῄσκουσʼ ὅμως πολλὴν πρόνοιαν εἶχεν εὐσχήμων πεσεῖν, 570κρύπτουσʼ ἃ κρύπτειν ὄμματʼ ἀρσένων χρεών. ἐπεὶ δʼ ἀφῆκε πνεῦμα θανασίμῳ σφαγῇ, οὐδεὶς τὸν αὐτὸν εἶχεν Ἀργείων πόνον· ἀλλʼ οἳ μὲν αὐτῶν τὴν θανοῦσαν ἐκ χερῶν φύλλοις ἔβαλλον, οἳ δὲ πληροῦσιν πυρὰν 575κορμοὺς φέροντες πευκίνους, ὁ δʼ οὐ φέρων πρὸς τοῦ φέροντος τοιάδʼ ἤκουεν κακά· Ἕστηκας, ὦ κάκιστε, τῇ νεάνιδι οὐ πέπλον οὐδὲ κόσμον ἐν χεροῖν ἔχων; οὐκ εἶ τι δώσων τῇ περίσσʼ εὐκαρδίῳ 580ψυχήν τʼ ἀρίστῃ; τοιάδʼ ἀμφὶ σῆς λέγων παιδὸς θανούσης, εὐτεκνωτάτην τέ σε πασῶν γυναικῶν δυστυχεστάτην θʼ ὁρῶ.

Then the people shouted their applause, and king Agamemnon told the young men to let go the maid. And she, hearing her master’s words, took her robe and tore it open from the shoulder to the waist, displaying a breast and bosom fair as a statue’s; then sinking on her knee, one word she spoke more piteous than all the rest, Young prince, if it is my breast you are eager to strike, see, here it is, strike home! or if at my neck your sword you will aim, that throat is here and ready. Then he, half glad, half sorry in his pity for the maid, cut with the steel the channels of her breath, and streams of blood gushed forth; but she, even in death, took good heed to fall with grace, hiding from the gaze of men what must be hidden. When she had breathed her last through the fatal gash, no Argive set his hand to the same task, but some were strewing leaves over the corpse in handfuls, others bringing pine-logs and heaping up a pyre; and the one who brought nothing would hear from him who did such taunts as these, Do you stand still, ignoble wretch, with no robe or ornament to bring for the maiden? will you give nothing to her that showed such peerless bravery and spirit? Such is the tale I tell about your daughter’s death, and regard you as blessed beyond all mothers in your noble child, yet crossed in fortune more than all.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.