Euripides · Andromache Ἀνδρομάχη

Euripides, Andromache 590–644: Third episode: Peleus condemns Menelaus and Helen

Peleus asks what right Menelaus has to a place among men, who let his own wife be taken from him by a stranger and then sacrificed the lives of others in the war. He says that Helen was a bad wife, that the daughter of such a mother should not be trusted, and that Andromache and her child are not guilty.

Lines 590–644 · 565 words · click a number to copy its link

Peleus

590σὺ γὰρ μετ’ ἀνδρῶν, ὦ κάκιστε κἀκ κακῶν; σοὶ ποῦ μέτεστιν ὡς ἐν ἀνδράσιν λόγου; ὅστις πρὸς ἀνδρὸς Φρυγὸς ἀπηλλάγης λέχος, ἄκλῃστ’ ἄδουλα δώμαθ’ ἑστίας λιπών, ὡς δὴ γυναῖκα σώφρον’ ἐν δόμοις ἔχων 595πασῶν κακίστην. οὐδ’ ἂν εἰ βούλοιτό τις σώφρων γένοιτο Σπαρτιατίδων κόρη, αἳ ξὺν νέοισιν ἐξερημοῦσαι δόμους γυμνοῖσι μηροῖς καὶ πέπλοις ἀνειμένοις δρόμους παλαίστρας τ’ οὐκ ἀνασχετοὺς ἐμοὶ 600κοινὰς ἔχουσι. κᾆτα θαυμάζειν χρεὼν εἰ μὴ γυναῖκας σώφρονας παιδεύετε; Ἑλένην ἐρέσθαι χρῆν τάδ’, ἥτις ἐκ δόμων τὸν σὸν λιποῦσα Φίλιον ἐξεκώμασε νεανίου μετ’ ἀνδρὸς εἰς ἄλλην χθόνα. 605κἄπειτ’ ἐκείνης οὕνεχ’ Ἑλλήνων ὄχλον τοσόνδ’ ἀθροίσας ἤγαγες πρὸς Ἴλιον; ἣν χρῆν σ’ ἀποπτύσαντα μὴ κινεῖν δόρυ, κακὴν ἐφευρόντ’, ἀλλ’ ἐᾶν αὐτοῦ μένειν μισθόν τε δόντα μήποτ’ εἰς οἴκους λαβεῖν. 610ἀλλ’ οὔτι ταύτῃ σὸν φρόνημ’ ἐπούρισας, ψυχὰς δὲ πολλὰς κἀγαθὰς ἀπώλεσας, παίδων τ’ ἄπαιδας γραῦς ἔθηκας ἐν δόμοις, πολιούς τ’ ἀφείλου πατέρας εὐγενῆ τέκνα. ὧν εἷς ἐγὼ δύστηνος· αὐθέντην δὲ σὲ 615μιάστορ’ ὥς τιν’ εἰσδέδορκ’ Ἀχιλλέως. ὃς οὐδὲ τρωθεὶς ἦλθες ἐκ Τροίας μόνος, κάλλιστα τεύχη δ’ ἐν καλοῖσι σάγμασιν ὅμοι’ ἐκεῖσε δεῦρό τ’ ἤγαγες πάλιν. κἀγὼ μὲν ηὔδων τῷ γαμοῦντι μήτε σοὶ 620κῆδος ξυνάψαι μήτε δώμασιν λαβεῖν κακῆς γυναικὸς πῶλον· ἐκφέρουσι γὰρ μητρῷ’ ὀνείδη. τοῦτο καὶ σκοπεῖτέ μοι, μνηστῆρες, ἐσθλῆς θυγατέρ’ ἐκ μητρὸς λαβεῖν. πρὸς τοῖσδε δ’ εἰς ἀδελφὸν οἷ’ ἐφύβρισας, 625σφάξαι κελεύσας θυγατέρ’ εὐηθέστατα; οὕτως ἔδεισας μὴ οὐ κακὴν δάμαρτ’ ἔχῃς. ἑλὼν δὲ Τροίαν—εἶμι γὰρ κἀνταῦθά σοι— οὐκ ἔκτανες γυναῖκα χειρίαν λαβών, ἀλλ’, ὡς ἐσεῖδες μαστόν, ἐκβαλὼν ξίφος 630φίλημ’ ἐδέξω, προδότιν αἰκάλλων κύνα, ἥσσων πεφυκὼς Κύπριδος, ὦ κάκιστε σύ. κἄπειτ’ ἐς οἴκους τῶν ἐμῶν ἐλθὼν τέκνων πορθεῖς ἀπόντων, καὶ γυναῖκα δυστυχῆ κτείνεις ἀτίμως παῖδά θ’, ὃς κλαίοντά σε 635καὶ τὴν ἐν οἴκοις σὴν καταστήσει κόρην, κεἰ τρὶς νόθος πέφυκε. πολλάκις δέ τοι ξηρὰ βαθεῖαν γῆν ἐνίκησε σπορᾷ, νόθοι τε πολλοὶ γνησίων ἀμείνονες. ἀλλ’ ἐκκομίζου παῖδα. κύδιον βροτοῖς 640πένητα χρηστὸν ἢ κακὸν καὶ πλούσιον γαμβρὸν πεπᾶσθαι καὶ φίλον· σὺ δ’ οὐδὲν εἶ.

What! shalt thou rank with men? chief of cowards, son of cowards! What right hast thou to any place ’mongst men? Thou who didst let a Phrygian rob thee of thy wife, leaving thy home without bolt or guard, as if forsooth the cursed woman thou hadst there was a model of virtue. No! a Spartan! maid could not be chaste, e’en if she would, who leaves her home and bares her limbs and lets her robe float free, to share; with youths their races and their sports,-- customs I cannot away with. Is it any wonder then that ye fail to educate your women in virtue? Helen might have asked thee this, seeing that she said goodbye to thy affection and tripped off with her young gallant to a foreign land. And yet for her sake thou didst marshal all the hosts of Hellas and lead them to Ilium, whereas thou shouldst have shown thy loathing for her by refusing to stir a spear, once thou hadst found her false; yea, thou shouldst have let her stay there, and even paid a price to save ever having her back again. But that was not at all the way thy thoughts were turned; wherefore many a brave life hast thou ended, and many an aged mother hast thou left childless in her home, and grey-haired sires of gallant sons hast reft. Of that sad band am I a member, seeing in thee Achilles murderer like a malignant fiend; for thou and thou alone hast returned from Troy without a scratch, bringing back thy splendid weapons in their splendid cases just as they went. As for me, I ever told that amorous boy to form no alliance with thee nor take unto his home an evil mother’s child; for daughters bear the marks of their mothers’ ill-repute into their new homes. Wherefore, ye wooers, take heed to this my warning: Choose the daughter of a good mother. And more than this, with what wanton insult didst thou treat thy brother, bidding him sacrifice his daughter in his simpleness! So fearful wast thou of losing thy worthless wife. Then after capturing Troy,–for thither too will I accompany thee,–thou didst not slay that woman, when she was in thy power; but as soon as thine eyes caught sight of her breast, thy sword was dropped and thou didst take her kisses, fondling the shameless traitress, too weak to stem thy hot desire, thou caitiff wretch! Yet spite of all thou art the man to come and work havoc in my grandson’s halls when he is absent, seeking to slay with all indignity a poor weak woman and her babe; but that babe shall one day make thee and thy daughter in thy home rue it, e’en though his birth be trebly base. Yea, for oft ere now hath seed, sown on barren soil, prevailed o’er rich deep tilth, and many a bastard has proved a better man than children better born. Take thy daughter hence with thee! Far better is it for mortals to have a poor honest man either as married kin or friend than a wealthy knave; but as for thee, thou art a thing of naught.

Chorus

642σμικρᾶς ἀπ’ ἀρχῆς νεῖκος ἀνθρώποις μέγα γλῶσσ’ ἐκπορίζει· τοῦτο δ’ οἱ σοφοὶ βροτῶν ἐξευλαβοῦνται, μὴ φίλοις τεύχειν ἔριν.

The tongue from trifling causes contrives to breed great strife ’mongst men; wherefore are the wise most careful not to bring about a quarrel with their friends.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.