Euripides · Andromache Ἀνδρομάχη

Euripides, Andromache 366–420: Second episode: Menelaus' ultimatum; Andromache gives herself up

Menelaus says that these are petty matters and that he has come to help his daughter: Andromache must leave the altar and die, or he will kill the boy. Andromache laments that she is offered a bitter choice, and says that she has done no wrong, and, to save her son, she leaves the altar and gives herself up.

Lines 366–420 · 538 words · click a number to copy its link

Menelaus

366γύναι, τάδ’ ἐστὶ σμικρὰ καὶ μοναρχίας οὐκ ἄξι’, ὡς φῄς, τῆς ἐμῆς οὐδ’ Ἑλλάδος. εὖ δ’ ἴσθ’, ὅτου τις τυγχάνει χρείαν ἔχων, τοῦτ’ ἔσθ’ ἑκάστῳ μεῖζον ἢ Τροίαν ἑλεῖν. 370κἀγὼ θυγατρί—μεγάλα γὰρ κρίνω τάδε, λέχους στέρεσθαι—σύμμαχος καθίσταμαι. τὰ μὲν γὰρ ἄλλα δεύτερ’ ἂν πάσχοι γυνή, ἀνδρὸς δ’ ἁμαρτάνουσ’ ἁμαρτάνει βίου. δούλων δ’ ἐκεῖνον τῶν ἐμῶν ἄρχειν χρεὼν 375καὶ τῶν ἐκείνου τοὺς ἐμούς, ἡμᾶς τε πρός· φίλων γὰρ οὐδὲν ἴδιον, οἵτινες φίλοι ὀρθῶς πεφύκασ’, ἀλλὰ κοινὰ χρήματα. μένων δὲ τοὺς ἀπόντας, εἰ μὴ θήσομαι τἄμ’ ὡς ἄριστα, φαῦλός εἰμι κοὐ σοφός. 380ἀλλ’ ἐξανίστω τῶνδ’ ἀνακτόρων θεᾶς· ὡς, ἢν θάνῃς σύ, παῖς ὅδ’ ἐκφεύγει μόρον, σοῦ δ’ οὐ θελούσης κατθανεῖν, τόνδε κτενῶ. δυοῖν δ’ ἀνάγκη θατέρῳ λιπεῖν βίον.

Woman, these are petty matters, unworthy, as thou sayest, of my despotic sway, unworthy too of Hellas. Yet mark this well; his special fancy of the hour is of more moment to a man than Troy’s capture. I then have set myself to help my daughter because I consider her loss of a wife’s rights a grave matter; for whatever else a woman suffers is secondary to this; if she loses her husband’s love she loses her life therewith. Now, as it is right Neoptolemus should rule my slaves, so my friends and I should have control of his; for friends, if they be really friends, keep nothing to themselves, but have all in common. So if I wait for the absent instead of making the best arrangement I can at once of my affairs, I show weakness, not wisdom. Arise then, leave the goddess’s shrine, for by thy death this child escapeth his, whereas, if thou refuse to die, I will slay him; for one of you twain must perish.

Andromache

384οἴμοι, πικρὰν κλήρωσιν αἵρεσίν τέ μοι 385βίου καθίστης· καὶ λαχοῦσά γ’ ἀθλία καὶ μὴ λαχοῦσα δυστυχὴς καθίσταμαι. ὦ μεγάλα πράσσων αἰτίας μικρᾶς πέρι, πιθοῦ· τί καίνεις μ’; ἀντὶ τοῦ; ποίαν πόλιν προύδωκα; τίνα σῶν ἔκτανον παίδων ἐγώ; 390ποῖον δ’ ἔπρησα δῶμ’; ἐκοιμήθην βίᾳ σὺν δεσπόταισι· κᾆτ’ ἔμ’, οὐ κεῖνον κτενεῖς, τὸν αἴτιον τῶνδ’, ἀλλὰ τὴν ἀρχὴν ἀφεὶς πρὸς τὴν τελευτὴν ὑστέραν οὖσαν φέρῃ; οἴμοι κακῶν τῶνδ’, ὦ τάλαιν’ ἐμὴ πατρίς, 395ὡς δεινὰ πάσχω. τί δέ με καὶ τεκεῖν ἐχρῆν ἄχθος τ’ ἐπ’ ἄχθει τῷδε προσθέσθαι διπλοῦν; ἥτις σφαγὰς μὲν Ἕκτορος τροχηλάτους 400κατεῖδον οἰκτρῶς τ’ Ἴλιον πυρούμενον, αὐτὴ δὲ δούλη ναῦς ἐπ’ Ἀργείων ἔβην κόμης ἐπισπασθεῖσ’· ἐπεὶ δ’ ἀφικόμην Φθίαν, φονεῦσιν Ἕκτορος νυμφεύομαι. τί δῆτ’ ἐμοὶ ζῆν ἡδύ; πρὸς τί χρὴ βλέπειν; 405πρὸς τὰς παρούσας ἢ παρελθούσας τύχας; εἷς παῖς ὅδ’ ἦν μοι λοιπὸς ὀφθαλμὸς βίου· τοῦτον κτενεῖν μέλλουσιν οἷς δοκεῖ τάδε. οὐ δῆτα τοὐμοῦ γ’ εἵνεκ’ ἀθλίου βίου· ἐν τῷδε μὲν γὰρ ἐλπίς, εἰ σωθήσεται, 410ἐμοὶ δ’ ὄνειδος μὴ θανεῖν ὑπὲρ τέκνου. ἰδοὺ προλείπω βωμὸν ἥδε χειρία σφάζειν φονεύειν, δεῖν, ἀπαρτῆσαι δέρην. ὦ τέκνον, ἡ τεκοῦσά σ’, ὡς σὺ μὴ θάνῃς, στείχω πρὸς Ἅιδην· ἢν δ’ ὑπεκδράμῃς μόρον, 415μέμνησο μητρός, οἷα τλᾶσ’ ἀπωλόμην, καὶ πατρὶ τῷ σῷ διὰ φιλημάτων ἰὼν δάκρυά τε λείβων καὶ περιπτύσσων χέρας λέγ’ οἷ’ ἔπραξα. πᾶσι δ’ ἀνθρώποις ἄρ’ ἦν ψυχὴ τέκν’· ὅστις δ’ αὔτ’ ἄπειρος ὢν ψέγει, 420ἧσσον μὲν ἀλγεῖ, δυστυχῶν δ’ εὐδαιμονεῖ.

Ah me! ’tis a bitter lot thou art offering about my life; whether I take it or not I am equally unfortunate. Attend to me, thou who for a trifling cause art committing an awful crime. Why art thou bent on slaying me? What reason hast thou? What city have I betrayed? Which of thy children was ever slain by me? What house have I fired? I was forced to be my master’s concubine; and spite of that wilt thou slay me, not him who is to blame, passing by the cause and hurrying to the inevitable result? Ah me! my sorrows! Woe for my hapless country! How cruel my fate! Why had I to be a mother too and take upon me a double load of suffering? Yet why do I mourn the past, and o’er the present never shed a tear or compute its griefs? I that saw Hector butchered and dragged behind the chariot, and Ilium, piteous sight! one sheet of flame, while I was haled away by the hair of my head to the Argive ships in I slavery, and on my arrival in Phthia was assigned to Hector’s murderer as his mistress. What pleasure then has life for me? Whither am I to turn my gaze? to the present or the past? My babe alone was left me, the light of my life; and him these ministers of death would slay. No! they shall not, if my poor life can save him; for if he be saved, hope in him lives on, while to ’twere shame to refuse to die for my son. Lo! here I leave the altar and give myself into your hands, to cut or stab, to bind or hang. Ah! my child, to Hades now thy mother passes to save thy dear life. Yet if thou escape thy doom, remember me, my sufferings and my death, and tell thy father how I fared, with fond caress and streaming eye and arms thrown round his neck. Ah! yes, his children are to every man as his own soul; and whoso sneers at this through inexperience, though he suffers less anguish, yet tastes the bitter in his cup of bliss.

People and places in this passage

English translation by Edward P. Coleridge (1891). Original text: Greek text: Gilbert Murray (ed.), Euripidis Fabulae, Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1902, as digitised by Perseus. English: Edward P. Coleridge, The Plays of Euripides, London: George Bell and Sons, first published 1891 (Bohn's Classical Library; the Perseus header records a later printing).

Greek text and translation from the Perseus Digital Library, Tufts University, CC BY-SA 4.0 (Perseus Digital Library); translation public domain. Introductions, summaries and notes © GreekMythology.com.

Andromache 366–420: Menelaus' ultimatum | Euripides